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9780205617753

Expressways : Writing Scenarios

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780205617753

  • ISBN10:

    0205617751

  • Edition: 2nd
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2008-10-21
  • Publisher: Longman
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Summary

"Expressways for Writing Scenarios" builds writing, reading, and critical thinking for greater writing success in academic, workplace, and everyday writing scenarios.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Rhetorical Contents 

 

writing success starts here!

Tabs: Take Charge of Your Learning

Use the Help Features in This Book

Writing Success Tips

 

Part I Getting Started   

 

Chapter 1 — Writing Success: An Overview

WRITING

What is Good Writing?

The Five Steps in the Writing Process 

Generating Ideas 

When to Use Which Technique

Organizing Your Ideas

Using an Idea Map to Organize Your Ideas

Writing a First Draft 

                Student Essay (first draft)

Revising and Rewriting Drafts

                Student Essay: Education: The Open Road, Doug Mello       

Proofreading Your Final Draft 

                Benefits of the Five-Step Writing Process 

Considering Your Audience and Purpose

Chapter Review and Practice

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 2 — The Active Reading Process

Reading Actively

Previewing Before Reading

Body Language: Never Be Lied to Again, David J. Lieberman

Reading to Learn: Chapters, Student and Professional Essays, and Professional Essays

Using Idea Maps to Understand Readings

Understanding Difficult Readings

Reading Critically

Building Your Vocabulary Through Reading

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading

READING: Saved by the Kindness of a Virtual Stranger, Mark Zelermyer

Getting Reading to Write

                Reviewing the Reading

                Examining the Reading: Drawing and Idea Map

                Thinking Critically: Asking Critical Questions

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing

Writing About the Reading

Chapter Review and Practice

Internet Activities

 

Part II Paragraph Writing Strategies   

 

Chapter 3 — Writing Topic Sentences

WRITING

What Is a Paragraph? 

Writing Effective Topic Sentences 

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: A Student Essay: What It Means to Live in America, Loi To

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Job Application Letter: Jason McNaught

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading:  Stressed Out at the Front, Rod Nordland and Trent T. Gregax 

Getting Ready to Write 

        Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Immediate Review and Underlining Topic Sentences 

Thinking Critically: Discovering the Author’s Purpose

Strengthening Your Vocabulary 

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 1: Sentence Fragments 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 4 - Developing and Arranging Details   

WRITING

Using Relevant and Sufficient Details 

Types of Supporting Details

Methods of Arranging Details 

Using Specific Words 

Using Transitional Words 

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay  A Look Into the Past, Dan Kerstetler

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Resume Michael Herrara

WRITING ABOUT READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   The Most Hateful Words, AMY TAN

Getting Ready to Write 

         Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Recognizing Types of Supporting Details 

Thinking Critically: Understanding Figurative Language

Strengthening Your Vocabulary 

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 2: Run-on Sentences 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 5 -  Strategies for Revising   

WHAT IS REVISION?

Examining Your Ideas

Consider Your Purpose and Audience

Examine Specific and Vivid Language

Revision Checklist

What is Editing?

Proofreading Checklist

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: A Student Revision:The Muds of Okinawa, Gentry Carlson

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Letter Revision, Mary Cortez

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   Your Player’s Keeper, Gordon Marino

Getting Ready to Write 

        Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Drawing Idea Maps 

Thinking Critically: Examining Assumptions

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 3: Subject-Verb Agreement 

Internet Activities

 

Part III Essay Writing Strategies

   

Chapter 6 — Planning and Organizing Your Essay

MOVING FROM PARAGRAPHS TO ESSAYS

What is an Essay?

Assigned Topics

Choosing Your Own Topics

Generating Ideas about Your Topic

Narrowing Your Topic

Planning Your Essay

Grouping Your Ideas to Discover a Thesis Statement

Using Outlining and Mapping

Deciding on an Appropriate Tone

Organizing Your Essay

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Freewriting:Ted Sawchuck

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Cover Letter, Marguerite Morger

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   Facebooking: Social Networks Online, James M. Henslin

Getting Ready to Write 

        Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Understand a Reading

Thinking Critically: Distinguishing Fact and Opinions

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 4: Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 7 — Drafting and Revising Your Essay

 Drafting Your Essay

Writing and Revising Your Thesis Statement

Supporting Your Thesis with Substantial Evidence

Writing a First Draft 

                Student Essay (first draft)

Use Transitions to Make Connections Among Your Ideas Clear

Writing the Introduction, Conclusion, and Title

Revising: Examining your Ideas

Revising Essay Content and Structure

Editing and Proofreading: Focusing on Clarity and Correctness

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Relationships 2.0: Dating and Relating in the Internet Age:Ted Sawchuck

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Letter of Reference, Samuel Epstein

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   The Forgotten Food, Brian Wansink

Getting Ready to Write 

        Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Understand a Reading

Thinking Critically: Analyzing the Author’s Word Choice

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 5: Pronoun Reference 

Internet Activities

 

Part IV Methods of Development

  

Chapter 8 - Narration

Understanding Narrative 

Writing Narrative Paragraphs

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Writing Narrative Essays

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Flying Without Wings, Brittany Buck 

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Case Report Maria Sanchez

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   The Charwoman, Gordon Parks   

Getting Ready to Write 

       Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Sequence Maps 

Thinking Critically: Understanding Point of View

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 6: Avoiding Shift Errors 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 9 - Description

UNDERSTANDING DESCRIPTION

What is Descriptive Writing?

Creating a Dominant Impression

Developing and Selecting Sensory Details

Using Descriptive Language

Organizing Details and Using Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Description

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay  Unfit, But I Didn’t Know It, Jason Marinaccio  

WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Business Letter Sandra Tucillo

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading Obachan, Gail Y. Miyasaki 

Getting Ready to Write 

        Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Marking Revealing Actions, Descriptions, and Statements 

Thinking Critically: Understanding Connotative Language

Strengthening Your Vocabulary 

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 7: Dangling Modifiers 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 10 - Process

UNDERSTANDING PROCESS

Writing is Process Writing

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Process

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: A Delicious Mexican Treat, Shandrea Mays     

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Hiring Policy Document, Jeannie Elsen

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   How Writing a TV Show Works, Winifred Fordham Metz 

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Sequence Maps

Thinking Critically: Analyzing Tone

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 8: Misplaced Modifiers

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 11 - Example

UNDERSTANDING EXAMPLES

What is Example Writing?

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Arranging Your Details

Useful Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Examples

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: The Truth About Welfare in America, Ebtisam Abusamak             

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: Advertising Copy 

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading    “First Big Shocks: MARY PIPHER

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Organize an Example Essay

Thinking Critically: Examining Comparisons

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 9: Verb Tense

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 12 - Classification  

Understanding Classification

What is Classification Writing?

Writing About Your Topic Sentence

Useful Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Classification

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay “Label the Behavior–Not the Child”  Corrine Roberts        

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Work Memo, C. Z. Shleviek

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading  The Family, Joseph A. DeVito  

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Review and Organize Ideas 

Thinking Critically: Evaluating an Author’ Credentials

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 10: Coordinate Sentences 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 13 - Definition

Understanding Definition

What is Definition?

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Useful Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Definition 

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Blogs, Ted Sawchuck

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Business Letter, Paul Queeg

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   “Spyware Defined”

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Review and Organize Ideas 

Thinking Critically: Examining the Author’s Purpose

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 11: Subordinate Clauses 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 14 — Comparison and Contrast

Understanding Comparison and Contrast

What Are Comparison and Contrast

Identifying Similarities and Differences

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Organizing Your Paragraph

Useful Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Comparison and Contrast

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: How May I Help You? Frank Trapasso

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Flyer, Alice Witcoff

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   “The Talk of the Sandbox: How Johnny and Suzy’s Playground Chatter Prepares Them for Life at the Office” Deborah Tannen 

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using the Three-Column List for Review 

Thinking Critically: Identifying and Examining Supporting Evidence 

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 12: Parallelism

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 15 - Cause and Effect   

Understanding Cause and Effect

Distinguishing Between Cause and Effect

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Organizing Supporting Details

Useful Transitions

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Cause and Effect

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Causes of Procrastination, Veronica Evans-Johnson   

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: Writing a Speech, Glen Corma 

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   Why We Love Bad News, Hara Marano 

Getting Ready to Write 

      Reviewing the Reading

Examining the Reading: Using an Idea Map to Grasp Cause and Effect Relationships 

Thinking Critically: Evaluating Cause-and-Effect Relationships 

Strengthening Your Vocabulary

Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 

Writing About the Reading

Revision Checklist 

CHAPTER REVIEW AND PRACTICE

Chapter Review

Skill Refresher 13: When to Use Commas 

Internet Activities

 

Chapter 16 - Argument

Understanding Argument

What is Argumentative Writing?

Writing Your Topic Sentence

Supporting Your Position

Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Argument

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Cigarettes, Anyone?  Ebtisam Abusamak

A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Petition, Juanita Garcia 

WRITING ABOUT A READING

Thinking Before Reading 

Reading   #1: The Captive Panther, Michael Fox

     Reviewing the Reading

     Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Examine Persuasive Essays

         Thinking Critically: Evaluating Persuasive Writing

          Strengthening Your Vocabulary

         Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing

Writing About the Reading

READING  #2  Predators on the Prowl, Mark Peyser 

          Reviewing the Reading

         Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Examine Argument Essays

         Thinking Critically: Evaluating Alternative Viewpoints

         Strengthening Your Vocabulary

         Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing

Writing About the Readings

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Skill Refresher 14: Using Colons and Semicolons 

Internet Activities

 

Part V Strategies for Writing Essays   

 

Chapter 17 - Summarizing and Synthesizing Sources   

USING SOURCES

Working with Reference Sources 

Annotating a Source

Writing a Paraphrase 

Writing Summaries 

Using Sources to Support Your Ideas 

Adding Information from Sources 

Synthesizing Sources

Documenting Sources

Avoiding Plagiarism and Cyberplagiarism

 Documentation

An Overview of the MLA Style

An ACADEMIC SCENARIO  A Student Essay, Some Pros and Cons of Legalizing Drugs, Melinda Lawson 

Revision Checklist 

Chapter Review and Practice

Internet Activities

Chapter 18 Writing Essay Exams and Competency Tests   

UNDERSTANDING EXAMS AND COMPETENCY TESTS

What Are Essay Exams and Competency Tests?

Preparing for Essay Exams

Taking Essay Exams 

Writing Your Answer 

Competency Tests and Exit Exams 

AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO. An Essay Answer, Sarah Evenhardt

Revision Checklist–Essay Exams 

Revision Checklist–Competency Tests 

Chapter Review and Practice

Internet Activities

 

Part VI A Multicultural Reader 

1.        Bok Lived to Tell of Capture, Slavery.  MARK MELADY

2.        Spanglish Creeps Into Mainstream  DEBORAH KING

3.        If Hip-Hop Ruled the World AISHA FINCH

4.        For My Indian Daughter   LEWIS  SAWAQUAT

5.        In This Arranged Marriage, Love Came Later.  SHOBA NARYAN 

6.        What Did I Love?  MARARENA DEL ROCIO HERNANDEZ 

 

Part VII Reviewing the Basics   

A      Understanding the Parts of Speech    

Nouns 

Pronouns 

Verbs 

Adjectives 

Adverbs 

Conjunctions 

Prepositions 

Interjections 

B     Understanding the Parts of Sentences   

Subjects 

Predicates 

Complements 

Basic Sentence Patterns 

Expanding the Sentence with Adjectives and Adverbs 

Expanding the Sentence with Phrases 

Expanding the Sentence with Clauses 

Basic Sentence Classifications 

C     Avoiding Sentence Errors   

Sentence Fragments 

Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices 

Uses of Verb Tenses 

Active and Passive Voices 

Subjunctive Mood 

Subject-Verb Agreement 

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 

Pronoun Reference 

Pronoun Case 

Correct Adjective and Adverb Use 

D     Writing Effective Sentences   

Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 

Shifts in Person, Number, and Verb Tense 

Coordination 

Subordination 

Parallelism 

Sentence Variety 

Redundancy and Wordiness 

Diction 

E      Using Punctuation Correctly   

End Punctuation 

Commas 

Unnecessary Commas 

Colons and Semicolons 

Dashes, Parentheses, Hyphens, Apostrophes, Quotation Marks 

F      Managing Mechanics and Spelling   

Capitalization 

Abbreviations 

Hyphenation and Word Division 

Numbers 

Suggestions for Improving Spelling 

Six Useful Spelling Rules 

G     Error Correction Exercises 

 

Part VIII ESL Guide for Nonnative Speakers of English   

 

I. VERBS

A. Active Voice Verb Tenses and Related Forms                   

B. Modal Auxiliaries                                                                                                  

C. Nonaction Verbs                                                                                                  

D. Passive Voice                                                                                                       

II. NOUNS                                                                                                                               

A. Plural Forms of Regular Verbs                                                             

 B. Plural Forms of Irregular Verbs                                                          

 C. Possessive Forms of Nouns                                                                               

 D. Gerunds and Infinitives                                                                       

III. PRONOUNS                                    

A. Personal Pronouns                                                                                              

B. Indefinite Pronouns                                                                                              

IV. ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS                                                       

A. Some Grammatical Reminders                                                            

B. Relative (Adjective) Clauses                                                                                 

V. TRANSITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES        

A. Transitions for Contrast                                                                       

B. Transitions for Equality, Addition, and Similarity  

C. Transitions for Time                                                                                             

D. Transitions for Reasons or Purpose                                                     

 E. Transitions for Results                                                                        

VI. CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS AND

   SUBJUNCTIVE VERB FORMS                                                           

A. Statements with “If” Clauses                                                              

B. Additional Uses of the Subjunctive                                       

VII. WEBSITES FOR ESL STUDENTS               

Skill Refresher Answer Key 

Text and Art Credits 

Index 

 

 

 

 

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