Foundations of Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist

by Gehrig, Jill S.; Willmann, Donald E.

• ISBN13: 9780781723381
• ISBN10: 0781723388
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-10-10
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

This comprehensive new text provides a refreshing approach for both students and instructors of periodontology. Presented in an efficient, straightforward tone, this evidence-based approach to periodontal care emphasizes the use of research as the foundation for clinical decision making. Highlights Include: An outline format that presents difficult concepts in a user-friendly manner Chapter outlines, tables, boxes, flow charts, and key terms that complement teaching and promote efficient learning Unique chapters covering content that goes beyond that found in other periodontal texts, including important topics such as dental plaque biofilms, host response to periodontal pathogens, etiology of periodontal diseases and more Patient case studies and "Focus on Patients" sections that encourage students to apply concepts to patient treatment High-quality clinical photographs and illustrations that reinforce chapter content A full-color insert that features clinical photographs of the periodontal disease classification most often encountered in clinical practice A glossary for clarification of frequently used periodontal terms Written specifically for the needs of the dental hygienist, the time is right for Foundations of Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist. With its intelligent balance of up-to-date content and organizational clarity, this text is bound to become in the words of one reviewer "a standard for dental hygiene programs everywhere."

Author Biography

Jill S. Nield-Gehrig, RDH, MA Allied Health & Public Service Education Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College Asheville, North Carolina Donald E. Willmann, DDS, MS Professor, Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School San Antonio, Texas

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Reviewers	xvii
Contributors	xix
Foreword	xxi
PART 1 THE PERIODONTIUM
Tissues of the Periodontium in Health	1	(14)
Structures of the Periodontium	2	(8)
Nerve Supply, Blood Supply, and Lymphatic System	10	(4)
Focus on Patients	14	(1)
Microscopic Anatomy of the Periodontium	15	(18)
Microscopic Anatomy of the Body Tissues	16	(4)
Microscopic Anatomy of the Gingiva	20	(6)
Microscopic Anatomy of Supporting Periodontal Tissues	26	(4)
Focus on Patients	30	(3)
PART 2 PATHOGENESIS AND ETIOLOGY
Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease	33	(20)
The Periodontium in Health and Disease	34	(3)
Inflammatory Response in Periodontal Disease	37	(2)
Stages of Histopathology	39	(7)
Pathogenesis of Bone Destruction	46	(5)
Focus on Patients	51	(2)
Introduction to Etiology	53	(12)
Epidemiology	54	(2)
Historical Perspectives	56	(3)
Etiologic Factors	59	(3)
Focus on Patients	62	(3)
Bacterial Etiologic Factors	65	(16)
Bacteria	66	(1)
Biofilms	67	(4)
The Dental Plaque Biofilm	71	(7)
Focus on Patients	78	(3)
Host Response	81	(18)
Terminology Review	82	(1)
Immune System Components in Periodontitis	83	(2)
Phagocytic Cells of the Immune System	85	(1)
Inflammatory Mediators of Periodontitis	86	(1)
Host Response in Periodontal Disease	87	(5)
Biologic Equilibrium and the Periodontium	92	(5)
Focus on Patients	97	(2)
Systemic Risk Factors	99	(20)
Systemic Disease and Risk for Periodontitis	101	(9)
Genetic Risk Factors for Periodontitis	110	(2)
Tools for Periodontal Risk Assessment	112	(1)
Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Systemic Disease	112	(4)
Focus on Patients	116	(3)
Local Environmental Risk Factors	119	(10)
Local Factors that Increase Plaque Retention	120	(3)
Local Factors that Increase Plaque Pathogenicity	123	(1)
Local Factors that Cause Direct Damage to Periodontium	124	(4)
Focus on Patients	128	(1)
PART 3 DISEASES OF THE PERIODONTIUM
Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions	129	(6)
Introduction to Disease Classification	130	(1)
AAP Classification System for Periodontal Diseases	131	(4)
Gingival Diseases	135	(16)
Gingival Tissues	136	(3)
Descriptive Terminology and Classification Criteria	139	(1)
Dental Plaque-Induced Gingival Diseases	139	(8)
Non--Plaque-Induced Gingival Lesions	147	(1)
Focus on Patients	148	(3)
Periodontitis	151	(16)
Chronic Periodontitis---The Most Common Form of Periodontitis	152	(10)
Aggressive Periodontitis---Highly Destructive Form of Periodontitis	162	(2)
Other Types of Periodontitis---Less Common Forms of Periodontitis	164	(2)
Focus on Patients	166	(1)
PART 4 ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING FOR THERAPY
Impact of the Medical History on Periodontal Therapy	167	(10)
Objectives of Taking a Patient History	168	(1)
Medical History Evaluation	169	(7)
Focus on Patients	176	(1)
Clinical Periodontal Assessment	177	(20)
Responsibilities and Legal Considerations	178	(1)
The Periodontal Screening Examination	179	(1)
The Comprehensive Periodontal Assessment	180	(10)
Clinical Features that Require Calculations	190	(4)
Focus on Patients	194	(3)
Radiographic Analysis	197	(14)
Radiographic Review	198	(2)
Use of Radiographs for Periodontal Evaluation	200	(9)
Focus on Patients	209	(2)
Decision Making and Treatment Planning	211	(12)
Diagnostic Decision Making Process	212	(3)
Sequence of Treatment for the Periodontal Patient	215	(3)
Principles of Planning Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy	218	(2)
Focus on Patients	220	(3)
Evidence-Based Approach to Periodontal Care	223	(12)
Research as the Foundation for Decision Making	224	(4)
Incorporating Evidence into Clinical Practice	228	(2)
Ethical Issues	230	(1)
Skills for Incorporating Evidence	230	(2)
Focus on Patients	232	(3)
PART 5 IMPLEMENTATION OF THERAPY
Compliance/Communication	235	(12)
Learning Versus Change	236	(1)
Becoming a Successful Change Agent	237	(4)
Adopting a Patient-Centered Focus	241	(3)
Focus on Patients	244	(3)
Diet and Nutritional Counseling for Periodontal Disease	247	(8)
The Influence of Diet and Nutrition in Periodontal Disease	248	(2)
Nutrition, Periodontal Disease, and Systemic Disease	250	(2)
Including Dietary/Nutritional Counseling in Treatment Plans	252	(1)
Focus on Patients	253	(2)
Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy	255	(16)
Principles of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy	256	(1)
Nonsurgical Instrumentation	257	(3)
Topical Chemical Plaque Control	260	(4)
Other Steps in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy	264	(2)
Dentinal Hypersensitivity	266	(1)
Decisions Following Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy	267	(2)
Focus on Patients	269	(2)
Patient's Role in Nonsurgical Therapy	271	(20)
Patient-Performed Mechanical Plaque Control	272	(9)
Patient-Applied Home Irrigation	281	(3)
Topical Chemical Plaque Control	284	(4)
Focus on Patients	288	(3)
Periodontal Surgical Procedures	291	(14)
Principles of Periodontal Surgery	292	(1)
Healing Following Periodontal Surgery	292	(1)
Broad Categories of Periodontal Surgery	293	(2)
Overview of Common Types of Periodontal Surgery	295	(5)
Management of the Patient Following Periodontal Surgery	300	(3)
Focus on Patients	303	(2)
Periodontal Maintenance	305	(12)
Introduction to Periodontal Maintenance	306	(1)
Components of Periodontal Maintenance	307	(4)
Outcomes Assessment	311	(3)
Focus on Patients	314	(3)
Maintenance of the Dental Implant Patient	317	(16)
Dental Implantology	318	(7)
Considerations for Implant Maintenance	325	(6)
Focus on Patients	331	(2)
Periodontal Emergencies	333	(10)
Common Periodontal Emergency Conditions	334	(7)
Focus on Patients	341	(2)
Business Concepts	343	(56)
Dental Insurance	344	(4)
Daily Business Routines	348	(4)
Best Practices	352	(3)
PART 6 APPENDICES
Appendix A: Case Studies	355	(20)
Appendix B: Faculty Resources---Discussion Points	375	(16)
Appendix C: Guidelines for Reading Dental Literature	391	(4)
Appendix D: Periodontal Resources on the Internet	395	(4)
Glossary	399	(14)
Index	413