Family Therapy : A Systemic Integration

by Becvar, Dorothy Stroh; Becvar, Raphael J.

• ISBN13: 9780205360055
• ISBN10: 020536005X
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This text is a comprehensive survey of the field of marriage and family therapy, with emphasis on a systemic theoretical perspective. The systemic-cybernetic framework in Family Therapy provides an understanding of people in the context of their environment. The textdivided into three sections for theoretical frameworks, models of family therapy, and the practice of family therapyincludes current developments, evolving models, and ongoing debates. Various family and developmental theories are integrated into a dynamic process model for viewing and understanding family interactions and relationships, including psychodynamic, experiential, structural, communications, strategic, and behavioral approaches. Therapeutic modalities include individual, couple, group family, couples group, multiple family, networking, and symptom-focused.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
PART 1 The Systemic Framework	1	(126)
Two Different Worldviews	3	(11)
The Framework of Individual Psychology	3	(5)
The Framework of Systemic Family Therapy	8	(4)
Basic Concepts of Systems Theory and Cybernetics	10	(2)
Family Therapy or Relationship Therapy?	12	(1)
Summary	13	(1)
The Historical Perspective	14	(50)
Planting the Seeds: The 1940s	15	(4)
Cybernetics	15	(1)
Development of Interdisciplinary Approaches	16	(1)
Gregory Bateson	17	(2)
Putting Down Roots: The 1950s	19	(12)
Bateson (Continued)	19	(1)
The Double-Bind Hypothesis	20	(2)
Nathan Ackerman	22	(2)
Murray Bowen	24	(1)
Carl Whitaker	24	(1)
Theodore Lidz	25	(2)
Lyman Wynne	27	(1)
Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy	28	(1)
John Elderkin Bell	29	(1)
Christian F. Midelfort	29	(1)
Overview of the 1950s	30	(1)
The Plant Begins to Bud: The 1960s	31	(4)
Paradigm Shift	31	(2)
MRI	33	(1)
Salvador Minuchin	34	(1)
Other Developments	35	(1)
Blossom Time: The 1970s	35	(6)
Psychodynamic Approaches	35	(1)
Natural Systems Theory	36	(1)
Experiential Approaches	36	(1)
Structural Approaches	37	(1)
Strategic Approaches	38	(1)
Communication Approaches	39	(1)
Behavioral Approaches	40	(1)
Gregory Bateson	40	(1)
Connecting and Integrating: The 1980s	41	(6)
Other Voices	41	(5)
The Limits of History	46	(1)
Controversy, Conflict, and Beyond: The 1990s	47	(6)
The Feminist Critique	47	(3)
Family Therapy and Family Medicine	50	(1)
Integration and Metaframeworks	51	(1)
Managed Care	52	(1)
The Twenty-First Century: Future Considerations and Concerns	52	(1)
Summary	53	(11)
The Paradigmatic Shift of Systems Theory	64	(24)
A Cybernetic Epistemology	64	(14)
Recursion	65	(1)
Feedback	66	(2)
Morphostasis/Morphogenesis	68	(1)
Rules and Boundaries	69	(1)
Openness and Closedness	70	(1)
Entropy/Negentropy	71	(1)
Equifinality/Equipotentiality	71	(1)
Communication and Information Processing	72	(3)
Relationship and Wholeness	75	(2)
Goals and Purposes	77	(1)
Cybernetics of Cybernetics	78	(7)
Wholeness and Self-Reference	79	(1)
Openness and Closedness	79	(1)
Autopoiesis	80	(1)
Structural Determinism	81	(1)
Structural Coupling and Nonpurposeful Drift	82	(1)
Epistemology of Participation	83	(1)
Reality as a Multiverse	84	(1)
Summary	85	(3)
Postmodernism and Family Therapy	88	(16)
Postmodernism in Historical Perspective	90	(1)
Constructivism and Social Constructionism	91	(1)
Deconstruction and the Role of Language	92	(2)
The Role of the Individual	94	(1)
The Debates	95	(3)
First-Order versus Second-Order Therapy	95	(2)
Postmodernism and Cybernetics	97	(1)
Self-Referential Inconsistencies and Other Challenges	98	(4)
The Role of the Family	102	(1)
Summary	102	(2)
The Family: Process, Development, and Context	104	(23)
Process Dimensions	105	(5)
Developmental Frameworks	110	(6)
Contextual Issues	116	(9)
Structural Variations	116	(4)
Cultural Variations	120	(2)
Other Diversity Issues	122	(1)
Ecological Considerations	123	(2)
Summary	125	(2)
PART 2 The Practice of Family Therapy	127	(148)
Psychodynamic Approaches	131	(14)
Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy	132	(7)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	133	(3)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	136	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	136	(2)
Systemic Consistency	138	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	139	(1)
Object Relations Family Therapy	139	(6)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	140	(2)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	142	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	142	(1)
Systemic Consistency	143	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	144	(1)
Natural Systems Theory	145	(13)
Murray Bowen	145	(13)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	146	(4)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	150	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	151	(5)
Systemic Consistency	156	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	156	(2)
Experiential Approaches	158	(15)
Carl Whitaker	159	(7)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	160	(1)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	161	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	162	(2)
Systemic Consistency	164	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	165	(1)
Walter Kempler	166	(7)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	167	(2)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	169	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	170	(1)
Systemic Consistency	171	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	172	(1)
The Structural Approach	173	(20)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	174	(9)
Structure	174	(1)
Subsystems	175	(2)
Boundaries	177	(3)
The Family over Time	180	(1)
Structural Maps of the Family	180	(3)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	183	(2)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	185	(6)
Goals of Structural Therapy	186	(1)
The Process of Change	187	(4)
Systemic Consistency	191	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	192	(1)
Communication Approaches	193	(13)
Early Researchers	194	(4)
Don D. Jackson	194	(1)
John H. Weakland	195	(1)
Paul Watzlawick	196	(2)
Review of Early Research	198	(2)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	198	(1)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	198	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	199	(1)
Systemic Consistency	199	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	200	(1)
Virginia Satir	200	(6)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	201	(1)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	202	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	203	(2)
Systemic Consistency	205	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	205	(1)
Strategic Approaches and the Milan Influence	206	(27)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	208	(5)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	213	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	214	(3)
Three Examples	217	(14)
Jay Haley	217	(5)
Cloe Madanes	222	(1)
Milan Systemic/Strategic Therapy	223	(8)
Systemic Consistency	231	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	231	(2)
Behavioral/Cognitive Approaches	233	(23)
Basic Concepts/Theoretical Constructs	237	(2)
Definitions	237	(2)
Theory of Health/Normalcy	239	(1)
Therapeutic Strategies/Interventions	240	(2)
Traditional Behavioral Strategies/Interventions	240	(1)
Cognitive-Behavioral Strategies/Interventions	241	(1)
Four Examples	242	(12)
Behavioral Parent Training	243	(3)
Behavioral Marital Therapy	246	(5)
Functional Family Therapy	251	(1)
Conjoint Sex Therapy	251	(3)
Systemic Consistency	254	(1)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	255	(1)
Postmodern Approaches	256	(19)
The Reflecting Team: Tom Andersen	257	(3)
Solution-Oriented Therapy: William O'Hanlon	260	(2)
Solution-Focused Therapy: Steve de Shazer	262	(5)
Externalization and Reauthoring Lives and Relationships: Michael White and David Epston	267	(4)
Therapeutic Conversations: Harlene Anderson and Harry Goolishian	271	(1)
Systemic Consistency	272	(2)
Questions and Reflections from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	274	(1)
PART 3 The Systemic Practitioner	275	(106)
Family Assessment	277	(16)
History	277	(3)
Family Assessment and Classification---General Models	280	(2)
Family Assessment and Classification---Scientific Approaches	282	(6)
Family Assessment and Classification---Some Concerns	288	(1)
Systemic Analysis/Multidimensional Assessment	289	(4)
Therapeutic Intervention and Strategies	293	(26)
A Theory of Change	293	(7)
Reframing	297	(1)
Paradoxical Interventions	298	(1)
Problem Formation/Resolution	298	(1)
Stochastic Processes	299	(1)
Perturber versus Change Agent	299	(1)
Meaningful Noise	300	(3)
Language and Worldviews	300	(1)
Stability and Change	301	(1)
Information and Perturbation	302	(1)
The Theory of Change, Meaningful Noise, and the Postmodernist Perspective	303	(1)
Ethical Issues	304	(15)
AAMFT Code of Ethics	305	(9)
Ethics and Cybernetics of Cybernetics	314	(5)
Training and Supervision	319	(11)
Teaching and Learning the Systemic/Cybernetic Perspective	319	(2)
Supervision: Modalities, Myths, and Realities	321	(1)
Legal and Ethical Issues in Training and Supervision	322	(4)
Supervision from a Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodern Perspective	326	(4)
Research in Family Therapy	330	(21)
Family Therapy Research in the Logical Positivist Tradition	330	(4)
From Efficacy Research to Progress Research	334	(2)
A Second-Order Cybernetics/Postmodernist Consideration of Quantitative and Qualitative Research	336	(3)
A Systems View of Research	339	(3)
The New Physics	342	(2)
Implications for the Social Sciences	344	(2)
Ramifications of a Cybernetic Perspective	346	(5)
Epistemological Challenges: Thinking about Our Thinking	351	(30)
Mind and Nature/Stories	355	(3)
Conceptual Pathologies	358	(10)
Problems Exist ``Out There''	358	(2)
The Map Is the Territory	360	(1)
Defining Differences in Isolation	361	(2)
Independence/Autonomy and Unilateral Control	363	(1)
You Can Do Just One Thing	363	(1)
Control Is Possible	364	(2)
We Can Just Observe	366	(2)
The Paradox of Being a Systemic Therapist	368	(6)
Contemporary Challenges	374	(2)
Teaching and Learning the Cybernetic Perspective	376	(3)
In Conclusion	379	(2)
References	381	(18)
Name Index	399	(6)
Subject Index	405