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9780321056764

Learning A Survey of Psychological Interpretations

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780321056764

  • ISBN10:

    0321056760

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2001-09-11
  • Publisher: Pearson
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List Price: $159.99

Summary

Built around eight controversial questions on which the various learning theories differ, this text examines the biological basis of learning and motivation. An accessible survey of the theories that have provided a framework for the psychological study of learning and motivation in the 20th century, this book looks at learning through the lenses of the nurture-nature issue and evolution. Motivation is treated as a crucial aspect of the learning process.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
How Psychologists Study Learning
1(10)
Learning in School
2(2)
Learning in the Laboratory
4(7)
The Nature of Learning Theories
11(12)
Variables and Laws
11(2)
Abstraction
13(2)
What Are Learning Theories?
15(8)
Two Early Connectionist Theories
23(12)
Pavlov's Conditioning
23(7)
Thorndike's Early Connectionism
30(5)
Contiguity Interpretations of Learning
35(15)
Watson's Behaviorism
35(5)
Guthrie's One-Principle System
40(9)
Guthrie and Watson as Contiguity Theorists
49(1)
Hull's Formal Theory Building
50(13)
The Postulational Method of Theory Construction
50(2)
The Theory
52(4)
Strengths and Weaknesses of Hull's System
56(2)
Hull's Influence on Other Theorists
58(5)
Skinner's Form of Behaviorism
63(14)
The Basic Elements of Skinner's System
63(6)
The Effects of Reinforcers
69(8)
Applications and Implications of Skinner's System
77(11)
Behavior Modification
77(4)
Education
81(1)
Other Applications
82(2)
Skinner's Relation to Other Psychologists
84(4)
Early European Cognitive Theory
88(14)
Gestalt Theory
88(7)
Piaget and Cognitive Development
95(7)
Early American Cognitive Theory
102(13)
Tolman's Purposive Behaviorism
102(7)
Tolman's Continuing Influence
109(2)
The Cognitive Revolution
111(4)
Cognitions, Computers, and Production Systems
115(13)
Computers and Learning Theory
115(5)
Anderson's ACT Theory
120(8)
Later Cognitive and Mixed Interpretations
128(17)
Cognitive Interpretation of Classical Conditioning
128(2)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
130(4)
Explanatory Styles
134(2)
The Structure of Learning
136(2)
Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory
138(7)
The New Connectionism
145(10)
Problems with Computer Models
145(1)
Network Models
146(6)
Applications and Evaluation
152(3)
Issues in Motivation
155(15)
Interpretations of Drive and Reinforcement
155(3)
Responses as Reinforcers
158(4)
Cybernetics
162(3)
Opponent-Process Theory
165(5)
Heredity, Evolution, and Learning
170(12)
Species-Specific Behavior
171(2)
Preparedness
173(2)
Implications for Learning Theory
175(2)
The Place of Heredity in Behavior
177(5)
Learning Theory Past, Present, and Future
182(11)
Issues on Which Learning Theories Divide
182(4)
Criteria for an Ideal Theory
186(3)
The Present-Day Value of Learning Theories
189(4)
Summary List of Theorists 193(2)
Glossary 195(6)
References 201(6)
Index 207

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