Introduction to Nuclear Engineering

by Lamarsh, John R.; Baratta, Anthony J.

• ISBN13: 9780201824988
• ISBN10: 0201824981
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-03-21
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

The third edition of this popular book is updated to include a completely revised discussion of reactor technology, an improved discussion of the reactor physics, and a more detailed discussion of basic nuclear physics and models. bull; Introduces the basics of the shell model of the nucleus and a beginning discussion of quantum mechanics. Discusses both U.S. and non-U.S. reactor designs, as well as advanced reactors. Provides for a more detailed understanding of both reactor statics and kinetics. Includes updated information on reactor acidents and safety.

Author Biography

Anthony Baratta is currently a Professor of Nuclear Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University and Director of the Nuclear Safety Center. He received the B.A/B.S. degrees in physics/applied physics from Columbia University in 1968 and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from Brown University in 1970 and 1978, respectively. His research interests and contributions include reactor safety, reactor kinetics and physics, and the effects of radiation on materials. He has authored many scientific publications and made numerous presentations. He is an active member of the American Nuclear Society and has appeared on many network television and radio broadcasts as an authority on reactor accidents, including the accident at Three Mile Island.

Table of Contents

Nuclear Engineering	1	(5)
Atomic and Nuclear Physics	5	(47)
Fundamental Particles	5	(2)
Atomic and Nuclear Structure	7	(1)
Atomic and Molecular Weight	8	(3)
Atomic and Nuclear Radii	11	(1)
Mass and Energy	11	(3)
Particle Wavelengths	14	(1)
Excited States and Radiation	15	(3)
Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay	18	(4)
Radioactivity Calculations	22	(4)
Nuclear Reactions	26	(3)
Binding Energy	29	(4)
Nuclear Models	33	(4)
Gases, Liquids, and Solids	37	(3)
Atom Density	40	(12)
References	44	(1)
Problems	45	(7)
Interaction of Radiation with Matter	52	(65)
Neutron Interactions	52	(2)
Cross-Sections	54	(3)
Neutron Attenuation	57	(3)
Neutron Flux	60	(2)
Neutron Cross-Section Data	62	(6)
Energy Loss in Scattering Collisions	68	(6)
Fission	74	(16)
γ-Ray Interactions with Matter	90	(10)
Charged Particles	100	(17)
References	109	(1)
Problems	110	(7)
Nuclear Reactors and Nuclear Power	117	(113)
The Fission Chain Reaction	117	(2)
Nuclear Reactor Fuels	119	(10)
Non-Nuclear Components of Nuclear Power Plants	129	(4)
Components of Nuclear Reactors	133	(3)
Power Reactors and Nuclear Steam Supply Systems	136	(49)
Nuclear Cycles	185	(16)
Isotope Separation	201	(16)
Fuel Reprocessing	217	(2)
Radioactive Waste Disposal	219	(11)
References	223	(1)
Problems	224	(6)
Neutron Diffusion and Moderation	230	(36)
Neutron Flux	230	(1)
Fick's Law	231	(4)
The Equation of Continuity	235	(2)
The Diffusion Equation	237	(1)
Boundary Conditions	238	(2)
Solutions of the Diffusion Equation	240	(6)
The Diffusion Length	246	(2)
The Group-Diffusion Method	248	(4)
Thermal Neutron Diffusion	252	(5)
Two-Group Calculation of Neutron Moderation	257	(9)
References	260	(1)
Problems	260	(6)
Nuclear Reactor Theory	266	(61)
One-Group Reactor Equation	266	(5)
The Slab Reactor	271	(3)
Other Reactor Shapes	274	(8)
The One-Group Critical Equation	282	(4)
Thermal Reactors	286	(11)
Reflected Reactors	297	(11)
Multigroup Calculations	308	(1)
Heterogeneous Reactors	309	(18)
References	320	(1)
Problems	321	(6)
The Time-Dependent Reactor	327	(76)
Classification of Time Problems	328	(2)
Reactor Kinetics	330	(18)
Control Rods and Chemical Shim	348	(17)
Temperature Effects on Reactivity	365	(11)
Fission Product Poisoning	376	(13)
Core Properties during Lifetime	389	(14)
References	397	(1)
Problems	398	(5)
Heat Removal From Nuclear Reactors	403	(63)
General Thermodynamic Considerations	404	(4)
Heat Generation in Reactors	408	(9)
Heat Flow by Conduction	417	(11)
Heat Transfer to Coolants	428	(13)
Boiling Heat Transfer	441	(9)
Thermal Design of a Reactor	450	(16)
References	457	(2)
Problems	459	(7)
Radiation Protection	466	(82)
History of Radiation Effects	467	(1)
Radiation Units	468	(8)
Some Elementary Biology	476	(3)
The Biological Effects of Radiation	479	(6)
Quantitative Effects of Radiation on the Human Species	485	(10)
Calculations of Radiation Effects	495	(4)
Natural and Man-Made Radiation Sources	499	(7)
Standards of Radiation Protection	506	(5)
Computations of Exposure and Dose	511	(15)
Standards for Intake of Radionuclides	526	(9)
Exposure from γ-Ray Sources	535	(13)
Glossary	539	(3)
References	542	(2)
Problems	544	(4)
Radiation Shielding	548	(64)
Gamma-Ray Shielding: Buildup Factors	549	(10)
Infinite Planar and Disc Sources	559	(7)
The Line Source	566	(5)
Internal Sources	571	(2)
Multilayered Shields	573	(3)
Nuclear Reactor Shielding: Principles of Reactor Shielding	576	(2)
Removal Cross-Sections	578	(6)
The Reactor Shield Design: Removal-Attenuation Calculations	584	(4)
The Removal-Diffusion Method	588	(2)
Exact Methods	590	(5)
Shielding γ-Rays	595	(4)
Coolant Activation	599	(5)
Ducts in Shields	604	(8)
References	605	(1)
Problems	606	(6)
Reactor Licensing, Safety, and The Environment	612	(149)
Governmental Authority and Responsibility	613	(1)
Reactor Licensing	614	(9)
Principles of Nuclear Power Plant Safety	623	(8)
Dispersion of Effluents from Nuclear Facilities	631	(19)
Radiation Doses from Nuclear Plants	650	(19)
Reactor Siting	669	(12)
Reactor Accidents	681	(20)
Accident Risk Analysis	701	(9)
Environmental Radiation Doses	710	(21)
References	721	(2)
Problems	723	(8)
APPENDIXES
I Units and Conversion Factors	731	(6)
II Fundamental Constants and Data	737	(8)
III Vector Operations in Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates	745	(6)
IV Thermodynamic and Physical Properties	751	(6)
V Bessel Functions	757	(4)
Index	761

Excerpts

Preface to Third Edition This revision is derived from personal experiences in teaching introductory and advanced level nuclear engineering courses at the undergraduate level. In keeping with the original intent of John Lamarsh, every attempt is made to retain his style and approach to nuclear engineering education. Since the last edition, however, considerable changes have occurred in the industry. The changes include the development of advanced plant designs, the significant scale-back in plant construction, the extensive use of high speed computers, and the opening of the former Eastern Block countries and of the Soviet Union. From a pedagogical view, the World Wide Web allows access to many resources formerly only available in libraries. Attempts are made to include some of these resources in this edition. In an attempt to update the text to include these technologies and to make the text useful for the study of non-western design reactors, extensive changes are made to Chapter 4,Nuclear Reactors and Nuclear Power.The chapter is revised to include a discussion of Soviet-design reactors and technology. The use, projection, and cost of nuclear power worldwide is updated to the latest available information. In Chapter 11,Reactor Licensing and Safety,the Chernobyl accident is discussed along with the latest reactor safety study, NURG 1150. A section is also included that describes non-power nuclear accidents such, as Tokai-Mura. The basic material in Chapters 2-7 is updated to include newer references and to reflect the author's experience in teaching nuclear engineering. Throughout the text, the references are updated were possible to include more recent publications. In many topic areas, references to books that are dated and often out of print had to be retained, since there are no newer ones available. Since these books are usually available in college libraries, they should be available to most readers. Chapter 9 is retained in much its same form but is updated to include a more complete discussion of the SI system of units and of changes in philosophy that have occurred in radiation protection. Since many of these changes have yet to reach general usage, however, the older discussions are still included. As in the second edition, several errors were corrected and undoubtedly new ones introduced. Gremlins never sleep!