Joint Structure and Function : A Comprehensive Analysis

by Cynthia C. Norkin; Pamela K. Levangie; Linda D. Crane

• ISBN13: 9780803665774
• ISBN10: 0803665776
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1992-01-01
• Publisher: DAVIS

Summary

The prototype of this text was developed 8 years ago in response to a perceived need for a single source that would provide entry-level knowledge in biomechanics, muscle physiology, joint structure, and coordinated muscular function for physical therapy students. Through the years the content was modified and broadened in response to feedback from students and practitioners, as well as reviews of recent literature. What evolved was a transdisciplinary text that not only encompasses basic theory required to understand normal and pathologic function, but also provides the foundation for understanding current trends in musculoskeletal evaluation and treatment.

Table of Contents

Basic Concepts in Biomechanics	1	(56)
Outline	1	(1)
Objectives	2	(1)
Kinematics: Description of Motion	3	(5)
Kinetics: Analysis of Forces	8	(20)
Concurrent Force Systems	28	(4)
Parallel Force Systems	32	(9)
Moment Arm of Force	41	(5)
Force Components	46	(5)
Equilibrium of Levers	51	(6)
Joint Structure and Function	57	(35)
Outline	57	(1)
Objectives	57	(1)
Joint Design	58	(2)
Joint Categories	60	(8)
Joint Function	68	(5)
Materials Used in Human Joints	73	(13)
General Effects of Disease, Injury, and Immobilization	86	(6)
Muscle Structure and Function	92	(33)
Outline	92	(1)
Objectives	92	(1)
Introduction	93	(1)
Elements of Muscle Structure	94	(10)
Muscle Function	104	(21)
The Vertebral Column	125	(53)
Outline	125	(1)
Objectives	125	(1)
General Structure and Function	126	(18)
Regional Structure and Function	144	(14)
Muscles of the Vertebral Column	158	(5)
General Effects of Aging, Injury, and Development Deficits	163	(7)
Appendix: The Muscles of the Vertebral Column	170	(8)
The Thorax and Chest Wall	178	(15)
Linda D. Crane
Outline	178	(1)
Objectives	178	(1)
General Structure and Function	179	(1)
Rib Cage	180	(6)
Diaphragm	186	(1)
Abdomen	187	(1)
Coordination and Integration of Ventilatory Motions	188	(1)
Developmental Aspects of Structure and Function	189	(1)
Changes in Normal Structure and Function	190	(3)
The Temporomandibular Joint	193	(14)
Jan F. Perry
Outline	193	(1)
Objectives	193	(1)
General Features	194	(1)
Structure	194	(6)
Function	200	(4)
Dysfunctions	204	(3)
The Shoulder Complex	207	(33)
Outline	207	(1)
Objectives	207	(1)
Components of the Shoulder Complex	208	(20)
Integrated Function of the Shoulder Complex	228	(12)
The Elbow Complex	240	(22)
Outline	240	(1)
Objectives	240	(1)
General Features	241	(1)
Structure: Humeroulnar and Humeroradial Joints	242	(4)
Function: Humeroulnar and Humeroradial Joints	246	(4)
Structure: Superior and Inferior Radioulnar Joints	250	(3)
Function: Radioulnar Joints	253	(2)
Mobility and Stability: Elbow Complex	255	(1)
Effects of Immobilization and Injury	256	(6)
The Wrist and Hand Complex	262	(38)
Outline	262	(1)
Objectives	262	(2)
The Wrist Complex	264	(8)
The Hand Complex	272	(18)
Prehension	290	(6)
Functional Position of the Wrist and Hand	296	(4)
The Hip Complex	300	(37)
Outline	300	(1)
Objectives	300	(1)
Understanding the Hip Joint	301	(1)
Structure of the Hip Joint	302	(10)
Function of the Hip Joint	312	(19)
Hip Joint Pathology	331	(6)
The Knee Complex	337	(42)
Outline	337	(1)
Objectives	337	(2)
Structure of the Tibiofemoral Joint	339	(13)
Knee Joint Function	352	(14)
The Patellofemoral Joint	366	(6)
Effects of Injury and Disease	372	(7)
The Ankle-Foot Complex	379	(40)
Outline	379	(1)
Objectives	380	(1)
Introduction	380	(1)
Ankle Joint	381	(7)
The Subtalar Joint	388	(6)
Talocalcaneonavicular Joint	394	(2)
Transverse Tarsal Joint	396	(3)
Tarsometatarsal Joints	399	(3)
Metatarsophalangeal Joints	402	(3)
Interphalangeal Joints	405	(1)
Plantar Arches	405	(5)
Muscles of the Ankle and Foot	410	(3)
Deviations from Normal Structure and Function	413	(6)
Posture	419	(29)
Outline	419	(1)
Objectives	419	(1)
Introduction	420	(3)
External and Internal Forces	423	(5)
Optimal Posture	428	(1)
Analysis of Posture	428	(14)
Effects of Age, Pregnancy, Occupation, and Recreation on Posture	442	(6)
Gait	448	(49)
Outline	448	(1)
Objectives	448	(1)
General Features	449	(1)
Kinematics	449	(15)
Energy Requirements	464	(1)
Kinetics	465	(15)
Kinematics and Kinetics of the Trunk and Upper Extremities	480	(1)
Stair and Running Gaits	481	(4)
Joint Motion and Muscle Activity in Running Gait	485	(2)
Effects of Age, Disease, Injury, and Malalignment	487	(10)
Index	497