The Laboratory Swine, Second Edition

by Bollen; Peter J. A.

• ISBN13: 9781439815281
• ISBN10: 1439815283
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-02-22
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

Since the popular first edition was published more than a decade ago, the number of swine used in toxicity studies has increased as an alternative to commonly used non-rodent species, such as dogs and primates. A volume in the Laboratory Animal Pocket Reference Series , The Laboratory Swine, Second Edition maintains the high standard set by the previous edition and is poised to continue its legacy as the premier laboratory reference on the care and use of swine in the laboratory.Emphasizes Humane Care and Use of Laboratory SwineAddressing the biology, husbandry, management, veterinary care and research applications of both large and miniature swine, this color reference is a complete source of information on the species. It is thoroughly updated and includes a major revision to the anesthetics section. It also places a heightened focus on animal welfare and addresses important considerations related to genetically modified swine. The book is divided into six parts:Important Biological Features examines everything from different breeds and behavior, to anatomical and physiological features, as well as digestive, cardiovascular, and pulmonary systems Husbandry addresses housing, nutrition, sanitation, transportation, and more Management and Quality Assurance looks at the impact of infections on animal research using swine, zoonotic diseases, legal regulations, genetic monitoring, and more Veterinary Care covers a variety of topics, such as clinical examination, diseases, pain recognition, and post-operative management Experimental Techniques addresses restraint, sampling techniques, basic surgical procedures, and other issues Resources provides extensive references for further study, including handbooks, journals, and websitesThe Laboratory Swine, Second Edition is ideal for animal caretakers, technicians, investigators, and laboratory animal veterinarians as a single-source reference that contributes to the humane care and use of swine in research.

Table of Contents

preface	p. xi
authors	p. xiii
important biological features	p. 1
breeds	p. 1
The Landrace	p. 3
The Yorkshire, or Large while	p. 3
The Duroc	p. 3
The Hampshire	p. 4
The Piétrain	p. 5
Other Breeds	p. 5
Hybrid Breeds	p. 5
Miniature Breeds	p. 6
The Vietnamese Potbelly Pig	p. 6
The Ossabaw Island Hog	p. 6
Nomenclature	p. 6
behavior	p. 8
anatomical and physiological features	p. 9
Integument and Skeleton	p. 9
Digestive System	p. 10
Abdominal Organs	p. 10
Cardiovascular System	p. 10
Pulmonary System	p. 11
Lymphatic and Endocrine System	p. 11
normative values	p. 11
husbandry	p. 15
housing	p. 15
environmental conditions	p. 17
Temperature and Humidity	p. 18
Ventilation	p. 18
Illumination	p. 19
Noise	p. 19
environmental enrichment	p. 19
Group Housing	p. 19
Individual Housing	p. 20
nutrition	p. 21
Nutrient Requirements	p. 21
Feeding Levels	p. 22
sanitation	p. 24
Frequency	p. 24
Methods	p. 25
transportation	p. 25
record keeping	p. 26
securing welfare	p. 26
management and quality assurance	p. 29
microbiological monitoring	p. 29
Infections in Swine and Their Impact on Experiments	p. 29
Pathological Changes, Clinical Disease, and Mortality	p. 29
Immunomodulation	p. 30
Physiological Modulation	p. 30
Competition between Microorganisms within the Animal	p. 30
Interference with Reproduction	p. 31
Interference with Oncogenesis	p. 31
Contamination of Biological Products	p. 31
Impact of the Normal Flora	p. 31
Zoonotic Diseases	p. 32
Legal Regulations	p. 32
Precautions to Prevent Infections	p. 34
Rederivation	p. 35
Barrier Protection	p. 36
Health Monitoring	p. 37
Common Findings in Health Monitoring	p. 41
genetic monitoring	p. 41
accreditation	p. 42
AAALAC International	p. 42
ISO 9000	p. 43
veterinary care	p. 45
clinical examination of swine	p. 45
microbiological sampling	p. 46
diseases of swine	p. 46
therapeutic treatment	p. 50
pathological examination	p. 51
anesthesia and analgesia	p. 52
Acclimatization	p. 52
Clinical Examination Prior to Anesthesia	p. 52
Preoperative Fasting	p. 53
Premedication	p. 53
Ear Vein Catheter	p. 56
Induction of Anesthesia	p. 56
Endotracheal Intubation	p. 57
Cricothyrotomy	p. 59
Artificial Ventilation	p. 59
Thermal Support	p. 60
Maintenance of Anesthesia	p. 60
Inhalation Anesthesia	p. 60
Halothane	p. 60
Isoflurane	p. 61
Desflurane	p. 61
Sevoflurane	p. 61
Enflurane	p. 61
Nitrous Oxide	p. 61
Injectable Anesthesia	p. 62
Propofol	p. 62
Ketamine and Other Dissociatives	p. 63
Barbiturates	p. 63
Adrenoreceptor (¿2) Agonists	p. 64
Benzodiazepines	p. 64
Alpha-Chloralose	p. 64
Medetomidine-Butorphanol-Ketamine (MBK)	p. 64
Supplementary Analgesia	p. 64
Fluid Infusion	p. 65
Depth of Anesthesia	p. 65
Monitoring during Anesthesia	p. 65
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents	p. 66
Postoperative Management	p. 67
Clinical Signs of Postoperative Pain	p. 67
Postoperative Analgesics	p. 68
Anesthetic Emergencies	p. 69
Laryngospasm and Edema	p. 70
euthanasia	p. 71
experimental techniques	p. 73
restraint	p. 74
sampling techniques	p. 75
Blood Sampling	p. 75
Urine and Feces	p. 78
Cerebrospinal Fluid	p. 79
Bile and Pancreatic Excretions	p. 79
administration of compounds	p. 80
basic surgical procedures	p. 81
Catheterization	p. 82
The Carotid Artery and the Internal Jugular Vein	p. 82
The Carotid Artery	p. 82
The Internal Jugular Vein	p. 83
The External Jugular Vein	p. 83
The Cephalic Vein	p. 83
The Femoral Artery and Vein	p. 83
Laparotomy	p. 84
Portal Vein Cannulation	p. 84
The Hepatic Vein	p. 84
The Pancreatic Duct	p. 84
Exteriorization of Catheters	p. 85
Catheter Sizes and Material	p. 85
Catheter Maintenance	p. 86
safety testing of chemicals and drugs	p. 86
Dermal Toxicology	p. 86
Acute and Chronic Systemic Toxicology	p. 87
necropsy	p. 90
Equipment	p. 90
Preservation	p. 92
Procedure	p. 92
special issues regarding gene-modified swine	p. 93
resources	p. 95
associations	p. 95
books	p. 99
journals	p. 100
internet, resources	p. 103
swine and diet, and equipment	p. 103
Miniature Swine Resources	p. 104
Diet Resources	p. 104
references	p. 107
index	p. 119
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