The Informed Argument Text A Multidisciplinary Reader and Guide

by Miller, Robert Keith

• ISBN13: 9780155038097
• ISBN10: 0155038095
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1997-07-30
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

The Informed Argument has been designed to ehlp you argue on the behalf of your beliefs so that other people will tale them seriously. Readers and writers learn from considering diverse points of view and deciding how they inform each other. Argument is not about "winning" or "losing;" it is a process devoted to finding solutions about problems. When this process is undertaken honestly, everyone stands to benefit. Thorughout The Informed Argument, specific strategies are given on how to present a well-organized point of view.

Table of Contents

Preface for Students	v
Preface for Instructors	vii
PART 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO ARGUMENT	1	(62)
Choosing a Topic	2	(2)
Defining Your Audience	4	(8)
To Skip or Not to Skip: A Student Dilemma	7	(2)
Karen Rivedal
Absent at What Price?	9	(3)
Karen Rivedal
Defining Your Terms	12	(4)
Homicide	13	(3)
Geoff Rulland
Planning Your Argument	16	(24)
Classical Arrangement	17	(2)
Rogerian Argument	19	(3)
Using Logic	22	(1)
Reasoning Inductively	22	(2)
In Defense of Hunting	24	(7)
David Wagner
Reasoning Deductively	25	(6)
Preparation for Real Life	31	(6)
Kerstin LaPorte
Reasoning by Using the Toulmin Model	35	(2)
History Is for People Who Think	37	(3)
Ron Tackett
Avoiding Logical Fallacies	40	(6)
Appealing to Pity	40	(1)
Appealing to Prejudice	41	(1)
Appealing to Tradition	41	(1)
Arguing by Analogy	41	(1)
Attacking the Character of Opponents	42	(1)
Attributing False Causes	42	(1)
Attributing Guilt by Association	43	(1)
Begging the Question	43	(1)
Equivocating	44	(1)
Ignoring the Question	44	(1)
Jumping to Conclusions	44	(1)
Opposing a Straw Man	44	(1)
Presenting a False Dilemma	45	(1)
Reasoning That Does Not Follow	45	(1)
Sliding Down a Slippery Slope	45	(1)
Understanding Other Forms of Persuasion	46	(17)
Analyzing Advertisements	47	(5)
Recognizing Flaws in Persuasion	52	(1)
Bogus Claims	52	(1)
Loaded Terms	53	(7)
Misrepresentation	60	(3)
PART 2 WORKING WITH SOURCES	63	(30)
Reading Critically	63	(9)
Previewing	64	(1)
How Long Is This Work?	64	(1)
What Can I Learn from the Title?	64	(1)
Do I Know Anything about the Author?	64	(1)
What Do I Know about the Publisher?	65	(1)
Is There Anything Else I Can Discover by Skimming through the Material?	65	(1)
Annotating	66	(2)
Summarizing	68	(2)
Synthesizing	70	(2)
Avoiding Plagiarism	72	(2)
Documenting Your Sources	74	(19)
Parenthetical Documentation: The MLA Author/Work Style	76	(3)
Parenthetical Documentation: The APA Author/Year Style	79	(1)
Organizing a Bibliography	80	(1)
Works Cited in MLA Style	80	(5)
References in APA Style	85	(4)
Numbered Systems	89	(2)
A Checklist for Documentation	91	(2)
PART 3 A GUIDE TO RESEARCH	93	(28)
Getting Started	94	(1)
Avoiding Selective Research	95	(1)
Searching For Magazine and Journal Articles	95	(6)
Searching for Newspaper Articles	101	(2)
Using Abstracting Services	103	(1)
Using the Internet	104	(4)
Looking for Books	108	(4)
Using the Main Catalog	108	(3)
Understanding Classification Systems	111	(1)
Using Other Library Resources	112	(1)
Conducting Interviews and Surveys	113	(1)
Compiling a Preliminary Bibliography	114	(2)
Taking Notes	116	(1)
Organizing a Researched Paper	117	(1)
Writing a Researched Paper	118	(1)
Preparing Your Final Draft	119	(2)
A Checklist for Manuscript Form	120	(1)
PART 4 NEGOTIATING DIFFERENCES	121	(52)
Responses to Public Education	123	(4)
The Case for School Vouchers	123	(2)
Jerome J. Hanus
There's No Escape Clause in the Social Contract	125	(2)
Peter W. Cookson, Jr.
Suggestion for Writing	127	(1)
Responses to Grading	127	(5)
A for Effort	127	(2)
John Leo
A Proposal to Abolish Grading	129	(3)
Paul Goodman
Suggestion for Writing	131	(1)
Responses to Cloning	132	(4)
Study Cloning, Don't Ban It	132	(2)
Daniel J. Kevles
Hello Dolly	134	(2)
Ellen Goodman
Suggestion for Writing	136	(1)
Responses to Physician-Assisted Suicide	136	(8)
Make Mine Hemlock	136	(5)
Ernest Van Den Haag
Rush to a Lethal Judgment	141	(3)
Stephen L. Carter
Suggestion for Writing	144	(1)
Responses to Affirmative Action	144	(13)
Reclaiming the Vision	145	(8)
Constance Horner
Reaffirming Our Actions	153	(4)
Michael Tomasky
Suggestion for Writing	157	(1)
Responses to Public Funding for the Arts	157	(16)
Is the NEA for Everyone? Margaret Spillane	158	(4)
The Velvet Prison and the Closed Academy	162	(11)
Gene Edward Veith
Suggestion for Writing	171	(2)
PART 5 SOURCES FOR ARGUMENT	173	(408)
Gun Control: Triggering A National Controversy	173	(39)
NRA Woman's Voice	173	(3)
Elizabeth J. Swasey
Domestic Disarmament: A Women's Issue?	176	(6)
Ruth Rosen
In the Heat of the Moment	182	(3)
James D. Wright
The NRA Is Right	185	(6)
Josh Sugarmann
Second Defense	191	(4)
Roger Koopman
Second Reading	195	(9)
Daniel D. Polsby
White Man's Law	204	(6)
William R. Tonso
One Student's Assignment: A Summary of William Tonso's ``White Man's Law,''	210	(2)
Sara Jenkins
Suggestions for Writing	211	(1)
Collaborative Project	211	(1)
Immigration: Who Gets to Become an American?	212	(42)
The New Colossus	212	(1)
Emma Lazarus
Gatecrashers	213	(4)
Michael Kinsley
Illegal Immigration: How to Turn the Tide	217	(2)
Gary S. Becker
A Nation of Immigrants	219	(5)
Peter Brimelow
Making It Big in America	224	(6)
Denise Topolnicki
The New Economics of Immigration	230	(11)
George J. Borjas
The INS Mess	241	(8)
Weston Kosova
One Student's Assignment: Another Look at the Economics of Immigration	249	(5)
Janelle Anderson
Christopher J. Lovrien
Suggestions for Writing	252	(1)
Collaborative Project	253	(1)
Same-Gender Marriage: What Is A Family?	254	(34)
Why Can't We Get Married?	254	(3)
Lisa Bennett
Gay Marriage, an Oxymoron	257	(2)
Lisa Schiffren
Simple Equality	259	(2)
Andrew Sullivan
An Honorable Estate	261	(3)
William J. Bennett
Wedded to an Illusion	264	(10)
Fenton Johnson
Accepting Limits	274	(4)
Jean Bethke Elshtain
A Case for Gay Marriage	278	(6)
Brent Hartinger
One Student's Assignment: Speak Now or Forever Hold the Past	284	(4)
Dana Simonson
Suggestions for Writing	286	(1)
Collaborative Project	287	(1)
Sexual Harassment: Defining the Boundaries	288	(73)
Sexual Harassment: What to Do?	288	(6)
Anne B. Fisher
Bared Buttocks and Federal Cases	294	(7)
Ellen Frankel Paul
Marriage and Patronage in the Empowerment and Disempowerment of African American Women	301	(17)
Anita Faye Hill
Man Handling	318	(3)
Harsh Luthar
Anthony Townsend
Gender Dilemmas in Sexual Harassment Policies and Procedures	321	(19)
Stephanie Riger
Title VII as Censorship: Hostile-Environment Harassment and the First Amendment	340	(17)
Kingsley R. Browne
One Student's Assignment: What Managers Need to Know: A Synthesis of Arguments Concerning Sexual Harassment in the Workplace	357	(4)
Jessica Cozzens
Suggestions for Writing	360	(1)
Collaborative Project	360	(1)
Surfing the Web: Who Controls Information?	361	(89)
The Rights of Kids in the Digital Age	361	(12)
Jon Katz
Free or Fettered?	373	(12)
Paul F. Burton
Welcome to Cyberbia	385	(9)
May Kadi
BigBrother@cyberspace	394	(11)
Erik Ness
Pornography on the Internet	405	(5)
Nancy Willard
The Effect of Applying Current Anti-Obscenity Laws to Online Communications	410	(35)
Robert F. Goldman
One Student's Assgnment: Regulation of the Internet	445	(5)
B. J. Nodzon
Suggestions for Writing	448	(1)
Collaborative Project	449	(1)
Culture and Curriculum: What Should Students be Taught?	450	(58)
Multiculturalism: Myths and Realities	450	(9)
Hugh B. Price
An Educated and Culturally Literate Person Must Study America's Multicultural Reality	459	(4)
Ronald Takaki
What Is Multicultural Education?	463	(7)
Christine E. Sleeter
The Visigoths in Tweed	470	(10)
Dinesh D'Souza
Multicultural Education and Feminist Ethics	480	(13)
Marilyn Friedman
The Value of the Canon	493	(12)
Irving Howe
One Student's Assignment: The Great Conversation	505	(3)
Alicia Fedorczak
Suggestions for Writing	507	(1)
Collaborative Project	507	(1)
National Parks: What Is Their Future?	508	(73)
It's Time to Privatize	508	(5)
Terry L. Anderson
They're Not for Sale	513	(4)
Melanie Griffin
Promises, Promises	517	(6)
William R. Lowry
Reinventing Nature	523	(17)
Kenneth R. Olwig
The Trouble with Wilderness	540	(22)
William Cronon
Missing Links	562	(9)
Dave Foreman
A Report from the General Accounting Office	571	(5)
James Duffus
One Student's Assignment: Preserving Our Parks	576	(5)
Amy Karlen
Suggestions for Writing	579	(1)
Collaborative Project	580	(1)
PART 6 SOME CLASSIC ARGUMENTS	581	(110)
The Allegory of the Cave	581	(7)
Plato
Should Princes Tell the Truth?	588	(3)
Niccolo Machiavelli
To His Coy Mistress	591	(2)
Andrew Marvell
A Modest Proposal	593	(8)
Jonathan Swift
The Declaration of Independence	601	(5)
Thomas Jefferson
The Playthings of Tyrants	606	(6)
Mary Wollstonecraft
The Communist Manifesto	612	(11)
Karl Marx
Friedrich Engels
Concerning Children	623	(4)
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
The Cause of War, Margaret Sanger	627	(6)
The Purpose of Propaganda	633	(8)
Adolf Hitler
Brahmacharya	641	(6)
Mahatma Gandhi
Dealing with Breakdowns in Communication	647	(6)
Carl Rogers
The Obligation to Endure	653	(6)
Rachel Carson
Letter from Birmingham Jail	659	(14)
Martin Luther King, Jr.
The Importance of Work	673	(8)
Betty Friedan
Suggestions for Writing	677	(1)
Collaborative Project	678	(3)
Appendix: Student Research Paper
Crime, Crack, and Kids	681	(10)
John T. Smith
Glossary of Useful Terms	691	(4)
Copyrights and Acknowledgments	695	(8)
Index	703