Introduction to Audiologic Rehabilitation

by Schow, Ronald L.; Nerbonne, Michael A.

• ISBN13: 9780205482924
• ISBN10: 0205482929
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-08-07
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

This highly regarded text has been substantially updated and revised, making it more user-friendly for both students and instructors. It is especially current in areas dealing with hearing aids, cochlear implants, and current approaches to providing relevant AR. The text begins with eight chapters introducing the fundamentalsamplification, including cochlear implants, auditory and visual stimuli, speech and language, and educational and psychosocial issues. Two comprehensive methods and procedures chapters follow, focusing on children, adults, and elderly adults. Finally, the well-documented and amply illustrated text concludes with two case study chapters. Students and professionals studying Aural Rehabilitation.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xv
Contributors	p. xvii
Fundamentals of Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 1
Overview of Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
Definitions and Synonyms	p. 4
Providers of Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 4
Education Needs of Providers	p. 5
Hearing Loss Characteristics	p. 5
Degree of Hearing Impairment and Configuration	p. 5
Time of Onset	p. 8
Type of Loss	p. 8
Auditory Speech Recognition Ability	p. 10
Consequences of Hearing Loss: Primary and Secondary	p. 11
Communication Difficulties	p. 11
Variable Hearing Disorder/Disability	p. 12
Rehabilitative Alternatives	p. 13
Historical Background	p. 14
Current Status	p. 17
Procedures in Audiologic Rehabilitation: An AR Model-CORE and CARE	p. 18
Rehabilitation Assessment Procedures	p. 21
Management Procedures	p. 22
Settings for Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 24
Children	p. 24
Adults	p. 25
Elderly Adults	p. 25
Summary	p. 26
Summary Points	p. 26
Recommended Reading	p. 28
Recommended Websites	p. 28
References	p. 28
Hearing Aids and Assistive Devices	p. 31
Introduction	p. 31
Hearing Aids	p. 33
Basic Components	p. 33
Controls and Features	p. 34
Hearing Aid Styles	p. 36
Specialized Fitting Options	p. 40
CROS/BICROS	p. 40
Bone Conduction Hearing Aids	p. 41
Implantable Hearing Aids	p. 41
The Earmold	p. 43
Acoustic Effects of Earmolds and Hearing Aid Shells	p. 43
Ear Impressions	p. 45
Batteries	p. 46
Electroacoustic Properties	p. 47
The Selection and Fitting of Hearing Aids	p. 49
Selecting the Hearing Aid Candidate	p. 50
Preselection Measurements	p. 52
Hearing Aid Selection	p. 52
Verification	p. 57
Postfitting Counseling, Orientation, and Outcome Measures	p. 58
Considerations for the Pediatric Patient	p. 62
Prefitting Testing	p. 62
Fitting Considerations	p. 62
Verification of Fitting	p. 62
Postfitting Procedures	p. 63
Assistive Devices	p. 63
Assistive Listening Devices and Other Communication Devices	p. 64
Alerting/Signaling Devices	p. 72
Concluding Remarks	p. 72
Summary Points	p. 73
Recommended Reading	p. 74
Recommended Websites	p. 74
References	p. 75
Cochlear Implants and Vestibular/Tinnitus Rehabilitation	p. 77
Introduction	p. 77
Cochlear Implants	p. 78
How Does a Cochlear Implant Work?	p. 78
History of Cochlear Implants	p. 78
Current Systems	p. 80
The Cochlear Implant Team	p. 82
Who Is a Candidate?	p. 82
Deaf Culture and Cochlear Implants	p. 86
Treatment Plans for Cochlear Implant Recipients	p. 87
Variables Affecting Performance	p. 92
Auditory Brainstem Implant	p. 92
Future Trends in Cochlear Implants	p. 93
Vestibular Evaluation and Rehabilitation	p. 93
Causes of Balance Problems	p. 96
Medical Evaluation	p. 97
Audiologic and Balance Testing	p. 97
Vestibular Rehabilitation	p. 101
Tinnitus Evaluation and Rehabilitation	p. 103
Causes of Tinnitus	p. 103
Evaluation	p. 104
Treatment	p. 105
Summary Points	p. 107
Recommended Reading	p. 107
Recommended Websites	p. 108
References	p. 109
Auditory Stimuli in Communication	p. 113
Introduction	p. 113
A Communication Model	p. 114
Auditory Perception	p. 115
Development of Auditory Skills	p. 115
Basic Perception Abilities	p. 116
Acoustics of Speech	p. 117
Speech Perception and Comprehension	p. 122
Speech Perception and Hearing Loss	p. 123
The Auditory Training Process	p. 126
Definition and Application of Auditory Training	p. 127
Early Efforts in Auditory Training	p. 128
Current Approaches to Auditory Training	p. 129
Candidacy for Auditory Training	p. 130
Assessment of Auditory Skills	p. 130
Methods of Auditory Training	p. 135
Summary Points	p. 146
Recommended Reading	p. 147
References	p. 147
Visual Stimuli in Communication	p. 151
Introduction	p. 151
Factors Related to Speechreading	p. 152
Speaker	p. 153
Signal and Code	p. 154
Environment	p. 160
Speechreader	p. 160
Speechreading and the Hearing Impaired	p. 163
Assessment of Speechreading Ability	p. 164
Visual Assessment and Speechreading Evaluation	p. 166
Hearing Impairment and Dependence on Vision	p. 167
Traditional Speechreading Methods	p. 169
Recent Trends in Speechreading Instruction	p. 170
Manual Communication	p. 176
Types of Manual Communication	p. 177
Summary Points	p. 183
Recommended Reading	p. 183
References	p. 183
Appendixes	p. 188
Language and Speech of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing	p. 197
Introduction	p. 197
Language and Communication	p. 198
Factors Affecting Language Acquisition	p. 198
Language Characteristics of Preschool Children with Hearing Impairment	p. 203
Importance of Parent-Child Interactions	p. 204
Language Characteristics of School-Age Children with Hearing Impairment	p. 207
Language Assessment	p. 210
Communication and Language Management for Preschool and School-Age Children with Hearing Impairment	p. 213
Speech Characteristics, Assessment, and Management	p. 218
General Considerations	p. 218
Speech Characteristics, Assessment, and Management for Individuals with Prelingual Hearing Loss	p. 222
Speech Assessment of Individuals with Severe or Profound Hearing Loss	p. 230
Speech Management for Individuals with Severe or Profound Hearing Loss	p. 232
Speech Characteristics of Individuals with Postlingual Profound Hearing Loss	p. 235
Summary	p. 236
Summary Points	p. 236
Recommended Reading	p. 237
Recommended Websites	p. 238
References	p. 238
Psychosocial Aspects of Hearing Impairment and Counseling Basics	p. 245
Introduction	p. 245
Psychosocial Aspects of Hearing Impairment	p. 246
Growing Up with Hearing Loss	p. 246
Acquiring Hearing Loss	p. 252
About Being Deaf	p. 255
"Deafness with a Capital D"	p. 257
"Knowing Is Not Enough": Counseling Basics	p. 258
Important Distinctions	p. 258
What We May Think Counseling Is	p. 259
What Counselors Say Counseling Is	p. 260
The Counseling Process	p. 260
When to Refer	p. 264
Summary	p. 264
Summary Points	p. 264
Recommended Reading	p. 265
Recommended Websites	p. 265
References	p. 266
Audiologic Rehabilitation Services in the School Setting	p. 269
Introduction	p. 269
Why AR Services Are Required in School Settings: The Educational Consequences of Hearing Impairment	p. 270
Degree of Loss: Terminology	p. 270
Mandated by Law	p. 272
Key Components of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)	p. 273
Least Restrictive Environment	p. 274
The Individualized Education Program (IEP)	p. 277
The Communication Debate	p. 277
AR Services Provided in Schools	p. 279
Screening and Assessment	p. 280
Management of Amplification	p. 281
Direct Instruction and Indirect Consultation	p. 281
Hearing Conservation	p. 282
Evaluation and Modification of Classroom Acoustics	p. 283
Transition Planning to Postsecondary Placements	p. 285
How Services Are Provided	p. 286
AR Service Providers in School Settings	p. 286
Teachers	p. 286
Audiologists	p. 289
Speech-Language Pathologists	p. 289
Related Support Personnel	p. 290
Services for Children with Auditory Processing Problems	p. 290
Summary Points	p. 296
Recommended Reading	p. 296
Recommended Resources	p. 297
Software	p. 297
Websites	p. 297
References	p. 298
Comprehensive Approaches to Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 301
Audiologic Rehabilitation for Children: Assessment and Management	p. 303
Introduction	p. 303
Prevalence of Loss and Level of Service	p. 304
Terms and Definitions	p. 304
Profile of the Client	p. 305
Hearing Loss	p. 305
Age	p. 306
Other Disabling Conditions	p. 306
Rehabilitation Settings and Providers	p. 306
Identification and Assessment Procedures with Children	p. 308
Early Identification	p. 308
School Screening	p. 309
Medical and Audiologic Assessment	p. 309
Aspects of Audiologic Rehabilitation: Early Intervention for Parent-Infant and Preschool	p. 310
Rehabilitation Assessment: IFSP	p. 310
Management	p. 311
Aspects of Audiologic Rehabilitation: School Years	p. 341
Rehabilitation Assessment: IEP	p. 341
Management	p. 342
Summary	p. 355
Summary Points	p. 356
Recommended Reading	p. 357
Recommended Websites	p. 357
References	p. 358
Appendix	p. 364
Audiologic Rehabilitation for Adults and Elderly Adults: Assessment and Management	p. 367
Introduction	p. 368
Profile of the Adult Client	p. 368
Hearing Loss over the Lifespan	p. 368
Profile of the Elderly Client	p. 370
Hearing Loss	p. 370
Physical and Mental Health and the Aging Process	p. 371
Personal and Environmental Factors	p. 372
Economic Status and Retirement	p. 372
Living Environments	p. 373
Model for Rehabilitation	p. 374
CORE Assessment	p. 376
CARE Management	p. 377
Feedback Based on Outcome Measures	p. 378
Conceptual Framework	p. 378
Rehabilitation Settings	p. 379
University Programs	p. 379
Community Centers and Agencies	p. 381
Military	p. 382
Consumer Groups	p. 383
Hospitals, Medical Offices, Private Practice Audiologists, and Hearing Instrument Specialists	p. 383
Rehabilitation Assessment	p. 383
Assessing Impairment	p. 384
Assessing Activity and Participation	p. 385
CORE Assessment Summary	p. 393
Rehabilitation Management	p. 394
Counseling and Psychosocial Considerations	p. 396
Amplification and Instrumental Interventions to Achieve Audibility	p. 403
Remediation for Communication Activities	p. 417
Environmental Coordination and Participation Improvement	p. 421
Further Illustration of CORE and CARE	p. 424
Summary	p. 426
Summary Points	p. 427
Recommended Reading	p. 428
Recommended Websites	p. 428
References	p. 429
Implementing Audiologic Rehabilitation: Case Studies	p. 435
Case Studies: Children	p. 437
Introduction	p. 438
Joey: Family-Centered Intervention: Multiple Disabilities	p. 439
Background Information	p. 439
Previous Rehabilitation	p. 439
Environmental Coordination and Participation	p. 441
Communication Rehabilitation Adjustment	p. 442
Psychosocial and Counseling Aspects	p. 443
Mike: Decision Making by a Student Related to Cochlear Implants	p. 443
Background Information	p. 443
Aural Rehabilitation Plan: Preimplant	p. 444
Aural Rehabilitation Plan: Postimplant	p. 445
Intervention Outcomes	p. 446
Summary	p. 447
Amber: Issues Affecting Educational Placement	p. 447
Background Information	p. 447
Assessment Findings	p. 448
Recommendations for Management	p. 451
Follow-up Assessment	p. 451
Greg: Late Identification of a Hard of Hearing Child	p. 452
Background Information	p. 452
Communication Activity Assessment	p. 453
Management	p. 457
Intervention Outcomes	p. 458
Summary	p. 459
Sam: Differential Diagnosis through Professional Teamwork: A Tool for Solving Complex Intervention Problems	p. 459
Assessment	p. 460
Management	p. 462
Summary	p. 466
References and Recommended Reading	p. 466
Recommended Website	p. 466
Case Studies: Adults and Elderly Adults	p. 467
Introduction	p. 467
Dr. M.: Progressive Hearing Loss	p. 468
Case History	p. 468
Audiologic Rehabilitation Assessment	p. 469
Management	p. 470
Summary	p. 471
Mr. B.: Hearing Loss, Depression, and Successful Hearing Aid Use	p. 472
Informational Counseling	p. 472
Rehabilitation Assessment	p. 472
Rehabilitation Management	p. 473
Summary	p. 476
J. D.: AR Featuring a Significant Other	p. 477
Introduction	p. 477
Informational Counseling	p. 477
Rehabilitation Assessment	p. 477
Rehabilitation Management	p. 479
Summary	p. 484
Mrs. D.: Cochlear Implant User	p. 484
Case History	p. 484
Assessment Information	p. 485
Preimplant Management	p. 486
Postimplant Management	p. 487
Summary	p. 489
Mrs. E.: Nursing Home Hearing Aid User	p. 489
Case History	p. 489
Diagnostic Information	p. 489
Audiologic Rehabilitation	p. 489
Summary	p. 491
Summary Points	p. 491
Recommended Reading	p. 492
References	p. 492
Author Index	p. 493
Subject Index	p. 499
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