Guide to Tcp/Ip

by Chappell,Laura

• ISBN13: 9780619186548
• ISBN10: 0619186542
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-01-13
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This text provides a comprehensive, hands-on look at TCP/IP. It includes coverage of the latest TCP/IP stack implementations on Windows 2000, as well as coverage of Ipv6 and SMTP. Practice skills as they are learned with extensive hands-on projects, in-depth case projects, and review questions in each chapter. Accompanying CD-ROM contains a demo version of EtherPeek protocol analyzer software and sample protocol traces, giving users direct hands-on practice diagnosing protocol traces.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Introducing TCP/IP	1	(52)
What is TCP/IP?	2	(1)
The Origins and History of TCP/IP	2	(5)
TCP/IP's Design Goals	2	(1)
A TCP/IP Chronology	3	(2)
Who ``Owns'' TCP/IP?	5	(2)
TCP/IP Standards and RFCs	7	(1)
OSI Network Reference Model Overview	8	(7)
Models Break Networking into Layers	8	(2)
The ISO/OSI Network Reference Model	10	(1)
How Protocol Layers Behave	10	(5)
The TCP/IP Networking Model	15	(5)
TCP/IP Network Access Layer	16	(1)
TCP/IP Network Access Layer Protocols	17	(1)
TCP/IP Internet Layer Functions	17	(1)
Internet Layer Protocols	18	(1)
TCP/IP Transport Layer Functions	19	(1)
TCP/IP Transport Layer Protocols	19	(1)
TCP/IP Application Layer	19	(1)
TCP/IP Protocols, Services, Sockets, and Ports	20	(3)
TCP/IP Protocol Numbers	21	(1)
TCP/IP Port Numbers	22	(1)
TCP/IP Sockets	23	(1)
Data Encapsulation in TCP/IP	23	(1)
About Protocol Analysis	24	(6)
Useful Roles for Protocol Analysis	24	(1)
Protocol Analyzer Elements	25	(4)
Placing a Protocol Analyzer on a Network	29	(1)
Chapter Summary	30	(2)
Key Terms	32	(11)
Review Questions	43	(5)
Hands-on Projects	48	(4)
Case Projects	52	(1)
IP Addressing and Related Topics	53	(46)
IP Addressing Basics	54	(2)
Anatomy of an IP Address	56	(1)
IP Address Classes	56	(4)
More About Class A Addresses	57	(1)
More About Class B Addresses	58	(1)
More About Class C Addresses	59	(1)
More About Address Classes D and E	60	(1)
Network, Broadcast, Multicast, and Other Special IP Addresses	60	(4)
Broadcast Packet Structures	61	(1)
Multicast Packet and Address Structures	62	(2)
The Vanishing IP Address Space	64	(2)
Understanding Basic Binary Arithmetic	66	(3)
Converting Decimal to Binary	66	(2)
Converting Binary to Decimal	68	(1)
High-order Bit Patterns	68	(1)
Low-order Bit Patterns	68	(1)
Of IP Networks, Subnets, and Masks	69	(6)
IP Subnets and Supernets	70	(5)
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)	75	(2)
Public Versus Private IP Addresses	77	(2)
Managing Access to IP Address Information	79	(1)
Obtaining Public IP Addresses	80	(1)
IP Addressing Schemes	80	(3)
The Network Space	80	(2)
The Host Space	82	(1)
Chapter Summary	83	(1)
Key Terms	84	(4)
Review Questions	88	(4)
Hands-on Projects	92	(3)
Case Projects	95	(4)
Data Link and Network Layer TCP/IP Protocols	99	(62)
Data Link Protocols	100	(5)
The Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)	101	(1)
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)	102	(2)
Special Handling for PPP Links	104	(1)
Frame Types	105	(11)
Ethernet Frame Types	105	(7)
Token Ring Frame Types	112	(4)
Hardware Addresses in the IP Environment	116	(9)
ARP Packet Fields and Functions	119	(3)
ARP Cache	122	(2)
Proxy ARP	124	(1)
Reverse ARP (RARP)	125	(1)
Network Layer Protocols	125	(1)
About Internet Protocol (IP)	126	(4)
Sending IP Datagrams	126	(1)
Route Resolution Process	127	(3)
Lifetime of an IP Datagram	130	(1)
Fragmentation and Reassembly	131	(4)
Service Delivery Options	135	(2)
Precedence	135	(1)
Type of Service (TOS)	135	(2)
IP Header Fields and Functions	137	(6)
Version Field	137	(1)
Header Length Field	137	(1)
Type of Service Field	137	(2)
Total Length Field	139	(1)
Identification Field	140	(1)
Flags Field	140	(1)
Fragment Offset Field	141	(1)
Time to Live (TTL) Field	141	(1)
Protocol Field	141	(1)
Header Checksum Field	142	(1)
Source Address Field	142	(1)
Destination Address Field	142	(1)
Options Fields	142	(1)
Chapter Summary	143	(2)
Key Terms	145	(6)
Review Questions	151	(4)
Hands-on Projects	155	(4)
Case Projects	159	(2)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)	161	(50)
About the Internet Control Message Protocol	162	(2)
Overview of ICMP and RFC 792	162	(1)
ICMP's Vital Roles on IP Networks	163	(1)
Testing and Troubleshooting Sequences for ICMP	164	(12)
Connectivity Testing with PING	164	(2)
Path Discovery with TRACEROUTE	166	(2)
Path Discovery with PATHPING	168	(1)
Path MTU Discovery with ICMP	168	(3)
Routing Sequences for ICMP	171	(4)
Security Issues for ICMP	175	(1)
ICMP Packet Fields and Functions	176	(21)
Constant ICMP Fields	177	(3)
The Varying ICMP Structures and Functions	180	(17)
Chapter Summary	197	(1)
Key Terms	198	(4)
Review Questions	202	(4)
Hands-on Projects	206	(4)
Case Projects	210	(1)
Transport Layer TCP/IP Protocols	211	(42)
Understanding Connectionless Transport Protocols	212	(1)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)	213	(6)
UDP Header Fields and Functions	214	(4)
UDP Port Numbers and Processes	218	(1)
Understanding Connection-Oriented Protocols	219	(1)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)	219	(21)
TCP Startup Connection Process (TCP Handshake)	221	(4)
TCP Keep-Alive Process	225	(1)
TCP Connection Termination	226	(2)
TCP Sequence and Acknowledgment Process	228	(2)
TCP Error-Detection and Error-Recovery Process	230	(2)
TCP Congestion Control	232	(2)
TCP Sliding Window	234	(1)
TCP Header Fields and Functions	235	(5)
Common and Appropriate Uses for TCP and UDP	240	(2)
Chapter Summary	242	(1)
Key Terms	242	(3)
Review Questions	245	(4)
Hands-on Projects	249	(2)
Case Projects	251	(2)
Basic TCP/IP Services	253	(44)
How Upper-layer IP Protocols Work and Behave	254	(2)
Understanding FTP	256	(6)
FTP Elements	256	(3)
Sample FTP Communications	259	(3)
Understanding Telnet	262	(4)
Telnet Elements	262	(2)
Sample Telnet Communications	264	(2)
Understanding SMTP	266	(5)
SMTP Elements	267	(2)
Sample SMTP Communications	269	(2)
Understanding HTTP	271	(5)
HTTP Elements	271	(3)
Sample HTTP Communications	274	(2)
Other Common IP-based Services	276	(5)
Echo	277	(1)
Quote of the Day (QOD)	277	(1)
Character Generator (Chargen)	277	(1)
Windows 2000 and Simple TCP/IP Utilities	277	(1)
Whois	278	(1)
TFTP	278	(1)
Finger	279	(1)
Remote Procedure Call (RPC)	279	(1)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)	280	(1)
NetBIOS Over TCP/IP	280	(1)
Decoding Upper-layer Protocols	281	(2)
Chapter Summary	283	(1)
Key Terms	284	(3)
Review Questions	287	(4)
Hands-on Projects	291	(5)
Case Projects	296	(1)
Domain Name System (DNS)	297	(48)
DNS History and Background	298	(7)
DNS Database Structure	299	(2)
A DNS Overview	301	(1)
DNS Database Records	301	(1)
Delegating DNS Authority	302	(1)
Types of DNS Servers	303	(1)
The Client Side of DNS	304	(1)
How Domain Name Servers Work	305	(2)
DNS Root-level Servers	305	(2)
The Importance of DNS Caching	307	(1)
DNS Configuration Files and Resource Record Formats	308	(6)
Start of Authority (SOA) Record	309	(1)
Address and Alias Records	310	(1)
Mapping Addresses to Names	311	(1)
Handling the Loopback Address	312	(1)
Obtaining and Storing Root Server Data	312	(2)
The NSLOOKUP Command	314	(3)
NSLOOKUP Details	315	(1)
Using NSLOOKUP	315	(2)
DNS Query/Response Packet Formats	317	(7)
DNS Implementation	324	(1)
The Trouble with DNS	325	(2)
Chapter Summary	327	(1)
Key Terms	328	(4)
Review Questions	332	(4)
Hands-on Projects	336	(7)
Case Projects	343	(2)
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)	345	(36)
Introducing DHCP	346	(5)
DHCP's Origins	348	(1)
DHCP Software Elements	348	(1)
DHCP Lease Types	349	(1)
More About DHCP Leases	350	(1)
Understanding IP Address Management with DHCP	351	(1)
The Standard Address Discovery Process	351	(7)
The Discover Packet	352	(2)
The Offer Packet	354	(1)
The Request Packet	355	(2)
The Acknowledgment Packet	357	(1)
The Address Renewal Process	358	(2)
The Renewal Time (T1)	358	(1)
The Rebinding Time (T2)	358	(2)
The DHCP Address Release Process	360	(1)
DHCP Packet Structures	360	(6)
DHCP Options Fields	362	(4)
Broadcast and Unicast in DHCP	366	(1)
DHCP Relay Agents	367	(1)
Microsoft DHCP Scopes and Classes	368	(1)
The Future of DHCP	369	(1)
Troubleshooting DHCP	369	(1)
Chapter Summary	370	(1)
Key Terms	370	(3)
Review Questions	373	(5)
Hands-on Projects	378	(2)
Case Projects	380	(1)
Securing TCP/IP Environments	381	(54)
Understanding Computer and Network Security	382	(8)
The Three Legs of Network Security	382	(1)
Understanding Typical IP Attacks, Exploits, and Break-ins	383	(2)
Common Types of IP-Related Attacks	385	(1)
What IP Services Are Most Vulnerable?	386	(1)
Of Holes, Back Doors, and Other Illicit Points of Entry	387	(2)
Principles of IP Security	389	(1)
Common IP Points of Attack	390	(11)
Viruses, Worms, and Trojan Horse Programs	390	(2)
Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks	392	(2)
Distributed Denial of Service Attacks (DDoS)	394	(1)
Buffer Overflows	395	(1)
Spoofing	395	(1)
TCP Session Hijacking	396	(1)
The Anatomy of IP Attacks	397	(2)
Network Sniffing	399	(2)
Fixing IP Security Problems	401	(16)
The Importance of Patches and Fixes	401	(1)
Knowing Which Ports to Block	402	(1)
Recognizing Attack Signatures	402	(3)
IP Security	405	(1)
About Firewalls, Proxy Servers, and Other Boundary Devices	405	(10)
Windows 2000: Another Generation of Network Security	415	(1)
Updating Anti-Virus Engines and Virus Lists	416	(1)
Testing Your Network	417	(1)
Chapter Summary	418	(2)
Key Terms	420	(5)
Review Questions	425	(5)
Hands-on Projects	430	(3)
Case Projects	433	(2)
Routing in the IP Environment	435	(40)
Understanding Routing	436	(7)
Distance Vector Routing Protocols	439	(2)
Link-State Routing Protocols	441	(2)
Routing Characteristics	443	(5)
Route Convergence	443	(1)
Split Horizon	443	(1)
Poison Reverse	444	(1)
Time to Live (TTL)	444	(1)
Multicast Versus Broadcast Update Behavior	445	(1)
ICMP Router Advertisements	445	(1)
Black Holes	445	(1)
Areas, Autonomous Systems, and Border Routers	446	(2)
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)	448	(8)
RIP	448	(3)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)	451	(5)
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)	456	(1)
Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs)	456	(1)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)	457	(1)
Managing Routing on an In-House Internetwork	457	(1)
Hybrid Networks	458	(1)
Routing On and Off a Wide Area Network	459	(2)
Several Small Offices	459	(1)
Hub and Spoke	459	(1)
Multiprotocol	460	(1)
Mobile Users	460	(1)
Routing To and From the Internet	461	(1)
Securing Routers and Routing Behavior	462	(1)
Troubleshooting IP Routing	463	(1)
Chapter Summary	463	(1)
Key Terms	464	(3)
Review Questions	467	(4)
Hands-on Projects	471	(2)
Case Projects	473	(2)
Monitoring and Managing Ip Networks	475	(34)
Understanding Network Management Practices and Principle	476	(6)
Network Management Architectures	476	(2)
OSI Network Management Model	478	(1)
Practical Network Management	479	(1)
In-band Versus Out-of-band Management	480	(2)
Understanding SNMP	482	(9)
Management Information Base (MIB) Objects	483	(5)
SNMP Agents	488	(1)
SNMP Managers	488	(1)
SNMP Messages	488	(2)
SNMP Security	490	(1)
Installing and Configuring SNMP Agents and Consoles	491	(3)
Agent Configuration	492	(1)
Console Installation	493	(1)
Console Configuration	494	(1)
SNMP Consoles, Tools, Utilities, and Key Files	494	(1)
Integrating SNMP With Other Management Environments	495	(1)
Troubleshooting SNMP	496	(1)
Chapter Summary	496	(2)
Key Terms	498	(2)
Review Questions	500	(5)
Hands-on Projects	505	(2)
Case Projects	507	(2)
TCP/IP, NetBIOS, And WINS	509	(46)
What is NetBIOS (and Why Do I Care)?	510	(1)
Historic Limitations of NetBIOS	510	(1)
NetBIOS in Windows 2000	511	(6)
NetBIOS in Perspective	512	(2)
What is NetBIOS Used For?	514	(1)
How Does NetBIOS Work?	514	(3)
NetBIOS Names	517	(1)
Structure of NetBIOS Names	517	(1)
NetBIOS Name Types and Suffixes	518	(1)
NetBIOS Scope Identifier	518	(1)
NetBIOS Name Registration and Resolution	518	(7)
Name Resolution Regimes by Node Type	520	(1)
NetBIOS Name Cache and LMHOSTS File	521	(1)
WINS Name Registration and Resolution	522	(2)
DNS and the HOSTS File	524	(1)
NetBIOS Over TCP/IP	525	(3)
NetBIOS Names and IP Names	526	(2)
WINS Servers	528	(7)
How WINS Works	528	(1)
Different WINS Configurations	529	(6)
Troubleshooting WINS and NetBIOS	535	(4)
Tools for Troubleshooting NetBIOS and WINS Problems	536	(2)
Typical Errors in NetBIOS and WINS	538	(1)
Chapter Summary	539	(1)
Key Terms	539	(2)
Review Questions	541	(4)
Hands-on Projects	545	(7)
Case Projects	552	(3)
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)	555	(1)
Why Create a New Version of IP?	556	(1)
The IPv6 Address Space	557	(1)
Address Format and Allocations	557	(3)
Address Types	560	(6)
Address Allocations	566	(2)
Routing Considerations	568	(1)
Neighbor Discovery and Router Advertisement	568	(2)
Path MTU Discovery and Changes in Fragmentation	570	(1)
IPv6 Packet Formats	570	(1)
Basic IPv6 Header Format	571	(4)
Extension Headers	575	(6)
New and Enhanced IPv6 Features	581	(1)
Autoconfiguration	581	(7)
Security	584	(4)
Quality of Service (QoS)	588	(2)
Mobile Users	590	(3)
Transition: Coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6	593	(1)
Dual Stack Approach	594	(1)
Tunneling Through the IPv4 Cloud	594	(1)
Native IPv6	595	(1)
Chapter Summary	595	(1)
Key Terms	596	(5)
Review Questions	601	(5)
Hands-on Projects	606	(2)
Case Projects	608