Food Webs at the Landscape Level

by Polis, Gary A.; Power, Mary E.; Huxel, Gary R.; Huxel, Gary R.

• ISBN13: 9780226673271
• ISBN10: 0226673278
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-06-01
• Publisher: Univ of Chicago Pr

Summary

Scientists rely on food webscomplex networks that trace the flow of nutrients and energy between species and through ecosystemsto understand the infrastructure of ecological communities.But given the complexities of food websthink of following the flow of nutrients through the microbes, fungi, roots, worms, ants, and birds that pass over or through a single cubic meter of prairie soilit's not difficult to see why most experiments on food-web dynamics focus on small, local habitats. Yet as this book convincingly shows, important insights come when scientists expand the temporal and spatial scope of their research to look at the ways energy, organisms, nutrients, and pollutants flow not just at the local level, but across whole landscapesbetween and among food webs in a wide variety of habitats. Paying special attention to the fertile boundaries between terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, Food Webs at the Landscape Levelnot only shows what this new methodology means for ecology, conservation, and agriculture but also serves as a fitting tribute to Gary Polis and his major contributions to the field.

Author Biography

Gary A. Polis was a professor in and chair of the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy at the University of California, Davis, at the time of his death in 2000.

Mary E. Power is a professor of integrative biology at the University of California, Berkeley.

Gary R. Huxel is an assistant professor of biology at the University of South Florida.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
PART I. FLUXES OF NUTRIENTS AND DETRITUS ACROSS HABITATS
1 Overview: Cross-Habitat Flux of Nutrients and Detritus	3	(9)
Michael J. Vanni, Donald L. DeAngelis, Daniel E. Schindler, and Gary R. Huxel
2 Dynamic Consequences of Allochthonous Nutrient Input to Freshwater Systems	12	(13)
Donald L. DeAngelis and Patrick J. Mulholland
3 Using Stable Isotopes to Quantify Material Transport in Food Webs	25	(18)
Daniel E. Schindler and Susan C. Lubetkin
4 Cross-Habitat Transport of Nutrients by Omnivorous Fish along a Productivity Gradient: Integrating Watersheds and Reservoir Food Webs	43	(19)
Michael J. Vanni and Jenifer L. Headworth
5 Bottom-Up/Top-Down Determination of Rocky Intertidal Shorescape Dynamics	62	(20)
Bruce A. Menge
6 Allochthonous Nutrient and Food Inputs: Consequences for Temporal Stability	82	(33)
Wendy B. Anderson and Gary A. Polis
7 Implications of System Openness for Local Community Structure and Ecosystem Function
Robert D. Holt
8 Migratory Neotropical Fishes Subsidize Food Webs of Oligotrophic Blackwater Rivers	115	(18)
Kirk O. Winemiller and David B. Jepsen
9 Benthic-Pelagic Linkages in Subtidal Communities: Influence of Food Subsidy by Internal Waves	133	(21)
Jon D. Witman, Mark R. Patterson, and Salvatore J. Genovese
10 Effect of Landscape Boundaries on the Flux of Nutrients, Detritus, and Organisms	154	(15)
M.L. Cadenasso, S.T.A. Pickett, and K.C. Weathers
11 The Variation of lake Fool Webs across the Landscape and Its Effect on Contaminant Dynamics	169	(16)
Joseph B. Rasmussen and M. Jake Vander Zanden
PART II. FOOD WEB DYNAMICS ACROSS THE LAND-WATER INTERFACE
12 Food Web Subsidies at the Land-Water Ecotone	185	(4)
M. Jake Vander Zanden and Diane M. Sanzone
13 Subsidized Predation along River Shores Affects Terrestrial Herbivore and Plant Success	189	(11)
Joh R. Henschel
14 Trophic Flows from Water to Land: Marine Input Affects Food Webs of Islands and Coastal Ecosystems Worldwide	200	(17)
Gary A. Polls, Francisco Sánchez-Piñero, Paul T. Stapp, Wendy B. Anderson, and Michael D. Rose
15 River-to-Watershed Subsidies in an Old-Growth Conifer Forest	217	(24)
Mary E. Power, William E. Rainey, Michael S. Parker, John L. Sabo, Adrianna Smyth, Sapna Khandwala, Jacques C. Finlay, F. Camille McNeely, Kevin Marsee, and Clarissa Anderson
16 Sources and Effects of Subsidies along the Stream-Estuary Continuum	241	(22)
Ralph H. Riley, Colin R. Townsend, Dave A. Raffaelli, and Alex S. Flecker
PART III. SUBSIDIES AT REGIONAL AND GLOBAL SCALES
17 Integrating Food Web and Landscape Ecology: Subsidies at the Regional Scale	263	(5)
M.L. Cadenasso, K.C. Weathers, and S.T.A. Pickett
18 Agricultural Nutrient Subsidies to Migratory Geese and Change in Arctic Coastal Habitats	268	(16)
Robert L. Jefferies, Hugh A.L. Henry, and Kenneth F. Abraham
19 Anadromous Fishes as Ecological Links between Ocean, Fresh Water, and Land	284	(17)
Mary F. Willson, Scott M. Gende, and Peter A. Bisson
20 When Terrestrial Organic Matter Is Sent down the River: The Importance of Allochthonous Carbon Inputs to the Metabolism of Lakes and Rivers	301	(16)
Nina Caraco and Jonathan Cole
21 Trophic Flows and Spatial Heterogeneity in Agricultural Landscapes	317	(18)
Jacques Baudry and Francoise Burel
PART IV. SYNTHESIS
22 The Influence of Physical Processes, Organisms, and Permeability on Cross-Ecosystem Fluxes	335	(24)
Jon D. Witman, Julie C. Ellis, and Wendy B. Anderson
23 Feast and Famine in Food Webs: The Effects of Pulsed Productivity	359	(28)
Anna L.W. Sears, Robert D. Holt, and Gary A. Polis
24 Subsidy Effects on Managed Ecosystems: Implications for Sustainable Harvest, Conservation, and Control	387	(23)
Mary E. Power, Michael J. Vanni, Paul T. Stapp, and Gary A. Polis
25 Subsidy Dynamics and Global Change	410	(24)
Ralph H. Riley and Robert L. Jefferies
26 At the Frontier of the Integration of Food Web Ecology and Landscape Ecology	434	(19)
Gary R. Huxel, Gary A. Polis, and Robert D. Holt
References	453	(74)
Contributors	527	(4)
Index	531