Language Disorders Across The Lifespan

by Vinson, Betsy P.

• ISBN13: 9781418009540
• ISBN10: 1418009547
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-07-13
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Language Disorders Across the Lifespan, Second Edition is a core introductory text on language disorders written specifically for the novice reader. It is unique in that it covers language disorders across the lifespan, that is, from birth to old age. The book is organized into three sections: Language Delays and Disorders in Preschool Children, Language Disorders in School-Age Children, and Language Disorders in Adults. Common clinical considerations in the diagnosis and treatment of language delays and disorders are woven throughout each chapter. Case study reviews are also found throughout the text to illuminate real world implications of the disorders.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
PART I LANGUAGE DELAYS AND DISORDERS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN	1	(208)
Classification of Language Abnormalities Based on Normal Development and Features of Language	3	(27)
Learning Objectives	4	(1)
Introduction	4	(1)
Who Is at Risk?	5	(1)
Language Development	6	(3)
Language Delays	9	(2)
Language Disorders	11	(10)
Language Differences	21	(3)
Summary	24	(1)
Case Study	25	(2)
Review Questions	27	(3)
Classification of Language Abnormalities Based on Etiology and Diagnostic Labels	30	(47)
Learning Objectives	31	(1)
Introduction	31	(1)
Genetic and Chromosomal Syndromes	32	(13)
Motor and Sensory Deficits	45	(6)
Language Disorders Associated with Prematurity and/or High-Risk Infancy	51	(1)
Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Other Drugs	52	(5)
Cytomegalovirus Infection	57	(2)
Specific Language Impairment	59	(2)
Cognitive Disabilities	61	(3)
Autism/Pervasive Developmental Delay	64	(5)
Acquired Language Disorders	69	(1)
Summary	70	(1)
Case Study	70	(2)
Review Questions	72	(5)
General Considerations in Assessment of Language Deficits in Infants and Preschool Children	77	(63)
Learning Objectives	78	(1)
Introduction	78	(2)
Objectives of the Assessment and Diagnostic Process	80	(2)
Application of the Scientific Model to the Diagnostic Process	82	(24)
Summary	106	(1)
Case Study	106	(3)
Review Questions	109	(4)
Appendix 3A: Assessment of Language Development	113	(6)
Appendix 3B: Sample Case History for Pediatric Language Cases	119	(9)
Appendix 3C: Guidelines for Symbolic Play Scale Administration	128	(5)
Appendix 3D: Early Communication Checklist	133	(3)
Appendix 3E: Sampler of Frequently Used Tests to Assess for Language of Preschoolers	136	(4)
Treatment of Language Delays and Disorders in Preschool Children	140	(34)
Learning Objectives	141	(1)
Introduction	141	(1)
The Environment	142	(3)
Presymbolic and Symbolic Communication	145	(5)
Therapeutic Principles and Procedures	150	(8)
The Treatment Sequence	158	(7)
Treatment Suggestions Based on Etiology	165	(3)
Summary	168	(1)
Case Study	169	(2)
Review Questions	171	(3)
Persistence of Language Deficits Throughout the Lifespan	174	(35)
Learning Objectives	175	(1)
Introduction	175	(3)
Language Development in School-Age Children	178	(6)
Specific Language Impairment	184	(1)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects	184	(4)
Children Prenatally Exposed to Cocaine and/or Other Drugs	188	(1)
Children with Cognitive Disabilities	189	(2)
Down Syndrome	191	(4)
Fragile X Syndrome	195	(1)
Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disabilities	196	(3)
Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome	199	(1)
Attention Deficit Disorder with or without Hyperactivity	199	(1)
Summary	200	(1)
Case Study	201	(2)
Review Questions	203	(6)
PART II LANGUAGE DISORDERS IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN	209	(206)
Language-Based Learning Disabilities in the School-Age Population	211	(34)
Learning Objectives	212	(1)
Introduction	212	(2)
Curricular Demands Based on Language	214	(1)
Identification of Children at Risk	215	(5)
Definitions of Learning Disabilities	220	(2)
Clinical Findings	222	(5)
Specific Language Impairment	227	(4)
Auditory Processing Disorders	231	(5)
Summary	236	(1)
Case Study	236	(4)
Review Questions	240	(5)
Spelling and Reading Disorders	245	(48)
Learning Objectives	246	(1)
Normal Reading	246	(3)
Early Indicators of Reading and Spelling Disabilities	249	(1)
Problem Areas for Readers in Trouble	249	(4)
Dyslexia	253	(5)
Assessment and Diagnosis of Reading Disabilities	258	(4)
Cultural Diversity Issues in the Assessment of Reading Disorders	262	(2)
Addressing Reading Disorders in the School Setting	264	(10)
Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist in Diagnosing and Treating Developmental Reading and Spelling Disabilities	274	(1)
Summary	274	(1)
Case Study	275	(12)
Review Questions	287	(6)
Attention Deficit Disorder and Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity	293	(31)
Learning Objectives	294	(1)
Introduction	294	(1)
Definition of ADD and ADHD	295	(1)
ADD/ADHD and Other Labels	296	(2)
What Causes ADD/ADHD?	298	(1)
Three Categories of Symptoms of ADD/ADHD	299	(1)
Seven Fragile Control Systems	300	(3)
Diagnosing ADD/ADHD	303	(7)
Treatment of ADD/ADHD	310	(1)
Four Areas of Management of ADD and ADHD	310	(5)
Summary	315	(1)
Case Study	315	(5)
Review Questions	320	(4)
Language After Traumatic Brain Injury	324	(33)
Learning Objectives	325	(1)
Introduction	325	(1)
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Defined	326	(2)
Types of Injuries	328	(5)
Effects of Closed Head Injury (CHI) and TBI	333	(4)
Pediatric versus Adult Aphasia	337	(3)
Assessment	340	(4)
Stages of Recovery / Improvement	344	(1)
Treatment	345	(2)
Summary	347	(1)
Case Study	348	(4)
Review Questions	352	(5)
Assessment of Language Disorders in School-Age Children	357	(32)
Learning Objectives	358	(1)
Introduction	358	(1)
Components of the Evaluation	358	(10)
Testing Children with Auditory Processing Disorders	368	(3)
Testing Language Skills in Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI)	371	(1)
Testing Language Skills in School-Age Children with Cognitive Challenges	372	(1)
Testing Language Skill in Children with ADHD	373	(3)
Multicultural Issues in the Assessment of School-Age Children	376	(4)
Summary	380	(1)
Case Study	380	(3)
Review Questions	383	(6)
Treatment in the School-Age Population	389	(26)
Learning Objectives	390	(1)
Introduction	390	(2)
Eligibility for Therapy	392	(1)
Models of Intervention	393	(3)
Individualized Education Plans (IEPs)	396	(1)
Treatment Sequence	397	(1)
Intervention with Elementary School-Age Children	398	(2)
Intervention with Adolescents	400	(1)
Addressing Written Language Problems in Children with Language-Based Learning Disabilities	401	(1)
Multicultural Issues in Language Therapy	401	(4)
Summary	405	(1)
Case Study	406	(6)
Review Questions	412	(3)
PART III LANGUAGE DISORDERS IN ADULTS	415	(90)
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Types of Dementia	417	(31)
Learning Objectives	418	(1)
Introduction	418	(1)
What Is Dementia?	419	(1)
Types of Dementia	419	(5)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)	424	(1)
Alzheimer's Disease	424	(10)
Pick's Disease	434	(1)
Multi-infarction Diseases	435	(1)
Subcortical Dementias	435	(3)
The Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist	438	(1)
Treatment Suggestions	439	(2)
Summary	441	(1)
Case Study	442	(1)
Review Questions	443	(5)
Aphasia in Adults	448	(57)
Learning Objectives	449	(1)
Introduction	449	(1)
What Is Aphasia?	450	(3)
Diagnostic Examination	453	(18)
Aphasia Syndromes	471	(13)
Recovery and General Treatment Strategies	484	(8)
Treatment Efficacy and Functional Outcomes	492	(1)
Summary	493	(1)
Case Study	493	(3)
Review Questions	496	(9)
Appendix A Suggested Reading List on Language Abnormalities in Preschool Children	505	(3)
Appendix B Suggested Reading List on Multicultural Aspects of Language Disorders	508	(2)
Appendix C Suggested Reading List on Language Abnormalities in School-Age Children	510	(3)
Appendix D Suggested Reading List on Language Abnormalities in Adults	513	(2)
Appendix E Answers to Review Questions	515	(2)
Glossary	517	(19)
Index	536