Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sport

by Hagger, Martin

• ISBN13: 9780736062503
• ISBN10: 0736062505
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-04-23
• Publisher: Human Kinetics

Summary

The world of exercise and sport is fascinated by motivation and the factors that drive it. It's no wonder researchersboth in and out of the sport domainwill enthusiastically welcome Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sport.Motivation is central to many social psychological theories that aim to explain behavior, including self-determination theory, one of the most influential theories of human motivation developed in the last three decades. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sportexamines the contribution of this theory to the understanding of motivation and behavior in the domains of exercise and sport. This is the first book to synthesize key research of self-determination theory as it relates to sport and exercise into one convenient volume. Written by a broad range of leading researchers, this reference will be a trend setter in the understanding of internal motivation and how to maximize performance and adherence. Furthermore, this volume will fill in research gaps, improve existing research, and set new directions for research in this vibrant area.Self-determination theory is based on the premise that individuals pursue self-determined goals to satisfy their basic psychological needs to independently solve problems, interact socially, and master tasks. The book begins with an introductory chapter in which the founding fathers of self-determination theory, Edward L. Deci and Richard Ryan, provide an overview of the theory and its constituent subtheories and chart its history with respect to exercise and sport, highlighting classic studies and seminal works along the way. This introduction masterfully provides sufficient theoretical grounding and serves as an excellent prologue to subsequent chapters.The remainder of the book is organized in two parts that cover research in the domains of exercise and sport. Part Iexamines the contribution of self-determination theory to the explanation of participation in and adherence to health-related exercise, and it examines the motivational experiences and contingencies that bring about exercise behavior and health-related outcomes. The recommendation sections that follow each chapter provide specialists interested in promoting exerciseincluding personal trainers, clinicians, health psychologists, and physical educatorswith key strategies to motivate people to regularly participate in exercise for health.Part IIdiscusses the role that self-determination theory plays in explaining motivational processes involved in competitive sport contexts and summarizes the state of the literature concerning self-determination theory in diverse areas of sport, including athletes'motivation and sport performance, goal content and orientations, dropout, psychological well-being, and coaching behaviors. The recommendations outlined at the close of each chapter provide coaches, sport psychologists, sport promoters and managers, and physical educators with realistic, practical solutions to maximize sport performance, persistence in training, and, above all, enjoyment and well-being among athletes.Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sportalso integrates self-determination theory concepts with other theoretical frameworks to highlight the versatility of the theory and encourage future research. Each chapter in the text closes with clearly explained, in-depth suggestions for future research and for transferring findings into practice.Whether you're a researcher in sport and exercise or in any other area where performance and adherence issues are key, Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sportwill leave you inspired by the editors'and cont

Table of Contents

Introduction. Active Human Nature: Self-Determination Theory and the Promotion and Maintenance of Sport, Exercise, and Health

Intrinsic Motivation and Our Active Nature

Beyond Intrinsic Motivation: Internalization and Extrinsic Forms of Motivation

Basic Needs Theory: Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitating Environment

Motivation, Vitality, and Health: When Self-Regulation Is Not Depleting

Conclusions, Musings, and Future Directions

Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise

Exercise Participation Motives: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

The Theoretical Status of Participation Motives

Measurement of Participation Motives

Participation Motives and Engagement in Various Types of Activity

Participation Motives and Exercise Behavior

Participation Motives and Well-Being

Participation Motives and Body Image

Participation Motives and Autonomy: Beyond the Intrinsic-Extrinsic Dichotomy

Conclusions and Implications for Exercise Promotion

Perceived Autonomy Support and Psychological Need Satisfaction

The Self-Determination Perspective in Exercise

Autonomy Support, Psychological Needs, and Autonomous Regulation

Psychological Needs, Autonomous Regulation, and Exercise Behavior

Predicting Maladaptive Exercise Engagement

Ethnic and Cultural Group Considerations

Promoting Autonomy Support in the Exercise Domain

Summary and Avenues for Future Research

The Trans-Contextual Model of Motivation

The Trans-Contextual Model: Component Theories

The Trans-Contextual Model: Three Premises for Theoretical Integration

Perceived Autonomy Support

Testing the Trans-Contextual Model

Conclusions, Recommendations for Future Research, and Practical Considerations

Self-Determination and Motivation in Physical Education

Autonomy Support in Physical Education

Other Influential Social Context Factors

Basic Psychological Needs

Motivational Regulations and Related Consequences

Tests of the Motivational Sequence

Practical Implications in Physical Education

Avenues for Future Self-Determination Theory Work in Physical Education

Conclusion

Self-Determination Theory and Motivational Interviewing in Exercise

The Principles of Motivational Interviewing

Intrinsic Motivation in Motivational Interviewing: A Conceptual Refinement

Conclusions and Applied Implications

Self-Determination Theory, Exercise, and Well-Being

The Self and Well-Being

A Self-Determination Perspective on the Self and Well-Being

Is the Evidence Consistent With Theory?

Summary and Recommendations

The Flow State and Physical Activity Behavior Change as Motivational Outcomes: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

Self-Determination Theory and Flow

Self-Determination Theory and Physical Activity Behavior Change

Conclusion

Perceived Feedback and Motivation in Physical Education and Physical Activity

Perceived Feedback as a Source of Competence

Measurement of Types of Perceived Feedback

Relationship Between Perceived Feedback and Motivation in Physical Education

Practical Recommendations and Future Directions for Research

Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Sport

Measurement Issues in Self-Determination Theory and Sport

Versions of the Sport Motivation Scale

Construct Measurement Issues

Future Research and Applications

Motivation in Elite-Level Sport: A Self-Determination Perspective

Motivation Types

Self-Determination and Training

Self-Determination and Performance

Basic Needs

Practical Applications

Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion in Exercise and Sport: Understanding the Differential Impacts on Performance and Persistence

Individual Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Pursuit

Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion

Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion in Exercising

Obesity, Healthy Lifestyle Change, and Weight Loss

Macro-Mediational and Micro-Mediational Mechanisms

Future Research

Practical Implications and Conclusion

Competence Motivation in Sport and Exercise: The Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation and Self-Determination Theory

Three Eras of Achievement Motivation

Key Concepts in Self-Determination Theory

Linking the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation and Self-Determination Theory

Future Research Directions

Implications for Practice

Understanding Young People's Motivation Toward Exercise: An Integration of Sport Ability Beliefs, Achievement Goal Theory, and Self-Determination Theory

The Context of Physical Activity

Achievement Goal Theory

Self Theories of Ability

Self-Determination Theory

An Intraindividual Approach to Motivation

Research Findings

Practical Implications of Research Findings

Future Directions

Coaching Effectiveness: Exploring the Relationship Between Coaching Behavior and Self-Determined Motivation

The Nature and Determinants of Self-Determined Motivation

Research on Coaching Behavior and Motivation

Future Research Directions

Practical Implications

A Self-Determination Theory Approach to Dropout in Athletes

A Four-Stage Causal Sequence

Review of the Studies

Research Perspectives and Future Directions

Conclusion and Practical Implications

Self-Determination Theory and Well-Being in Athletes: It's the Situation That Counts

Well-Being According to Self-Determination Theory

Well-Being in Sport

Self-Determination and Well-Being in Sport

Diary Studies

Future Directions

Implications for Coaching

A Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation for Sport and Physical Activity

The Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Integrative Studies

Future Directions

Practical Implications and Conclusion

Conclusion. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sport: Reflecting on the Past and Sketching the Future

Methodological Issues

Self-Determination Theory and the Antecedents of Motivation

Self-Determination Theory and Psychological Outcomes

Self-Determination Theory and Exercise and Sport Behavior

Theoretical Integration and Advancement

Conclusions

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