Girls, Delinquency, and Juvenile Justice: Juvenile Justice

by Chesney-Lind, Meda

• ISBN13: 9780534557744
• ISBN10: 0534557740
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-08-11
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This award-winning book was the first book devoted solely to the topic of female delinquency and the treatment of young girls by the juvenile justice system. It sheds new light on the special problems of delinquent girls by taking into account what it is like to grow up female in a patriarchal society. Based on extensive and original research, the book provides compelling firsthand accounts as well as solid research and theory.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
Preface	xiv
Introduction: Why A Book On Girls and Juvenile Justice?	1	(7)
The Extent of Female Delinquency	8	(23)
Recent Trends: National Arrest Data	9	(10)
Self-Report Surveys	19	(4)
Delinquent Careers	23	(2)
Racial Differences	25	(3)
Summary	28	(2)
Notes	30	(1)
The Nature of Female Delinquency	31	(33)
Girls and Shoplifting	31	(2)
Status Offenses	33	(7)
Runaways	40	(3)
Prostitution Among Girls	43	(7)
International Prostitution	46	(4)
Girls and Violence	50	(12)
Relabeling Status Offenses	53	(4)
Aggression and Gender	57	(2)
Girls and Robbery	59	(3)
Summary	62	(1)
Notes	63	(1)
Girls and Gangs	64	(34)
Trends in Girl Gang Membership	67	(4)
Girl Gang Membership and Crimes	67	(3)
Types of Female Gangs	70	(1)
Moving Beyond the Stereotypes: The Social Context of Girl Gangs	71	(1)
Class and Race	71	(26)
Crime and Drugs	74	(5)
Reasons for Joining the Gang	79	(7)
Relationship with Males and Male Gangs	86	(4)
Family-Related Issues	90	(3)
School and Work	93	(2)
Some Concluding Thoughts	95	(1)
Summary	96	(1)
Notes	97	(1)
Theories of Female Crime and Delinquency	98	(34)
Early Theories of Female Delinquency	100	(6)
Sociological Theories of (Male) Delinquency: Do They Apply to Girls?	106	(15)
Social Disorganization/Social Ecology Theory	107	(2)
Strain Theory	109	(4)
Cultural Deviance Theories	113	(1)
Cohen's ``Culture of the Gang''	113	(1)
Miller's ``Lower Class Culture''	114	(1)
Differential Association	115	(1)
Control Theory	115	(1)
Labeling Theory	116	(2)
Critical/Marxist Perspectives	118	(3)
A Concluding Note	121	(1)
Gender Roles and Delinquency in Girls: The Beginnings of a Theory of Female Delinquency	121	(5)
The Women's Movement and Female Crime	126	(4)
Feminist Criminology	128	(2)
Summary	130	(1)
Notes	131	(1)
Girls' Lives and Girls' Delinquency	132	(26)
Growing Up Female	134	(5)
Girls, Parents, and Peers	139	(4)
Girls and the Sexual Double Standard	143	(1)
An Overview of Girls' Victimization	144	(1)
Girls' Victimization and Female Delinquency	145	(4)
Contemporary Delinquency Research and Gender	149	(7)
Summary	156	(2)
Girls and the Juvenile Justice System: A Historical Overview	158	(25)
The Doctrine of Parens Patriae, Stubborn Children, and Houses of Refuge: Roots of a Double Standard of Juvenile Justice	159	(3)
Ex Parte Crouse	162	(1)
The Child-Saving Movement and the Juvenile Court	163	(6)
``The Best Place to Conquer Girls''	169	(1)
The Juvenile Court and the Double Standard of Juvenile Justice	170	(4)
Deinstitutionalization and Judicial Paternalism: Challenges to the Double Standard of Juvenile Justice	174	(1)
Unpopular Reform?	175	(3)
Recent Trends: Finally a Focus on Girls, and the Republican Backlash	178	(3)
Summary	181	(1)
Notes	182	(1)
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System and Girls, Part I: Police and Juvenile Court Processing	183	(21)
An Overview of the System and Process	183	(1)
The Rights of Juveniles: A Review of Key Cases	184	(2)
Implications of Supreme Court Rulings for Girls	186	(2)
Getting into the System	188	(6)
Girls on the Streets	189	(2)
Girls at the Station House	191	(3)
Delinquents in Court	194	(2)
Gender and Delinquency Referrals	196	(2)
Comparing Girls and Boys in Court	198	(2)
Girls, Race, and the New Double Standard of Juvenile Justice	200	(2)
Summary	202	(1)
Notes	203	(1)
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System and Girls, Part II: Girls in Institutions	204	(33)
Youths in Institutions: A National Overview	205	(1)
Number of Girls in Institutions	205	(5)
Demographic Characteristics of Youths in Institutions	206	(4)
Characteristics of Girls in Correctional Facilities	210	(1)
Girls in Detention	210	(7)
Girls in Adult Jails	217	(4)
Conditions for Girls in Jail	219	(2)
Girls in Training Schools	221	(9)
The Inmate Subculture and Social System	228	(2)
Girls, Race, and Institutionalization	230	(2)
Deinstitutionalization or Trans-Institutionalization? Girls and the Mental Health System	232	(3)
Summary	235	(1)
Note	236	(1)
In Their Own Words: Interviews with Girls and Boys on the Margins	237	(26)
Interpreting Ethnicity and Gender in Hawaii: A Case Study	239	(19)
Study Methodology	242	(1)
The Youth Participants	242	(1)
Focus Group Questions and Session Dynamics	243	(3)
Key Findings of the Study	246	(1)
``I Thought That One of My Teachers . . . Was Against Samoans Li'dat.''	246	(4)
``But All We da Best In? Violence.''	250	(4)
``. . . They Dress as Hoochie Mammas---You Know, Like Hookers.''	254	(2)
Some Concluding Thoughts	256	(2)
The ``Risky'' Lives of Girl Delinquents: Bottcher's California Study	258	(3)
Summary	261	(1)
Note	262	(1)
Programs for Girls in Trouble	263	(34)
Traditional Approaches	267	(2)
Juvenile Diversion	269	(3)
The Detention Diversion Advocacy Project (DDAP)	272	(7)
Gender Differences	274	(5)
Foster Care and Group Homes	279	(3)
The Ideal Program	282	(1)
Shortchanging Girls: Patterns within Youth-Serving Programs	283	(1)
Are Gender-Specific Programs Necessary?	284	(1)
Programmings as if Girls Mattered: Getting Past Girls Watching Boys Play Sports	285	(4)
Lack of Validated Gender-Specific Programs: Programming and the ``Forgotten Few''	285	(1)
Violence	286	(1)
Running Away, Education, and Trauma	287	(1)
Peers and the Importance of Age	287	(1)
Recreation: Beyond Cheerleading	288	(1)
Programs for Girls	289	(1)
Children of the Night	289	(1)
National Programs of Girls, Incorporated	290	(3)
Local Programs Sponsored by Girls, Incorporated	291	(2)
Policy Implications and Future Directions	293	(1)
Summary	294	(2)
Notes	296	(1)
Conclusions	297	(8)
Bibliography	305	(30)
Index	335