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9781848166899

International Assessment of Research and Development in Catalysis by Nanostructured Materials

by
  • ISBN13:

    9781848166899

  • ISBN10:

    1848166893

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2011-02-14
  • Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Inc
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Summary

Catalyst technologies account for over $1 trillion of revenue in the U.S. economy alone. The applications range from medicines and alternative energy fuel cell technologies to the development of new and innovative clothing fibers. In this book, a World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) panel of eight experts in the field assesses the current state of research and development in catalysis by nanostructured materials, its sources of funding, and discusses the state of the field with respect to productivity and leadership in various nations around the world. In addition to showing the numerous and highly advantageous practical applications of the field, the panel concludes that Western Europe is currently the most productive region, followed closely by the United States. Still, the research and development output of the People's Republic of China has recently surpassed that of Japan and is now poised to surpass that of the U.S. as well.As such, this assessment is a timely review of the field's progress, taking into account the increasing contributions from Asia, and will be essential reading for professionals, whether they are seeking an in-depth summary of the state of the art or a broad view of trends affecting the discipline.

Table of Contents

Forewordp. xiii
Abstractp. xv
Executive Summaryp. xvii
Overview of Catalysis by Nanostructured Materials
Introduction to the Studyp. 1
Approach and Methodologiesp. 5
Report Structurep. 8
Bibliometric analysisp. 8
Investment Models and Trendsp. 12
The United Statesp. 12
Asiap. 13
Western Europep. 15
Summaryp. 18
General Observationsp. 20
Technical Themes of the Studyp. 22
Conclusionsp. 23
Referencesp. 24
Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalysts
Introductionp. 25
Rhenium Clusters in Zeolite ZSM-5p. 28
Novel Propene Partial Oxidation Catalystsp. 30
Mesoporosity Designed into Microporous Catalystsp. 31
Micro-mesoporous zeolites by design of organic-inorganic surfactantsp. 32
Micro-mesoporous zeolites from carbon templatesp. 34
Micro-mesoporous catalysts by assembly of nanoparticlesp. 35
Synthesis of Extra-Large-Pore Zeolite ITQ-33p. 36
Heteropolyanions as Precursors for Desulfurization Catalystsp. 39
Final Remarksp. 40
Referencesp. 40
Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanostructured Catalysts
Backgroundp. 43
Laboratory Characterization Methodsp. 44
Overviewp. 44
New spectroscopic capabilities and adaptations to standard laboratory instrumentsp. 45
Synchrotron Methodsp. 52
Overviewp. 52
Scattering techniquesp. 53
Millibar XPS at BESSY synchrotron (Germany)p. 58
Conclusionsp. 60
Referencesp. 61
Electron and Tunneling Microscopy of Nanostructured Catalysts
Introductionp. 65
Overview of high resolution characterization techniquesp. 66
General Characterization of Catalyst Particlesp. 70
Nanostructure Characterization Under Working Conditionsp. 74
Effect of environment on surface structure and reactivityp. 75
Future Trendsp. 85
Summaryp. 87
Referencesp. 87
Theory and Simulation in Catalysis
Introductionp. 91
Computational Catalysis: Where Are We Today?p. 94
Methods and Their Applicationsp. 94
Electronic structure methodsp. 94
Atomic and molecular simulationsp. 98
Dynamicsp. 99
Kineticsp. 100
Snapshot of the Efforts in Europe and Asiap. 101
Europep. 101
Asiap. 106
Comparison of Europe, Asia, and the United Statesp. 107
Universal Trendsp. 110
The good newsp. 110
The not-so-good newsp. 112
Examples of Applications of Theory and Simulationp. 114
Connecting theory and spectroscopyp. 114
Modeling more realistic reaction environmentsp. 121
Applications to energyp. 129
Simulating catalytic performancep. 131
Design in heterogeneous catalysisp. 135
From theory to synthesisp. 138
Summary and Future Directionsp. 140
Referencesp. 143
Applications: Energy from Fossil Resources
Introductionp. 151
Production of Liquid Fuelsp. 153
Catalysts for petroleum refiningp. 153
Catalysts for syngas conversionp. 158
Production of Hydrogenp. 160
University of Udine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy)p. 163
University of Trieste, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy)p. 164
Institute di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (Italy)p. 164
Tokyo Metropolitan University Department of Applied Chemistryp. 165
Tsinghua University (China)p. 165
Tianjin University (China)p. 166
Fuel Cell Researchp. 167
University of Trieste, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy)p. 167
Tsinghua University (China)p. 168
Tianjin University (China)p. 168
Environmental Catalysisp. 169
Three-Way Catalysisp. 170
Toyota Motor Corporation, Higashi-Fuji Technical Centerp. 170
NOx selective catalytic reductionp. 170
CO2 reductionp. 172
Summaryp. 175
Project highlights: Energy-centered catalysis R&Dp. 175
Regional characteristics of catalysis R&D for improving fossil energy productionp. 176
Referencesp. 176
Applications: Chemicals from Fossil Resources
Introductionp. 185
Alkylationp. 186
Dehydrogenation and Hydrogenationp. 195
Dehydrogenationp. 196
Hydrogenationp. 204
Selective Oxidationp. 212
Selective oxidation catalysis by nanosized gold and other noble metalsp. 213
Selective oxidation of lower alkanes by bulk mixed metal oxidesp. 218
Catalytic behavior of Mo-V-(Te-Nb)-O Ml phase catalystsp. 220
On cooperation of M1 and M2 phases in propane ammoxidationp. 221
Surface termination of M1 phasep. 222
Future Trendsp. 224
Referencesp. 229
Applications: Renewable Fuels and Chemicals
Introductionp. 239
Key Observationsp. 240
Biomass Conversionp. 241
Biomass feedstocksp. 241
Liquid fuels from biomassp. 244
Biomass gasification and syngas conversionp. 245
Fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgradingp. 247
Liquid-phase/aqueous-phase catalytic processingp. 251
Vegetable oil conversionp. 252
Chemicals from biomassp. 254
Bibliometric analysis of catalysis and biofuelsp. 255
Photocatalytic Water Splittingp. 256
Conclusionsp. 258
Referencesp. 259
Panelists' Biographiesp. 263
Bibliometric Analysis of Catalysis Research, 1996-2005p. 273
Glossaryp. 291
Indexp. 299
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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