Summary

Native Peoples of North America. An Introduction to Native North America provides a basic introduction to the native peoples of North America, including both the United States and Canada. It covers the history of research, basic prehistory, the European invasion and the impact of Europeans on Native cultures. Additionally, much of the book is written from the perspective of the ethnographic present, and the various cultures are described as they were at the specific times noted in the text. Teaching and Learning Experiences Personalize Learning- MySearchLab delivers proven results in helping students succeed, provides engaging experiences that personalize learning, and comes from a trusted partner with educational expertise and a deep commitment to helping students and instructors achieve their goals. Improve Critical Thinking- An Introduction to Native North America provides internet resources for students to supplement reading material, and contains an extensive bibliography to aid in their research. Engage Students- An Introduction to Native North America highlights important individuals in "VIP Profile" mini-biographies, and contains "Sidelights" throughout the text which provides short explanations of interesting aspects of native culture. Support Instructors- Teaching your course just got easier! You can create a Customized Text or use our Instructor's Manual, Electronic "MyTest" Test Bank or PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Plus, An Introduction to Native North America's organization was designed to be used in conjunction with the Handbook of North American Indians, published by the Smithsonian Institution. Note: MySearchLab does no come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MySearchLab, please visitwww.MySearchLab.comor you can purchase a valuepack of the text + MySearchLab (VP ISBN-10: 0205245196, VP ISBN-13: 9780205245192)

Author Biography

In This Section:

I. Author Bio

II. Author Letter

I. Author Bio

Mark Q. Sutton began his career in anthropology in 1968. While still in high school, he took advantage of the opportunity to participate in archaeological excavations conducted by the local Community College. He went on to earn a BA (1972), an MA (1977), and a Ph.D (1987) in anthropology. He has worked as an archaeologist for the US Air Force, the US Bureau of Land Management, various private consulting firms, and taught at a number of community colleges and universities. He taught at California State University, Bakersfield from 1987 to 2007 where he retired as Emeritus Professor of Anthropology. He now works for Statistical Research, Inc. in San Diego. Dr. Sutton works on understanding hunter-gatherer adaptations to arid environments but has also investigated entomophagy, prehistoric diet and technology, and optimal foraging theory. Dr. Sutton has worked at more than 120 sites in North America and has published over 160 books, monographs, and papers on archaeology and anthropology.

II. Author Letter

Dear Colleague,

The purpose of this letter is to introduce you to the new edition (fourth) of my book Introduction to Native North America. Over the years, I have worked with, been associated with, and served a number of Native people from a variety of groups in California. When I took my first Indians class, my Professor was an Oglala woman and in the years since, some of my students have been Natives working on native issues. In addition, I have also spent some time in the Southwest and the Great Basin and have visited the Northwest Coast. While I have not been everywhere in North America, I have developed an appreciation for Native peoples.

I had taught the class many times before I decided to write the first edition, primarily out of my belief that I could offer a better organization and approach than the texts I had been using. The book has been successful, so its users generally seem to agree with my original thinking. The second and third editions focused primarily on fixing errors, updating sections, providing study questions, and instructor resources, which were all important improvements.

For the fourth edition, however, I focused on a major expansion of Chapter 13, Contemporary Issues. This expanded treatment came at the behest of reviewers (thank you all!) so that their students could better grasp today’s issues and problems. It was a great suggestion and I expended a great deal of energy in that effort, resulting in the fourth edition being much stronger in this area. Of course, I still worked to update the book; I added some new photographs and fixed some errors. I am very pleased with the new book.

What’s not to like? The book is well organized, clearly written, understandable, and student-friendly, if I say so myself. Even lay-people like it as a general reference. I am sure that you will find the book a great choice for you and your students. Of course, nothing is perfect and I am always open to suggestions, so please let me know what you think and how I can improve the work by emailing me at msutton@csub.edu.

Sincerely,

Mark Q. Sutton

Emeritus Professor of Anthropology

California State University, Bakersfield

Found in this section:

1. Brief Table of Contents

2. Comprehensive Table of Contents

1. Brief Table of Contents

Preface ix

1 Introduction 1

2 European Invasion 24

3 Native Peoples of the Arctic 44

4 Native Peoples of the Subarctic 82

5 Native Peoples of the Plateau 102

6 Native Peoples of the Northwest Coast 123

7 Native Peoples of the Great Basin 151

8 Native Peoples of California 177

9 Native Peoples of the Southwest 202

10 Native Peoples of the Plains 258

11 Native Peoples of the Northeast 298

12 Native Peoples of the Southeast 334

13 Contemporary Issues 368

Other Issues 377

Internet Resources for Materials on Native Americans 378

Glossary 379

References and Suggested Readings 382

Index 404

2. Comprehensive Table of Contents

Preface ix

1 Introduction 1

The Geography of North America 1

Culture Areas 4

Native North Americans 5

A Brief History of Research on Native North Americans 12

SIDELIGHT: The Domesticated “Wilderness” 15

A General Prehistory of North America 16

SIDELIGHT: Weapons and Hunting Technologies 20

SIDELIGHT: The Practice of Scalping ??

2 European Invasion 24

The Norse Discovery 24

Columbus and the Early Exploration of North America 25

European Colonies in North America 26

Governmental Policies Toward Native Americans 28

The Cultural and Biological Impacts of European Intrusion 36

SIDELIGHT: European Disease in the New World 37

The Spanish Mission System 38

The Fur Trade 41

SIDELIGHT: Native Tobacco: Then and Now 42

3 Native Peoples of the Arctic 44

Geography and Environment 46

A Basic Prehistory of the Arctic 48

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 50

A Broad Portrait of Arctic Groups 51

SIDELIGHT: Arctic Art 61

Learn More About Contemporary Arctic Peoples 62

4 Native Peoples of the Subarctic 82

Geography and Environment 82

A Basic Prehistory of the Subarctic 83

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 86

A Broad Portrait of Subarctic Groups 86

Learn More About Contemporary Subarctic Peoples 92

5 Native Peoples of the Plateau 102

Geography and Environment 102

A Basic Prehistory of the Plateau 104

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 106

A Broad Portrait of Plateau Groups 107

SIDELIGHT: The Modoc War 108

Learn More About Contemporary Plateau Peoples 112

VIP PROFILE: Chief Joseph 116

6 Native Peoples of the Northwest Coast 123

Geography and Environment 123

A Basic Prehistory of the Northwest Coast 125

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 128

A Broad Portrait of Northwest Coast Groups 129

SIDELIGHT: Art of the Northwest Coast 136

VIP PROFILE: Chief Seathl 138

Learn More About Contemporary Northwest Coast Peoples 139

7 Native Peoples of the Great Basin 151

Geography and Environment 151

A Basic Prehistory of the Great Basin 153

VIP PROFILE: Sarah Winnemucca, Northern Paiute Leader 156

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 158

A Broad Portrait of Great Basin Groups 159

SIDELIGHT: The Ghost Dance Religion 164

Learn More About Contemporary Great Basin Peoples 167

8 Native Peoples of California 177

Geography and Environment 178

A Basic Prehistory of California 178

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 182

A Broad Portrait of California Indians 182

VIP PROFILE: Ishi: “The Last Wild Indian in North America” 184

Learn More About Contemporary California Peoples 187

9 Native Peoples of the Southwest 202

Geography and Environment 203

A Basic Prehistory of the Southwest 204

VIP PROFILE: Geronimo, Apache Leader 209

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 210

A Broad Portrait of Southwestern Pueblo Groups 211

A Broad Portrait of Non-Pueblo Southwestern Groups 216

SIDELIGHT: The Myth of Don Juan 217

Learn More About Contemporary Southwestern Peoples 219

SIDELIGHT: The Navajo–Hopi Land Dispute 224

10 Native Peoples of the Plains 258

Geography and Environment 258

A Basic Prehistory of the Plains 260

VIP PROFILE: Sitting Bull, Hunkpapa Leader 264

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 266

A Broad Portrait of Plains Groups 267

Learn More About Contemporary Plains Peoples 276

The Cheyenne: A Plains Case Study 277

The Pawnees: A Plains Case Study 286

11 Native Peoples of the Northeast 298

Geography and Environment 298

A Basic Prehistory of the Northeast 300

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 304

A Broad Portrait of Northeastern Groups 305

VIP PROFILE: Pocahontas 306

Learn More About Contemporary Northeastern Peoples 312

VIP PROFILE: Hiawatha 315

12 Native Peoples of the Southeast 334

Geography and Environment 334

SIDELIGHT: The Development of the Seminole 340

A Brief History of Ethnographic Research 342

A Broad Portrait of Southeastern Groups 342

Learn More About Contemporary Southeastern Peoples 348

VIP PROFILE: Sequoyah: Cherokee Leader 351

13 Contemporary Issues 368

A Revival of Native Culture 369

SIDELIGHT: Visiting Native North America 370

Native American Politics 370

Tourism 376

Native American Religion 376

The Peyote Religion 376

Other Issues 377

Internet Resources for Materials on Native Americans 378

Glossary 379

References and Suggested Readings 382

Index 404

Supplemental Materials

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

Excerpts

Preface One of the major goals of this fourth edition was to reorganize and expand the chapter on Contemporary Issues, add some new photos, to correct errors, and to update all of the other materials in the book, particularly the sections on prehistory. The recently published A Prehistory of North America (Sutton 2010) is also organized by culture area and can serve as a companion volume to this edition of Native North America. As with the third edition, an Instructor¿s Manual and Test Bank are available to supplement this fourth edition. What¿s New in this Edition * revised treatments of prehistory for each culture area * a major reorganization and expansion of Chapter 13, Contemporary Issues * expansion of the section on Governmental Policies * addition of new research findings and updating of existing information