Introduction to Audiologic Rehabilitation

by Schow, Ronald L.; Nerbonne, Michael A.

• ISBN13: 9780205319466
• ISBN10: 0205319467
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This much anticipated Fourth Edition is the most current text available for preparing students for work in the area of audiologic rehabilitation. This highly regarded text has been extensively updated and revised. The text begins with eight chapters introducing the fundamentalsamplification, including cochlear implants, auditory and visual stimuli, speech and language, and educational and psychosocial issues. Two comprehensive methods and procedures chapters follow, focusing on children, adults, and elderly adults. Finally, the well-documented and amply illustrated text concludes with two case study chapters.

Table of Contents

Contributors	xv
Preface	xvii
PART ONE: Fundamentals of Audiologic Rehabilitation	1	(274)
Overview of Audiologic Rehabilitation	3	(28)
Ronald L. Schow
Michael A. Nerbonne
Introduction	3	(2)
Definitions and Synonyms	4	(1)
Providers of Audiologic Rehabilitation	4	(1)
Education Needs of Providers	5	(1)
Hearing Loss Characteristics	5	(6)
Degree of Hearing Impairment and Configuration	5	(3)
Time of Onset	8	(1)
Type of Loss	8	(2)
Auditory Speech Recognition Ability	10	(1)
Consequences of Hearing Loss: Primary and Secondary	11	(2)
Communication Difficulties	11	(1)
Variable Hearing Disability	12	(1)
Rehabilitative Alternatives	13	(5)
Historical Background	14	(1)
Birth of Audiology	15	(2)
Difficulties in Acceptance of Audiologic Rehabilitation	17	(1)
Current Status	18	(1)
Procedures in Audiologic Rehabilitation: An AR Model	18	(6)
Rehabilitation Assessment Procedures	19	(3)
Management Procedures	22	(2)
Settings for Audiologic Rehabilitation	24	(2)
Children	25	(1)
Adults	25	(1)
Elderly Adults	25	(1)
Summary	26	(1)
Summary Points	26	(2)
Recommended Reading	28	(1)
Recommended Web Site	28	(1)
References	28	(3)
Hearing Aids and Assistive Devices	31	(50)
H. Gustav Mueller
Anne Strouse Carter
Introduction	32	(1)
Hearing Aids	33	(10)
Basic Components	33	(1)
Controls and Features	34	(3)
Hearing Aid Styles	37	(1)
The Body Aid	37	(2)
The Eyeglass Aid	39	(1)
The BTE	40	(1)
The ITE	41	(1)
The ITC	42	(1)
The CIC	42	(1)
Summary	43	(1)
Specialized Fitting Options	43	(4)
CROS and BICROS	43	(1)
Bone Conduction and Implantable Hearing Aids	44	(1)
Traditional Bone Conduction Devices	44	(1)
Implantable Hearing Aids	45	(2)
The Earmold	47	(3)
Acoustic Effects of Earmolds	48	(1)
Low-frequency Modification	48	(1)
Mid-frequency Modification	49	(1)
High-frequency Modification	49	(1)
The Earmold Impression	49	(1)
Batteries	50	(1)
Electroacoustic Properties	50	(4)
The Selection and Fitting of Hearing Aids	54	(12)
Selecting the Hearing Aid Candidate	54	(1)
Degree of Hearing Loss	54	(1)
Degree of Communication Disability	55	(1)
Motivation to Use Hearing Aids	56	(1)
Preselection Measurements	56	(1)
Pure Tone Thresholds	57	(1)
Loudness Discomfort Level (LDL)	57	(1)
Loudness Contour Testing	57	(1)
Hearing Aid Selection	58	(1)
Hearing Aid Style	58	(1)
Gain and Frequency Response	58	(1)
Maximum Output	58	(1)
Automatic Signal Processing (ASP)	58	(1)
Programmable Hearing Aids	59	(1)
Digital Signal Processing	60	(1)
Binaural Fittings	60	(1)
Other Considerations	60	(1)
Verification	61	(1)
Informal Rating of Speech Quality and Intelligibility	61	(1)
Speech Recognition or Intelligibility Testing	61	(1)
Loudness Scaling	62	(1)
Probe Microphone Measurements	62	(1)
Postfitting Counseling, Orientation, and Outcome Measures	62	(1)
Postfitting Counseling and Instrument Orientation	63	(2)
Follow-up Visits and Outcome Measures	65	(1)
Considerations for the Pediatric Patient	66	(1)
Prefitting Testing	66	(1)
Fitting Considerations	66	(1)
Verification of Fitting	66	(1)
Postfitting Procedures	67	(1)
Assistive and Alternative Rehabilitation Devices	67	(10)
Personal and Group Amplification Devices	68	(1)
Hardwire Systems	68	(1)
Induction Loop Systems	69	(2)
Infrared Systems	71	(1)
FM Systems	71	(4)
Television Amplification Devices	75	(1)
Telephone Devices	75	(1)
Signaling Devices	76	(1)
Other Alternative Devices for the Deaf	76	(1)
Summary Points	77	(1)
Recommended Reading	78	(1)
References	78	(3)
Cochlear Implants and Other Rehabilitative Areas	81	(20)
Alice E. Holmes
Introduction	81	(1)
How Does a Cochlear Implant Work?	82	(1)
History of Cochlear Implants	83	(1)
The Cochlear Implant Team	84	(2)
Who Is a Candidate?	86	(4)
Candidacy for Adults	88	(1)
Candidacy for Children	89	(1)
Deaf Culture and Cochlear Implants	90	(1)
Treatment Plans for Cochlear Implant Recipients	90	(5)
Hook-up	91	(2)
Follow-up Programming and Therapy	93	(2)
Variables Affecting Performance	95	(1)
Future Trends in Cochlear Implants	95	(1)
Auditory Brainstem Implant	95	(1)
Vestibular Rehabilitation	96	(1)
Tinnitus Rehabilitation	96	(2)
Summary Points	98	(1)
Recommended Reading	98	(1)
Recommended Web Sites	98	(1)
References	99	(2)
Auditory Stimuli in Communication	101	(38)
Michael A. Nerbonne
Ronald L. Schow
Introduction	101	(1)
A Communication Model	102	(1)
Auditory Perception	103	(12)
Development of Auditory Skills	103	(1)
Basic Perception Abilities	103	(1)
Acoustics of Speech	104	(1)
Intensity Parameters of Speech	105	(1)
Frequency Parameters of Speech	105	(3)
Temporal Parameters of Speech	108	(1)
Transitional Cues	109	(1)
Speech Perception and Comprehension	110	(1)
Speech Perception and Hearing Loss	111	(1)
Physical Properties	111	(1)
Redundancy and Noise	112	(3)
The Auditory Training Process	115	(3)
Definition and Application of Auditory Training	115	(1)
Early Efforts in Auditory Training	116	(1)
Carhart	116	(2)
Current Approaches to Auditory Training	118	(16)
Candidacy for Auditory Training	118	(1)
Assessment of Auditory Skills	118	(1)
Evaluating Children	119	(2)
Evaluating Adults	121	(3)
Methods of Auditory Training	124	(1)
Erber	124	(3)
DASL II	127	(1)
SKI-HI	128	(1)
SPICE	129	(2)
Consonant Recognition Training	131	(1)
Communication Training and Therapy	131	(3)
Summary Points	134	(1)
Recommended Reading	134	(1)
References	135	(4)
Visual Stimuli in Communication	139	(44)
Nicholas M. Hipskind
Introduction	139	(1)
Factors Related to Speechreading	140	(11)
Speaker	141	(1)
Signal and Code	142	(1)
Visemes	143	(2)
Visibility	145	(2)
Environment	147	(1)
Speechreader	148	(1)
Age	148	(1)
Gender	148	(1)
Intelligence	149	(1)
Personality Traits	149	(1)
Visual Skills	149	(1)
Visual Acuity	149	(1)
Visual Perception	150	(1)
Hearing	151	(1)
Speechreading and the Hearing Impaired	151	(11)
Assessment of Speechreading Ability	151	(1)
Formal Speechreading Tests	152	(1)
Informal Speechreading Tests	152	(2)
Visual Assessment and Speechreading Evaluation	154	(1)
Hearing Impairment and Dependence on Vision	154	(1)
Deaf	154	(1)
Hard of Hearing	155	(1)
Traditional Speechreading Methods	155	(1)
Analytic and Synthetic Approaches	156	(1)
Recent Trends in Speechreading Instruction	156	(1)
Children	157	(3)
Adults	160	(1)
Innovative Options	161	(1)
Manual Communication	162	(6)
Types of Manual Communication	162	(3)
Signed English Systems	165	(1)
Fingerspelling	166	(1)
Cued Speech	166	(2)
Summary Points	168	(1)
Recommended Reading	169	(1)
References	169	(5)
Appendixes	174	(9)
Language and Speech of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing	183	(42)
Deborah N. Seyfried Culbertson
Patricia B. Kricos
Introduction	183	(1)
Language and Communication	184	(16)
Factors Affecting Language Acquisition	184	(1)
Language Characteristics of Preschool Children with Hearing Impairment	185	(1)
Importance of Parent-Child Interactions	185	(3)
Knowledge of Schema in Preschool Children	188	(1)
Semantic and Pragmatic Functions in Preschool Children	188	(1)
Early Vocabulary in Preschool Children	189	(1)
Language Characteristics of School-Age Children with Hearing Impairment	190	(1)
Lexical-Semantic Skills of School-age Children	190	(1)
Syntactic-Morphologic Skills of School-age Children	190	(1)
Pragmatic Skills of School-age Children	191	(1)
Plateau in Language Acquisition for School-age Children	191	(1)
Preliteracy and Literacy Issues	192	(1)
Language Assessment	192	(1)
Limitations and Cautions in Using Formal Language Measures	193	(1)
Essential Conditions for Evaluating Language Abilities	193	(2)
Communication and Language Management for Preschool and School-Age Children with Hearing Impairment	195	(2)
Strategies for Developing Conversational Skills	197	(1)
Preliteracy and Literacy Activities	198	(1)
Bilingual Education for Children Who Are Deaf	199	(1)
Speech Characteristics, Assessment, and Management	200	(16)
Hearing as the Foundation for Speech Sound Development	200	(1)
Early Vocalizations of the Child	201	(1)
Speech Intelligibility	201	(3)
Speech Characteristics, Assessment, and Management for Individuals with Prelingual Hearing Loss	204	(1)
Individuals with Mild to Moderately Severe Prelingual Hearing Loss	204	(3)
Individuals with Prelingual Hearing Loss in the Severe to Profound Range	207	(4)
Speech Assessment of Individuals with Severe or Profound Hearing Loss	211	(1)
Measures of Speech Intelligibility	211	(1)
Measures of Articulation and Phonology	212	(1)
Perceptual Assessment of Suprasegmentals and Voice Characteristics	213	(1)
Acoustic and Physiologic Displays	213	(1)
Speech Management for Individuals with Severe or Profound Hearing Loss	213	(3)
Speech Characteristics of Individuals with Postlingual Profound Hearing Loss	216	(1)
Summary	216	(1)
Summary Points	217	(1)
Recommended Reading	217	(1)
Recommended Web Sites	218	(1)
References	218	(7)
Psychosocial Aspects of Hearing Impairment and Counseling Basics	225	(22)
Kris English
Introduction	225	(1)
Psychosocial Aspects of Hearing Impairment	226	(11)
Growing Up with Hearing Loss	226	(1)
Self-concept	226	(1)
Emotional Development	227	(1)
Family Concerns	228	(2)
Social Competence	230	(1)
Special Issues in Adolescence	231	(1)
Summary	231	(1)
Acquiring Hearing Loss	232	(1)
Self-concept	232	(1)
Psychoemotional Reactions	233	(1)
Family Concerns	233	(1)
Social Concerns	234	(1)
Summary	234	(1)
About Being Deaf	234	(1)
Being Deafened	235	(1)
``Deafness with a Capital D''	236	(1)
``Knowing Is Not Enough'': Counseling Basics	237	(5)
Important Distinctions	237	(1)
What We May Think Counseling Is	238	(1)
What Counselors Say Counseling Is	239	(1)
The Counseling Process	239	(1)
Help Patients (or Parents) Tell Their Story	240	(1)
Help Patients Clarify Their Problems	240	(1)
Help Patients Take Responsibility for Their Listening Problems	241	(1)
When to Refer	242	(1)
Summary	242	(1)
Summary Points	243	(1)
Recommended Reading	243	(1)
Recommended Web Sites	244	(1)
References	244	(3)
Audiologic Rehabilitation Services in the School Setting	247	(28)
Kris English
Introduction	247	(1)
Why AR Services Are Required in School Settings: The Educational Consequences of Hearing Impairment	248	(9)
Degree of Loss: Terminology	248	(2)
Mandated by Law	250	(1)
Key Components of IDEA	251	(1)
Least Restrictive Environment	251	(1)
Educational Options	252	(2)
LRE for a Child with HI	254	(1)
The Individualized Education Program	255	(1)
The Communication Debate	255	(1)
Oral-Aural Approach	256	(1)
Total Communication	256	(1)
Cued Speech	257	(1)
Using Sign Only	257	(1)
AR Services Provided in Schools	257	(9)
Screening and Assessment	258	(1)
Management of Amplification	259	(1)
Direct Instruction and Indirect Consultation	259	(1)
Hearing Conservation	260	(1)
Evaluation and Modification of Classroom Acoustics	260	(3)
Transition Planning to Postsecondary Placements	263	(1)
How Services Are Provided	263	(3)
AR Service Providers in School Settings	266	(1)
Teachers	266	(1)
Audiologists	266	(1)
Speech-Language Pathologists	267	(1)
Related Support Personnel	267	(1)
Services for Children with Auditory Processing Problems	267	(3)
Summary Points	270	(1)
Recommended Reading	271	(1)
Recommended Resources	271	(1)
Software	271	(1)
Web Sites	272	(1)
References	272	(3)
PART TWO: Comprehensive Approaches to Audiologic Rehabilitation	275	(128)
Audiologic Rehabilitation for Children: Assessment and Management	276	(59)
Mary Pat Moeller
Ronald L. Schow
Dorothy Johnson
Introduction	277	(1)
Prevalence of Loss and Level of Service	278	(1)
Terms and Definitions	278	(1)
Profile of the Client	279	(1)
Hearing Loss	279	(1)
Age	280	(1)
Other Disabling Conditions	280	(1)
Rehabilitation Settings and Providers	280	(2)
Identification and Assessment Procedures with Children	282	(3)
Early Identification	282	(1)
School Screening	283	(1)
Medical and Audiologic Assessment	283	(2)
Aspects of Audiologic Rehabilitation: Early Intervention for Parent-Infant and Preschool	285	(28)
Rehabilitation Assessment	285	(1)
Management	285	(1)
Environmental Coordination and Participation	285	(8)
Audibility, Amplification, and Assistive Device Issues	293	(3)
Remediation of Communication Rehabilitation Activity	296	(12)
Counseling and Psychosocial Aspects	308	(5)
Aspects of Audiologic Rehabilitation: School Years	313	(11)
Rehabilitation Assessment: IEP Meeting	313	(1)
Management	314	(1)
Environmental Coordination and Participation	314	(1)
Audibility, Amplification, and Assistive Device Issues	315	(5)
Communication and Language Stimulation: School-age Level	320	(3)
Counseling and Psychosocial Aspects (Special Case)	323	(1)
Summary	324	(2)
Summary Points	326	(1)
Recommended Reading	327	(1)
Recommended Web Sites	327	(1)
References	327	(5)
Appendix	332	(3)
Audiologic Rehabilitation for Adults and Elderly Adults: Assessment and Management	335	(68)
Kathy Pichora-Fuller
Ronald L. Schow
Introduction	336	(1)
Profile of the Adult Client	336	(1)
Hearing Loss over the Life-span	336	(1)
Profile of the Elderly Client	337	(3)
Physical and Mental Health and the Aging Process	338	(1)
Hearing Loss	338	(1)
Presbycusis	338	(1)
Phonemic Regression	339	(1)
Economic Status and Retirement	339	(1)
Living Environments	339	(1)
Model for Rehabilitation	340	(3)
Assessment	340	(2)
Treatment	342	(1)
Rehabilitation Settings	343	(5)
University Programs	343	(3)
Community Centers and Agencies	346	(1)
Military	347	(1)
Consumer Groups	347	(1)
Hospitals, Medical Offices, Private Practice Audiologists, and Hearing Instrument Specialists	347	(1)
Rehabilitation Assessment	348	(7)
Audiologic Testing	348	(1)
Assessment by Self-report	349	(1)
Case History	349	(1)
Other Forms of Self-report	349	(1)
Outcome Measures	350	(4)
Core Assessment Overview	354	(1)
Rehabilitation Management	355	(40)
Issues and Imperatives in Audiologic Management of Adults	356	(5)
Counseling and Psychosocial Considerations	361	(9)
Amplification and Instrumental Interventions to Achieve Audibility	370	(1)
Is the Client Ready for an Instrument?	370	(1)
Fit and Function of the Instrument	371	(8)
Counseling and Orientation to Instruments	379	(5)
Remediation of Communication Activities	384	(5)
Environmental Coordination and Participation Improvement	389	(3)
Further Illustration of CORE and CARE	392	(3)
Summary	395	(1)
Summary Points	395	(1)
Recommended Reading	396	(1)
Recommended Web Sites	396	(1)
References	397	(6)
PART THREE: Implementing Audiologic Rehabilitation: Case Studies	403	(56)
Case Studies: Children	405	(30)
Mary Pat Moeller
Introduction	405	(2)
Joey: Family-centered Intervention: Multiple Disabilities	407	(4)
Background Information	407	(1)
Previous Rehabilitation	407	(3)
Environmental Coordination and Participation	410	(1)
Communication Rehabilitation Adjustment	410	(1)
Psychosocial and Counseling Aspects	411	(1)
Mike: Decision Making by a Student Related to Cochlear Implants	411	(4)
Background Information	412	(1)
Aural Rehabilitation Plan: Pre-implant	412	(1)
Aural Rehabilitation Plan: Post-implant	413	(1)
Intervention Outcomes	414	(1)
Summary	415	(1)
Amber: Issues Affecting Educational Placement	415	(5)
Background Information	415	(1)
Assessment Findings	416	(3)
Recommendations for Management	419	(1)
Follow-up Assessment	420	(1)
Greg: Late Identification of a Hard-of-Hearing Child	420	(7)
Background Information	420	(1)
Communication Activity Assessment	421	(4)
Management	425	(1)
Remediation of Communication Activity: Auditory and Linguistic Training	425	(1)
Intervention Outcomes	426	(1)
Summary	427	(1)
Steve: Diagnostic Therapy: A Tool for Solving Complex Intervention Problems	427	(5)
Background Information: Assessment of Hearing Loss and Amplification	428	(1)
Previous Rehabilitation	428	(1)
Differential Diagnosis and Assessment: Communication Problems and Signing Strategies	428	(1)
Motoric Limitations in Signing	429	(1)
Related Personal Factors	430	(1)
Management: Sign Communication Rehabilitation	430	(1)
Outcome Measures	431	(1)
Summary	432	(1)
References and Recommended Reading	432	(1)
Recommended Web Site	433	(2)
Case Studies: Adults and Elderly Adults	435	(24)
Michael A. Nerbonne
Jeff E. Brockett
Dan F. Konkle
Alice E. Holmes
Introduction	435	(1)
Dr. M.: Progressive Hearing Loss	436	(4)
Case History	436	(1)
Audiologic Rehabilitation Assessment	437	(1)
Management	438	(1)
Hearing Aid Evaluation and Adjustment	438	(1)
Communication Training	439	(1)
Summary	439	(1)
Mr. B.: Hearing Loss, Depression, and Successful Hearing Aid Use	440	(5)
Informational Counseling	440	(1)
Rehabilitation Assessment	440	(1)
Communication Status: Impairment Activity Limitations	440	(1)
Overall Participation Variables	440	(1)
Related Personal Factors	441	(1)
Environmental Factors	441	(1)
Rehabilitation Management	441	(1)
Counseling and Psychosocial Issues	441	(1)
Audibility and Impairment Management	442	(1)
Remediate Communication Activity	443	(1)
Environment and Coordination: Participation Improvement	444	(1)
Summary	444	(1)
Dr. F.: Meniere's Disease	445	(6)
Case History	445	(2)
Audiologic Rehabilitation Assessment and Management	447	(1)
Initial Experiences with Amplification	447	(2)
Subsequent Experiences with Amplification	449	(1)
Summary	450	(1)
Mrs. O.: Cochlear Implant User	451	(4)
Case History	451	(1)
Diagnostic Information	451	(2)
Pre-CI Management	453	(1)
Counseling and Psychosocial Considerations	453	(1)
Communication Remediation	453	(1)
CI Surgery	453	(1)
Post-CI Management	453	(1)
Audibility and Amplification	453	(1)
Audiovisual Training for Communication	453	(1)
Counseling and Coordination	454	(1)
Summary	455	(1)
Mrs. E.: Nursing Home Hearing Aid User	455	(2)
Case History	455	(1)
Diagnostic Information	455	(1)
Audiologic Rehabilitation	456	(1)
Summary	457	(1)
Summary Points	457	(1)
References	458	(1)
Author Index	459	(4)
Subject Index	463