A Guide to Psychiatric Services in Schools: Understanding Roles, Treatment, and Collaboration

by Brent; Shawna

• ISBN13: 9780415871020
• ISBN10: 0415871026
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2012-01-20
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

In order to meet the special educational needs of students with psychiatric diagnoses, school mental health professionals and educators need a better understanding of these diagnoses and the medications used to treat them. Effective communication with physicians is also crucial to delivering comprehensive care; a dialogue between psychiatrists and school professionals not only helps both parties in their treatments, but also greatly benefits the student. The purpose of this text is to provide the practical information to school professionals that is necessary to meet the educational and treatment needs of students with different psychiatric diagnoses.The text begins with the necessary background information on the process and content of psychiatric evaluations and formulations, as well as a discussion of the roles psychiatry has in the counseling and education of students. A brief introduction to pharmacology to help the reader understand the specifics of psychiatric medications used is also included. Next, a variety of psychiatric diagnoses and treatment options are discussed in detail; those covered include behavioral, mood, anxiety, eating, psychotic, and Autism Spectrum disorders. Where appropriate, other methods of treatment, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, are discussed. Finally, the author considers ways to effectively manage mental health crises in the school setting.An accompanying CD will contain rating forms for school professionals to complete to assess symptoms of externalizing and internalizing behavior disorders; examples include the Conner Teacher Rating Scales, Child Depression Inventory, anxiety rating scales, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale. Also on this CD will be medication information handouts for each class of medication, designed specifically for school counselors and psychologists.

Author Biography

Shawna S. Brent, MD, is a Board Certified Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist who has been in practice for 10 years. She currently provides psychiatric consultation directly in a public school Therapeutic Emotional Support Classroom and in a local Intermediate Unit.

Table of Contents

Series Editors' Foreword	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Introduction to Psychiatry in Schools	p. 1
Clinical Case: Erin	p. 1
Importance of Psychiatry in Schools	p. 10
Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists' Contributions to the Educational Team	p. 10
Clinical Case: Kayla	p. 12
Psychiatric Evaluation and Formulation	p. 19
Psychiatrist: Background Information	p. 19
Psychiatric Evaluation: Reasons	p. 20
Psychiatric Standardization: DSM-IV-TR	p. 21
Psychiatric Evaluation	p. 23
Psychiatric Evaluation Report	p. 28
Psychiatric Evaluation: Summary	p. 36
Psychiatric Roles	p. 37
The Psychiatrist as a Consultant	p. 37
Psychiatric Consultation: Potential Roles	p. 38
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Recommendations	p. 39
Psychiatric Evaluations for a School System	p. 42
Direct Service to Identified Students	p. 48
Psychiatric Roles: Summary	p. 55
Psychopharmacology	p. 57
General Principles of Psychopharmacology	p. 57
Neuroanatomy	p. 58
Neurotransmitters	p. 59
Principles Related to Mechanisms of Action	p. 60
Legal and Ethical Issues of Medication	p. 62
Antidepressants	p. 62
Mood Stabilizers	p. 64
Antipsychotics	p. 65
Stimulants	p. 66
Alternative Classes of Medication	p. 68
Preparing to Take Medication	p. 69
Psychotropic Medications in the School Setting	p. 70
Psychopharmacology: Summary	p. 72
Disruptive Behavior Disorders	p. 73
Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Introduction	p. 73
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder	p. 74
Oppositional Defiant Disorder	p. 85
Conduct Disorder	p. 89
Mood Disorders	p. 95
Depressive Disorders	p. 95
Bipolar Disorder	p. 106
Mood Disorders: Educational Implications	p. 115
Mood Disorders: Summary	p. 115
Anxiety Disorders	p. 117
Anxiety Disorders: Introduction	p. 117
Generalized Anxiety Disorder	p. 118
Separation Anxiety Disorder	p. 119
Social Phobia	p. 120
Specific Phobia	p. 121
Panic Disorder	p. 122
Anxiety Disorders	p. 122
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder	p. 128
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder	p. 132
Anxiety Disorders: Educational Implications	p. 137
Anxiety Disorders: Summary	p. 138
Psychotic Disorders	p. 139
Psychosis: Defined	p. 139
Schizophreniform Disorder and Schizophrenia	p. 140
Major Depression With Psychotic Features	p. 150
Bipolar Disorder With Psychotic Features	p. 151
Other Psychotic Disorders	p. 154
Psychotic Disorders: Educational Implications	p. 155
Psychotic Disorders: Summary	p. 157
Eating Disorders	p. 159
Eating Disorders: Background	p. 159
Anorexia Nervosa	p. 160
Bulimia Nervosa	p. 169
Binge Eating Disorder	p. 176
Eating Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified: Overview	p. 177
Eating Disorders: Educational Implications	p. 177
Eating Disorders: Summary	p. 178
Pervasive Developmental Disorders	p. 179
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Background	p. 179
Autistic Disorder	p. 181
Asperger's Disorder	p. 189
Pervasive Developmental Disorder, NOS	p. 194
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Educational Implications	p. 198
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Summary	p. 200
Treating Target Symptoms	p. 201
Background Information	p. 201
Aggressive Behavior	p. 203
Self-Injurious Behavior	p. 207
Impulsivity	p. 209
Insomnia	p. 213
Affective Instability	p. 215
Treating Target Symptoms: Educational Implications	p. 219
Treating Target Symptoms: Summary	p. 220
Medicating Children	p. 221
Psychiatric Care	p. 222
Choice of Initial Medication	p. 226
Psychiatric Care: Follow-up Visits for Medication	p. 227
Medication Treatment	p. 231
Coordination With Schools	p. 239
Medicating Children: Summary	p. 240
Mental Health Crises	p. 241
Mental Health Crisis: Background	p. 241
Suicide Assessment: Background	p. 241
Suicidal Statements	p. 243
Homicidal Statements	p. 247
Self-Injurious Behavior	p. 252
Physical Aggression	p. 254
Disclosure of Abuse	p. 258
Summary of Managing Crisis Situations	p. 260
References	p. 263
Index	p. 275
CD Contents	p. 297
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