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the Human Record, Volume 1, Third Edition,9780395870877

the Human Record, Volume 1, Third Edition

by ANDREA

Edition:

3rd

ISBN13:

9780395870877

ISBN10:

0395870879

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

2/18/1998

Publisher(s):

Wadsworth Publishing

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Human Record to 1700 Vol. 1 : Sources of Global History
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The Human Record Sources of Global History, Volume I: To 1500

Table of Contents

Geographic Contents

xiii

Topical Contents

xvii

Preface

xxvii

Prologue: Primary Sources and How We Read Them

P-1

What Is History?

P-1

Primary Sources: Their Value and Limitations

P-2

Examining The Sources

P-4

You And The Source

P-6

``With the Royal Standard Unfurled''

Christopher Columbus, A Letter Concerning Recently Discovered Islands

P-8

Interpreting Columbus's Letter

P-15

Unwritten Sources

P-19

An Anonymous Woodcut of 1511

P-19

Interpreting the Woodcut

P-21

Part One The Ancient World

1

(174)

The First Civilizations

5

(36)

Mesopotamia: The Land Of Two Rivers

6

(11)

The Search for Eternal Life in Mesopotamia

The Epic of Gilgamesh

7

(5)

Bringing Order to an Uncertain World

The Judgments of Hammurabi

12

(5)

Egypt: The Land Of Two Lands

17

(8)

The Search for Eternal Life in Egypt

Three Funerary Documents

18

(4)

Making a Living in Ancient Egypt

A Scribal Exercise Book

22

(3)

China: The Land Of The Yellow River

25

(6)

The Mandate of Heaven

The Classic of History

26

(3)

Courtship and Marriage in Ancient China

The Classic of Odes

29

(2)

Mute Testimony

31

(10)

Bringing in the Sheaves

A Tassili Rock Painting

31

(2)

Cultural Impressions

Indus, Mesopotamian, and Cretan Seals

33

(3)

Sacred Kingship along the Nile

Two Temple Reliefs

36

(2)

The Were-Jaguar

Four Olmec Statuettes

38

(3)

New Peoples

41

(22)

The Indo-Europeans

42

(10)

Life, Death, and the Gods in Aryan India

The Rig Veda

43

(4)

A Journey to the Underworld

The Odyssey

47

(5)

Homer

The Hebrews And Their Neighbors

52

(11)

Establishing a Covenant with Humanity

The Book of Genesis

53

(4)

Establishing a Covenant with the Chosen People

The Book of Deuteronomy

57

(3)

Keeping and Breaking the Covenant

The Book of Judges

60

(3)

Transcendental Reality: Developing the Spiritual Traditions of India and Southwest Asia: 800--200 B.C.E.

63

(27)

The Emergence of Brahminical Hinduism

65

(6)

The Hindu Search for Divine Reality

The Upanishads

66

(2)

Dharma: The Imperative of Caste Law

The Bhagavad Gita

68

(3)

Challengers of Caste: The Mahavira And The Buddha

71

(12)

A Call to the Heroic Life

The Book of Good Conduct

72

(2)

The Path to Enlightenment

The Buddha, Two Lessons

74

(5)

Admitting Women to the Mendicant Life

The Discipline Basket

79

(4)

Persians, Israelites, And Their Gods

83

(7)

The Fight between Good and Evil

Gathas

83

(3)

Zarathustra

A New Covenant for All Peoples

The Book of Isaiah

86

(4)

The Secular Made Sacred: Developing the Humanistic Traditions of China and Hellas: 600--200 B.C.E.

90

(34)

China: Three Ways of Thought

91

(13)

Daoism: The Way That Is and Is Not

The Classic of the Way and Virtue

93

(3)

Laozi

Confucianism: The Way of the Superior Man

The Analects

96

(4)

Confucius

Legalism: The Way of the State

The Writings of Master Han Fei

100

(1)

Han Fei

The Legalist Policies of Qin

The Records of the Grand Historian

101

(3)

Sima Qian

Hellenic Civilization: A Rational Inquiry Into Life

104

(20)

The Science of Medicine

On the Sacred Disease

106

(2)

Hippocrates

The Athenian as Citizen

The History of the Peloponnesian War

108

(6)

Thucydides

An Inquiry into the Horrors of War

The Women of Troy

114

(5)

Euripides

Socrates and the Laws of Athens

Crito

119

(5)

Plato

Regional Empires and Afro-Eurasian Interchange: 300 B.C.E.--500 C.E.

124

(51)

The Greco-Roman World

126

(14)

Images of the Hellenistic World

Four Hellenistic Status

127

(4)

The World According to Strabo

Geography

131

(3)

Strabo

The Blessings of the Roman Peace

The Roman Oration

134

(3)

Aelius Aristides

Isis: The Goddess Who Saves

Metamorphoses

137

(3)

Lucius Apuleius

Han China

140

(9)

Establishing an Imperial

Confucian Academy

The Records of the Grand Historian

141

(4)

Sima Qian

The Views of a Female Confucian

Lessons for Women

145

(4)

Ban Zhao

India In The Age Of Empires

149

(13)

The Softening Effects of Dharma

Rock and Pillar Edicts

150

(4)

Asoka

Sacred Law in Classical India

The Laws of Manu

154

(5)

Gupta India as Viewed by Chinese Monk

Travels in India and Ceylon

159

(3)

Faxian

Travel Along The Silk Road

162

(9)

Zhang Qian's Western Expedition

The Records of the Grand Historian

163

(4)

Sima Qian

The Transit of Images along the Silk Road

Four Robed Statues

167

(4)

Travel Across The Indian Ocean

171

(4)

The Transit of the Buddha Image to Funan

A Buddha from Funan

171

(2)

Faxian's Homeward Voyage

Faxian, Travels in India and Ceylon

173

(2)

Part Two Faith, Devotion, and Salvation: Great World Religions to 1500 C.E.

175

(78)

New Developments in Three Ancient Religions

177

(21)

Hinduism: The Way Of Devotion

178

(5)

Destroyer of Sin

Vishnu

The Vishnu Purana

179

(1)

Auspicious Destroyer

Shiva

Shiva Nataraja

180

(3)

Mahayana Buddhism: A Religion Of Infinite Compassion

183

(7)

Perceiver of the World's Sounds: A Universal Bodhisattva

The Lotus Sutra

184

(3)

The Bodhisattva Image

Three Bodhisattvas

187

(3)

Rabbinical Judaism

190

(8)

A Defense of the Law

Against Apion

191

(4)

Flavius Josephus

A Commentary on the Law

The Babylonian Talmud

195

(3)

Christianity: Conquering the World for Christ

198

(25)

The Foundations Of Christianity

199

(6)

Becoming Spiritually Perfect

The Gospel of St. Matthew

200

(2)

The Path to Righteousness:

The Law or Faith?

The Epistle to the Romans

202

(3)

St. Paul

Christianity And The Roman World

205

(11)

Persecution and Deliverance

Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History

206

(5)

The Imperial Religion

Christ the Redeemer

211

(2)

The Origins of Christian Monasticism

The Life of St. Mary the Harlot

213

(3)

St. Ephraem

Religious Exchange And Interchange

216

(7)

Gnostic Christianity: The Secret Knowledge of Jesus

The Gospel of Thomas

216

(3)

Manichaeism: Enlightening the World

The Parable about the World-Ocean

219

(4)

Islam: Universal Submission to God

223

(30)

The Foundations Of Islamic Life

225

(8)

The Word of God

The Qur'an

225

(4)

The Tales of Tradition

Gardens of the Righteous

229

(4)

Imam Nawawi

Variety and Unity In Islam

233

(12)

God's Martyrs: The Party of Ali

Ibn Babawayh al-Saduq, Creed Concerning the Imams

234

(3)

God's Vice-Regent on Earth

Book of the Principles of Government

237

(3)

Abu'l Hasan Ali al-Mawardi

Sufi Mysticism

The Alchemy of Happiness

240

(2)

Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali

An African Pilgrim to Mecca

The Chronicle of the Seeker

242

(3)

Mahmud Kati

Islam And Unbelievers

245

(8)

The Dhimma: A Contract with the People of the Book

The Pact of Umar

245

(2)

The Jewish Community of Twelfth-Century Baghdad

Book of Travels

247

(3)

Benjamin

Fourteenth-Century Hindu Dhimmis

The Deeds of Sultan Firuz Shah

250

(3)

Part Three Continuity, Change, and Interchange: 500--1500

253

(144)

Asia: Change in the Context of Tradition

255

(60)

Japan: Creating A Distinctive Civilization

256

(13)

The Constitution of Prince Shotoku

Chronicles of Japan

257

(3)

An Aristocratic Woman in

Eleventh-Century Japan

Murasaki Shikibu, Diary

260

(4)

The Ideal Samurai

Chronicle of the Grand Pacification

264

(5)

China: The Ages Of Tang And Song

269

(15)

Open to the World: Christianity in Tang China

The Christian Monument

271

(4)

Bishop Adam

Troubles in Late Tang

Poems

275

(2)

Du Fu

The Dao of Agriculture in Song China

The Craft of Farming

277

(3)

Chen Pu

Thirteenth-Century Hangzhou

A Record of Musings on the Eastern Capital

280

(4)

Buddhism In East Asia: Acceptance, Rejection, And Accommodation

284

(7)

A Conflict of Values: Foreign Religions in Late Tang China

Memorial on Buddhism, and Emperor Tang Wuzong, Proclamation Ordering the Destruction of the Buddhist Monasteries

285

(4)

Han Yu

Zen Buddhism in Japan

Dogen, On Life and Death

289

(2)

Southwest Asia: Crossroads Of The Afro-Eurasian World

291

(14)

The Arrival of the Turks

Al-Jahiz, The Merits of the Turks and of the Imperial Army as a Whole

292

(4)

The Arrival of the Franks

The Book of Reflections

296

(4)

Usamah ibn Munqidh

Sinbad's First Voyage

A Thousand and One Arabian Nights

300

(5)

India: Continuity And Change

305

(10)

Islam and Hindu Civilization: Cultures in Conflict

Abu'l Raihan al-Biruni, Description of India

306

(4)

The Perfect Wife

Tales of the Ten Princes

310

(2)

Dandin

A Sati's Sacrifice

Vikrama's Adventures

312

(3)

Two Christian Civilizations: Byzantium and Western Europe

315

(48)

Byzantium and Its Neighbors

317

(14)

Two Imperial Portraits:

Justinian and Theodora

The Mosaics of San Vitale

318

(4)

Emperor Basil II and the Apogee of Byzantine Power

The Chronographia

322

(3)

Michael Psellus.

Economic Regulation

The Book of the Eparch

325

(2)

Bringing Christianity to the Rus'

The Russian

Primary Chronicle

327

(4)

Western Europe: The Emergence Of A New Civilization

331

(24)

Charlemagne: Europe's First Emperor

The Life of Charles the Great

332

(5)

Einhard

A Papal Portrait: Leo III and Charles the Great

A Lateran Palace Mosaic

337

(1)

The Feudal Perspective

The Song of Roland

338

(4)

Bringing Christianity to the Magyars

Letter to St. Stephen of Hungary

342

(3)

Pope Sylvester II

A Conflict of Authorities

Four Documents from the Investiture Controversy

345

(6)

The Merchants of Southampton

Ordinances of the Merchant Guild of Southampton

351

(4)

Byzantium And The West: The Dividing Of Christendom

355

(8)

The West and the First Crusade from a Byzantine Perspective

The Alexiad

356

(3)

Anna Comnena

Byzantium and the Fourth Crusade from a Western Perspective

A Constantinopolitan History

359

(4)

Gunther of Pairis

Africa and the Americas

363

(34)

Africa

365

(15)

The Land of Zanj: Tenth-Century East Africa

Meadows of Gold

366

(4)

Abu'l-Hasan Ali al-Mas'udi

The Land of Ghana: Eleventh-Century Western Sudan

The Book of Routes and Realms

370

(4)

Abu Ubaydallah al-Bakri

The Land of Seyon: Fourteenth-Century Ethiopia

The Glorious Victories of Amda Seyon

374

(4)

A Yoruba Woman of Authority?

Seated Female Figure

378

(2)

The Americas

380

(17)

The God Who Descended from the Mountains

A Moche Ceramic

381

(2)

Taino Culture

Ramon Pane, A Report Concerning the Antiquities of the Indians

383

(6)

Quiche Mayan Gods and Monarchs

The Book of the Community

389

(3)

Governing the Inca Empire

Chronicles

392

(5)

Pedro de Cieza de Leon

Part Four Travel, Encounter, and Exchange: 1000--1700

397

(84)

Adventurers, Merchants, Diplomats, Pilgrims, and Missionaries: A Half Millennium of Travel and Encounter: 1000-1500

399

(46)

Pilgrims And Merchants Before The Mongol Age

401

(1)

The Pilgrimage to Rome

The Marvels of the City of Rome

402

(5)

Benedict of St. Peter

A Jewish Merchant Writes Home

A Letter from the Cairo Geniza

407

(3)

Travel In The Age Of The Pax Mongolica

410

(18)

Mongol Culture

Journey to the Land of the Tartars

410

(5)

William of Rubruck

Another View of Mongol Society

Description of the World

415

(3)

Marco Polo

A European Missionary in China

Letter to the West

418

(5)

John of Monte Corvino

Khmer Society in Chinese Eyes

Recollection of the Customs of Cambodia

423

(3)

Zhou Daguan

Advice for Merchants Traveling to Cathay

The Book of Description of Countries

426

(2)

Francesco Pegolotti

Travel Beyond The Mongol Ecumene

428

(17)

A Moroccan Visitor in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Donation to Those Interested in Curiosities

429

(4)

Ibn Battuta

A European View of the World

Travels

433

(5)

John Mandeville

Zheng He's Western Voyages

The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores

438

(4)

Ma Huan

The Origins of Portugal's Overseas Empire

Chronicle of Guinea

442

(3)

Gomes Ennes de Azurara

Transoceanic Encounters: 1500--1700

445

(36)

Europeans In The Americas

446

(12)

The Battle for Tenochtitlan: An Aztec Perspective

Bernardino de Sahagun, General History of the Things of New Spain

447

(6)

The Mountain of Silver and the Mita System

Compendium and Description of the West Indies

Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa

453

(5)

African Reactions To The European Presence

458

(9)

An African Voice of Protest

Letters to the King of Portugal

459

(3)

Nzinga Mbemba (Afonso I)

Images of the Portuguese in the Art of Benin

A Benin-Portuguese Saltcellar and A Benin Wall Plaque

462

(3)

The Economics of the West African Slave Trade

A Voyage to New Calabar River in the Year 1699

465

(2)

James Barbot

Chinese And Japanese Reactions To The West

467

(8)

The Jesuits in China

Journals

468

(4)

Matteo Ricci

The Seclusion of Japan

Tokugawa Iemitsu, Closed Country Edict of 1635 and Exclusion of the Portuguese, 1639

472

(3)

The Great Mughals And The West

475

(6)

Dealing with the Faringis

Akbarnama

476

(2)

Abul Fazl

Seventeenth-Century Commerce in India

Travels in India

478

(3)

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier

Sources

481

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