A Guide to Programming Logic and Design

by Farrell, Joyce M.

• ISBN13: 9780760011775
• ISBN10: 076001177X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-08-01
• Publisher: Course Technology Ptr

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
An Overview of Computers and Logic	1	(30)
Understanding Computer Programming	2	(13)
Understanding Computer Components and Operations	2	(3)
The Programming Process	5	(1)
Understand the Problem	5	(1)
Plan the Logic	6	(1)
Code the Program	7	(1)
Translate the Program into Machine Language	7	(1)
Test the Program	8	(1)
Put the Program into Production	9	(1)
Understanding the Data Hierarchy	9	(2)
Terms and Concepts	11	(1)
Summary	12	(1)
Exercises	13	(2)
Introduction to Flowcharting and Pseudocode	15	(16)
Using Flowchart Symbols and Pseudocode Statements	15	(4)
Using Variables	19	(2)
Ending a Program by Using Sentinel Values	21	(2)
Using the Connector	23	(1)
Format of Mathematical Statements	24	(2)
Types of Data and Variables	26	(1)
Terms and Concepts	27	(1)
Summary	28	(1)
Exercises	29	(2)
Structure	31	(30)
Understanding Structure	32	(16)
Unstructured Spaghetti Code	32	(1)
The Structures	33	(7)
The Priming Read	40	(4)
Reasons for Structure	44	(1)
Terms and Concepts	45	(1)
Summary	45	(1)
Exercises	46	(2)
Recognizing Structure and Using Special Structures	48	(13)
Recognizing Structure	48	(5)
Two Special Structures	53	(1)
The Case Structure	54	(1)
The Do Until Loop	55	(2)
Terms and Concepts	57	(1)
Summary	57	(1)
Exercises	58	(3)
Modules Hierarchy Charts, and Documentation	61	(30)
Using Modules	62	(15)
Modules, Subroutines, Procedures, Functions, or Methods	62	(1)
Modularization provides abstraction	62	(1)
Modularization allows multiple programmers to work on a problem	63	(1)
Modularization allows you to reuse your work	64	(1)
Modularization allows you to identify structures more easily	64	(2)
Modularizing a program	66	(3)
Modules Calling Other Modules	69	(2)
Declaring Variables	71	(1)
Creating Hierarchy Charts	72	(2)
Terms and Concepts	74	(1)
Summary	74	(1)
Exercises	75	(2)
Documentation	77	(14)
Understanding Documentation	77	(1)
Output Documentation	78	(5)
Input Documentation	83	(4)
Completing the Documentation	87	(1)
Terms and Concepts	88	(1)
Summary	88	(1)
Exercises	89	(2)
Writing a Complete Program	91	(22)
The Structure of Procedural Programs and Initialization Tasks	92	(10)
The Logical Flow Through a Program	92	(3)
Housekeeping Tasks	95	(1)
Declaring Variables	95	(5)
Terms and Concepts	100	(1)
Summary	100	(1)
Exercises	101	(1)
Finishing Housekeeping and Writing the Main-Loop and Finish Routines	102	(11)
Other Housekeeping Tasks	102	(1)
Opening Files	102	(1)
Printing Headings	103	(1)
Reading the First Input Record	103	(3)
Writing the Main Loop	106	(3)
Performing End-Of-Job Tasks	109	(1)
Terms and Concepts	110	(1)
Summary	110	(1)
Exercises	111	(2)
Making Decisions	113	(36)
Beginning Decisions: Boolean and And Logic	114	(18)
Evaluating Boolean Expressions to Make Comparisons	114	(2)
Using the Logical Comparison Operators	116	(4)
Understanding And Logic	120	(5)
Writing And Decisions for Efficiency	125	(2)
Combining Decisions in an And Situation	127	(1)
Avoiding Common Errors in an And Situation	128	(1)
Terms and Concepts	129	(1)
Summary	130	(1)
Exercises	130	(2)
Advanced Selections: Or Logic and Decision Tables	132	(17)
Understanding Or Logic	132	(1)
Avoiding Common Errors in an Or Situation	133	(1)
Writing Or Decisions for Efficiency	134	(1)
Combining Decisions in an Or Situation	135	(1)
Using Selections with Ranges	136	(2)
Common Errors Using Range Checks	138	(1)
Using Decision Tables	139	(6)
Terms and Concepts	145	(1)
Summary	145	(1)
Exercises	145	(4)
Looping	149	(26)
Using Loops	150	(11)
The Advantages of Looping	150	(1)
Using a While Loop with a Loop Control Variable	150	(2)
Using a Counter to Control Looping	152	(5)
Looping with a Variable Sentinel Value	157	(1)
Looping by Decrementing	158	(1)
Terms and Concepts	159	(1)
Summary	159	(1)
Exercises	160	(1)
More Loop Techniques	161	(14)
Improving Loop Performance	161	(1)
Using a For Loop	162	(2)
Using the Do Until Loop	164	(2)
Nesting Loops	166	(2)
Using a Loop to Accumulate Totals	168	(4)
Terms and Concepts	172	(1)
Summary	172	(1)
Exercises	173	(2)
Control Breaks	175	(28)
Single-Level Control Breaks	176	(17)
Control Break Logic	176	(1)
Single-Level Control Breaks	177	(5)
Using Control Data Within the Control Break Module	182	(5)
Control Breaks with Totals	187	(4)
Terms and Concepts	191	(1)
Summary	191	(1)
Exercises	191	(2)
Multiple-Level Control Breaks and Page Breaks	193	(10)
Multiple-Level Control Breaks	193	(5)
Page Breaks	198	(3)
Terms and Concepts	201	(1)
Summary	201	(1)
Exercises	201	(2)
Arrays	203	(38)
Using Arrays	204	(20)
Real-Life Arrays	204	(1)
How Arrays Occupy Computer Memory	204	(2)
Using an Array to Replace Nested Decisions	206	(9)
Array Declaration and Initialization	215	(2)
Run-Time and Compile-Time Arrays	217	(2)
Loading an Array from a File	219	(1)
Terms and Concepts	220	(1)
Summary	221	(1)
Exercises	221	(3)
Using Parallel Arrays	224	(17)
Searching for an Exact Match in an Array	224	(2)
Using Parallel Arrays	226	(7)
Searching an Array for a Range Match	233	(3)
Terms and Concepts	236	(1)
Summary	236	(1)
Exercises	236	(5)
Advanced Array Manipulation	241	(32)
Sorts	242	(18)
The Need for Sorting	242	(1)
Using a Bubble Sort	243	(9)
Refining the Bubble Sort by Using a Variable for the Array Size	252	(3)
Refining the Bubble Sort by Reducing Unnecessary Comparisons	255	(1)
Refining the Bubble Sort by Eliminating Unnecessary Passes through the List	256	(2)
Terms and Concepts	258	(1)
Summary	258	(1)
Exercises	259	(1)
Other Sorts	260	(13)
Using an Insertion Sort	260	(1)
Selection Sort	261	(2)
Using Indexed Files	263	(1)
Linked Lists	264	(2)
Using Multidimensional Arrays	266	(4)
Terms and Concepts	270	(1)
Summary	271	(1)
Exercises	272	(1)
Using Menus and Validating Input	273	(34)
Using Menus	274	(21)
Using Interactive Programs	274	(1)
Using a Single-Level Menu	275	(5)
Coding Modules as Black Boxes	280	(5)
Making Improvements to a Menu Program	285	(2)
Using the CASE Structure to Manage a Menu	287	(5)
Terms and Concepts	292	(1)
Summary	292	(1)
Exercises	293	(2)
Multilevel Menus and Validating Input	295	(12)
Using Multilevel Menus	295	(5)
Validating Input	300	(2)
Types of Data Validation	302	(2)
Validating Presence of Data	304	(1)
Terms and Concepts	304	(1)
Summary	304	(1)
Exercises	305	(2)
Sequential File Merging, Matching, and Updating	307	(32)
Sequential File Merging	308	(13)
Examining Sequential Data Files to Use in a Merge Program	308	(2)
Creating the Mainline and Housekeeping Logic for a Merge Program	310	(3)
Creating the Main-Loop and Finish-Up for a Merge Program	313	(4)
Modifying the Housekeeping Module to Check for EOF	317	(2)
Terms and Concepts	319	(1)
Summary	319	(1)
Exercises	320	(1)
File Matching and Updating	321	(18)
Master and Transaction File Processing	321	(1)
Matching Files to Update Fields in Master File Records	322	(5)
Allowing Multiple Transactions for a Single Master File Record	327	(1)
Updating Records in Sequential Files	328	(8)
Terms and Concepts	336	(1)
Summary	336	(1)
Exercises	337	(2)
Advanced Modularization Techniques and Object-Oriented Programming	339	(28)
Advanced Modularization Techniques	340	(16)
Principles of Modularization and Abstraction in Procedural Programs	340	(5)
Passing Variables to Modules	345	(4)
Returning a Value from a Module	349	(2)
Using an IPO Chart	351	(1)
The Advantages of Encapsulation	351	(2)
Terms and Concepts	353	(1)
Summary	353	(1)
Exercises	354	(2)
Object-Oriented Programming	356	(11)
An Overview of Object-Oriented Programming	356	(2)
Defining Classes	358	(2)
Instantiating and Using Objects	360	(1)
Inheritance	360	(2)
Polymorphism	362	(2)
The Advantages of Object-Oriented Programming	364	(1)
Terms and Concepts	365	(1)
Summary	365	(1)
Exercises	366	(1)
Programming Graphical User Interfaces	367	(20)
Event-Driven Programming Using Components of Graphical User Interfaces	368	(8)
Event-Driven Programming	368	(2)
User-Initiated Actions and GUI Components	370	(2)
Designing Graphical User Interfaces	372	(1)
The Interface Should Be Natural and Predictable	372	(1)
The Interface Should Be Attractive, Easy to Read, and Nondistracting	372	(1)
To Some Extent, It's Helpful If Your Applications Can Be Customized by the User	373	(1)
The Program Should be Forgiving	373	(1)
The GUI Is Only an Interface	373	(1)
Attributes of GUI Components	374	(1)
Terms and Concepts	374	(1)
Summary	374	(1)
Exercises	375	(1)
Developing an Event-Driven Application and Handling Exceptions	376	(11)
The Steps to Developing an Event-Driven Application	376	(1)
Understanding the Problem	377	(1)
Creating Storyboards	377	(1)
Defining the Objects in an Object Dictionary	378	(1)
Defining the Connections Between the User Screens	379	(1)
Planning the Logic	380	(1)
Object-Oriented Error Handling: Throwing Exceptions	381	(4)
Terms and Concepts	385	(1)
Summary	385	(1)
Exercises	386	(1)
Program Design	387	(16)
Program Design Issues	388	(5)
The Need for Good Design	388	(1)
Storing Program Components in Separate Files	388	(2)
Selecting Variable and Module Names	390	(2)
Terms and Concepts	392	(1)
Exercises	392	(1)
Coupling and Cohesion	393	(10)
Organizing Modules	393	(1)
Reducing Coupling	393	(3)
Increasing Cohesion	396	(1)
Functional Cohesion	396	(1)
Sequential Cohension	397	(1)
Communicational Cohesion	398	(1)
Temporal, Procedural, Logical, and Coincidental Cohesion	399	(1)
Maintaining Good Programming Habits	400	(1)
Terms and Concepts	400	(1)
Summary	401	(1)
Exercises	402	(1)
appendix a A Difficult Structuring Problem	403	(12)
appendix b Using a Large Decision Table	415	(7)
index	422