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9780134047645

Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing, Compact Edition Plus MyLiteratureLab -- Access Card Package

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    9780134047645

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    0134047648

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  • Copyright: 2015-01-21
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For introductory courses in Literature.


Cultivate a Love of Literature…

A streamlined version of Kennedy/Gioia’s acclaimed literary anthology, Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing, Compact Edition, 8/e is a book to lead readers beyond the boundaries of self to see the world through the eyes of others. The authors developed this text with two major goals in mind: to introduce college students to the appreciation and experience of literature in its major forms and to develop students’ abilities to think critically and communicate effectively through writing.  The book is built on the assumption that great literature can enrich and enlarge the lives it touches. Both editors, literary writers themselves, believe that textbooks should be not only informative and accurate but also lively, accessible, and engaging.

 

Personalize Learning with MyLiteratureLab ®

MyLiteratureLab is an online resource that works with our literature anthologies to provide engaging experiences to instructors and students.
 
MyLiteratureLab is an online resource that works with our literature anthologies to provide engaging experiences to instructors and students.
 
Students can access new content that fosters an understanding of literary elements, which provides a foundation for stimulating class discussions. This simple and powerful tool offers state-of-the-art audio and video resources along with practical tools and flexible assessment. The Literature Collection eText within MyLiteratureLab includes more than 700 selections and valuable multimedia resources–including professional performances, biographies of key authors, contextual videos, interactive student papers–that bring literature to life.. 

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0134047648 / 9780134047645  Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing, Compact Edition Plus MyLiteratureLab - Access Card Package

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  • 0133931269 / 9780133931266 - MyLiteratureLab - Glue-in Access Card
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  • 0321971957 / 9780321971951 - Kennedy/Gioia, Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing, Compact Edition, 8/e


Table of Contents

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NOTE: Both Brief and Comprehensive Tables of Contents are listed below.


BRIEF CONTENTS


FICTION

1. Reading a Story

2. Point of View

3. Character

4. Setting

5. Tone and Style

6. Theme

7. Symbol

8. Reading Long Stories and Novels

9. Genre Fiction

10. Critical Casebook: Two Stories in Depth


POETRY

Talking with Kay Ryan.

12. Reading a Poem

13. Listening to a Voice

14. Words

15. Saying and Suggesting

16. Imagery

17. Figures of Speech

18. Song

19. Sound

20. Rhythm

21. Closed Form

22. Open Form

23. Symbol

24. Myth and Narrative

25. Poetry and Personal Identity

26. Poetry in Spanish: Literature of Latin America

27. Recognizing Excellence

28. What is Poetry?

29. Three Critical Casebooks: Emily Dickinson, Langston Hughes, and Robert Frost

30. Critical Casebook: T.S. Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"

31. Poems for Further Reading


DRAMA

Talking with David Ives


32. Reading a Play

33. Tragedy and Comedy

34. Critical Casebook: Sophocles

35. Critical Casebook: Shakespeare

36. The Modern Theater

37. Evaluating a Play

38. Plays for Further Reading


WRITING

39. Writing About Literature

40. Writing About a Story

41. Writing About a Poem

42. Writing About a Play

43. Writing a Research Paper

44. Writing an Essay Exam

45. Critical Approaches to Literature


Glossary of Literary Terms

Literary Credits

Photo Credits

Index of Major Themes

Index of First Lines of Poetry

Index of Authors and Titles

Index of Literary Terms




COMPREHENSIVE CONTENTS


FICTION


1      READING A STORY 

THE ART OF FICTION  

TYPES OF SHORT FICTION  

 

Sufi Legend, Death Has an Appointment in Samarra 

A student tries to flee from Death in this brief, sardonic fable.  

Aesop, The North Wind and the Sun  

The North Wind and the Sun argue who is stronger and decide to try their powers on an unsuspecting traveler.

Bidpai, The Tortoise and the Geese  

A fable that gives another dimension to Andrew Lang’s quip, “He missed an invaluable opportunity to hold his tongue.”

 

Chuang Tzu , Independence  

The Prince of Ch’u asks the philosopher Chuang Tzu to become his advisor and gets a surprising reply in this classic Chinese fable.   

Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm , Godfather Death  

Neither God nor the Devil came to the christening. In this stark folktale, a young man receives magical powers with a string attached.   

PLOT  

THE SHORT STORY  

John Updike , A & P  

In walk three girls in nothing but bathing suits, and Sammy finds himself no longer an aproned checkout clerk but an armored knight.   

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Wilhelm Grimm on Writing , On the Nature of Fairy Tales

THINKING ABOUT PLOT  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Plot  

TOPICS FOR WRITING on plot  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


2      POINT OF VIEW  

IDENTIFYING POINT OF VIEW  

TYPES OF NARRATORS  

how much does a narrator know?  

STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS  

William Faulkner , A Rose for Emily  

Proud, imperious Emily Grierson defied the town from the fortress of her mansion. Who could have guessed the secret that lay within?   

Edgar Allan Poe , The Tell-Tale Heart

The smoldering eye at last extinguished, a murderer finds that, despite all his attempts at a cover-up, his victim will be heard.

Eudora Welty , Why I Live at the P.O.  

Since no one appreciates Sister, she decides to live at the Post Office. After meeting her family, you won’t blame her.

James Baldwin , Sonny’s Blues  

Two brothers in Harlem see life differently. The older brother is the sensible family man, but Sonny wants to be a jazz musician.  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

James Baldwin on Writing, Race and the African American Writer  

THINKING ABOUT POINT OF VIEW  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Point of View  

topics for writing ON POINT OF VIEW  

TERMS FOR REVIEW

 

3      CHARACTER  

CHARACTERization

Motivation

Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall  

For sixty years Ellen Weatherall has fought back the memory of that terrible day, but now once more the priest waits in the house.   

Joyce Carol Oates , Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? 

Alone in the house, Connie finds herself helpless before the advances of Arnold Friend, a spellbinding imitation teenager.

Neil Gaiman , How to Talk to Girls at Parties

Two teenage boys try to navigate their way through a party filled with exotic, mysterious girls.

Raymond Carver , Cathedral  

He had never expected to find himself trying to describe a cathedral to a blind man. He hadn’t even wanted to meet this odd, old friend of his wife.   

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Raymond Carver on Writing , Commonplace but Precise Language  

THINKING ABOUT CHARACTER  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Character  

topics for writing ON CHARACTER  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


4      SETTING  

ELEMENTS OF SETTING  

HISTORICAL FICTION  

REGIONALISM  

NATURALISM  

Kate Chopin , The Storm  

Even with her husband away, Calixta feels happily, securely married. Why then should she not shelter an old admirer from the rain?   

Jack London, To Build a Fire  

Seventy-five degrees below zero. Alone except for one mistrustful wolf dog, a man finds himself battling a relentless force.   

Jorge Luis Borges, The Gospel According to Mark    

A young man from Buenos Aires is trapped by a flood on an isolated ranch. To pass the time, he reads the Gospel to a family with unforeseen results.       

Amy Tan, A Pair of Tickets  

A young woman flies with her father to China to meet two half sisters she never knew existed.   

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Amy Tan on Writing, Developing a Setting

THINKING ABOUT SETTING  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Setting  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SETTING  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


5      TONE AND STYLE  

TONE  

STYLE  

DICTION  

Ernest Hemingway , A Clean, Well-Lighted Place  

All by himself each night, the old man lingers in the bright café. What does he need more than brandy?   

William Faulkner , Barn Burning  

This time when Ab Snopes wields his blazing torch, his son Sarty faces a dilemma: whether to obey or defy the vengeful old man.   

IRONY  

O. Henry, The Gift of the Magi  

A young husband and wife find ingenious ways to buy each other Christmas presents, in the classic story that defines the word “irony.”  

Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour    

“There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name.”  

 

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Ernest Hemingway on Writing, The Direct Style  

THINKING ABOUT TONE AND STYLE  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Tone and Style  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON TONE AND STYLE  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


6      THEME  

PLOT VERSUS THEME  

summarizing the THEME  

FINDING THE THEME  

Chinua Achebe , Dead Men’s Path  

The new headmaster of the village school was determined to fight superstition, but the villagers did not agree.  

Sandra Cisneros , The House on Mango Street 

Does where we live tell what we are? A little girl dreams of a new house, but things don’t always turn out the way we want them to.

Luke, The Parable of the Prodigal Son  

A father has two sons. One demands his inheritance now and leaves to spend it with ruinous results.   

Kurt Vonnegut Jr ., Harrison Bergeron  

Are you handsome? Off with your eyebrows! Are you brainy? Let a transmitter sound thought-shattering beeps inside your ear.   

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Kurt Vonnegut Jr. on Writing, The Themes of Science Fiction  

THINKING ABOUT THEME  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Theme  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON THEME  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


7      SYMBOL  

ALLEGORY  

SYMBOLS  

RECOGNIZING SYMBOLS  

John Steinbeck , The Chrysanthemums  

Fenced-in Elisa feels emotionally starved—then her life promises to blossom with the arrival of the scissors-grinding man.  

Tobias Wolff , Bullet in the Brain

 Anders is in line when armed robbers enter the bank, and he can’t help but get involved.

Ursula K. Le Guin, The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas  

Omelas is the perfect city. All of its inhabitants are happy. But everyone’s prosperity depends on a hidden evil.   

Shirley Jackson, The Lottery  

Splintered and faded, the sinister black box had worked its annual terror for longer than anyone in town could remember.  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Shirley Jackson on Writing , Biography of a Story  

THINKING ABOUT SYMBOLS  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Symbols  

Sample Student Paper on Symbols, An Analysis of the Symbolism in Steinbeck’s “The Chrysanthemums”  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SYMBOLS  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


8      READING LONG STORIES AND NOVELS  

ORIGINS OF THE NOVEL  

NOVELISTIC METHODS  

READING NOVELS  

Franz Kafka , The Metamorphosis  

“When Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a monstrous insect.” Kafka’s famous opening sentence introduces one of the most chilling stories in world literature.   

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Franz Kafka on Writing , Discussing The Metamorphosis  

THINKING ABOUT LONG STORIES AND NOVELS  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Long Stories and Novels  

TOPICS FOR WRITING on long stories and novels  

TERMS FOR REVIEW  

 

9          GENRE FICTION

ROMANCE VERSUS REALISM  

WHAT IS GENRE?  

TYPES OF GENRE FICTION  

GENRE AND POPULAR CULTURE 

Ray Bradbury, A Sound of Thunder 

In 2055, you can go on a Time Safari to hunt dinosaurs 60 million years ago. But put one foot wrong, and suddenly the future’s not what it used to be.

Ursula K. Le Guin , The Wife’s Story 

Another full moon, and another terrible transformation—a surprising reversal of a familiar story.                                                                   

H. P. Lovecraft , The Outsider 

He had been locked in a gothic castle for his entire life, until the day he escaped, but what he discovered outside sent him running back to his dark captivity.                                                              

Dashiell Hammett , One Hour

Someone killed a man named Newhouse in broad daylight on a San Francisco street. Our detective is on the case.

                                                                     

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Ray Bradbury on Writing , Falling in Love at the Library 

TOPICS FOR WRITING  

TERMS FOR REVIEW  

 

10   CRITICAL CASEBOOK Two Stories in Depth      

 Charlotte Perkins Gilman   

The Yellow Wallpaper  

A doctor prescribes a “rest cure” for his wife after the birth of their child. The new mother tries to settle in to life in the isolated and mysterious country house they have rented for the summer. The cure proves worse than the disease in this Gothic classic.

 

CHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN ON WRITING  

Why I Wrote “The Yellow Wallpaper”  

Whatever Is  

The Nervous Breakdown of Women  

 

CRITICS ON “THE YELLOW WALLPAPER”  

Juliann Fleenor, Gender and Pathology in “The Yellow Wallpaper”  

Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar , Imprisonment and Escape: The Psychology of Confinement  

 

ALICE WALKER   

Everyday Use  

When successful Dee visits from the city, she has changed her name to reflect her African roots. Her mother and sister notice other things have changed, too.  

 

ALICE WALKER ON WRITING  

Reflections on Writing and Women’s Lives  

CRITICS ON “EVERYDAY USE”  

Barbara T. Christian, “Everyday Use” and the Black Power Movement  

Mary Helen Washington, “Everyday Use” as a Portrait of the Artist  

Houston A. Baker and Charlotte Pierce-Baker , Stylish vs. Sacred in “Everyday Use”  

 

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

TOPICS FOR WRITING  

 

11    STORIES FOR FURTHER READING  

Sherman Alexie, This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona  

The only one who can help Victor when his father dies is a childhood friend he’s been avoiding for years.   

Margaret Atwood, Happy Endings  

John and Mary meet. What happens next? This witty experimental story offers five different outcomes.   

Ambrose Bierce , An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge  

At last, Peyton Farquhar’s neck is in the noose. Reality mingles with dream in this classic story of the American Civil War.   

T. Coraghessan Boyle , Greasy Lake  

Murky and strewn with beer cans, the lake appears a wasteland. On its shore three “dangerous characters” learn a lesson one grim night.   

Willa Cather , Paul’s Case  

Paul’s teachers can’t understand the boy. Then one day, with stolen cash, he boards a train for New York and the life of his dreams.   

Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown

Urged on through deepening woods, a young Puritan sees—or dreams he sees—good villagers hasten toward a diabolic rite.

Zora Neale Hurston , Sweat  

Delia’s hard work paid for her small house. Now her drunken husband Sykes has promised it to another woman.   

Ha Jin , Saboteur

When the police unfairly arrest Mr. Chiu, he hopes for justice. After witnessing their brutality, he quietly plans revenge.

James Joyce, Araby  

If only he can find her a token, she might love him in return. As night falls, a Dublin boy hurries to make his dream come true.  

Jamaica Kincaid , Girl  

“Try to walk like a lady, and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming.” An old-fashioned mother tells her daughter how to live. 

Katherine Mansfield, Miss Brill

Sundays had long brought joy to solitary Miss Brill, until one fateful day when she happened to share a bench with two lovers in the park.

Guy de Maupassant , The Necklace 

A woman enjoys one night of luxury—and then spends years of her life paying for it.

Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried  

What each soldier carried into the combat zone was largely determined by necessity, but each man’s necessities differed.  

Flannery O’Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find   

Wanted: The Misfit, a cold-blooded killer. An ordinary family vacation leads to horror—and one moment of redeeming grace.   

Juan Rulfo , Tell Them Not to Kill Me!                             

A violent episode from decades past catches up with an old man. Will he be saved from the firing squad?

Virginia Woolf , A Haunted House  

Whatever hour you woke, a door was shutting. From room to room the ghostly couple walked, hand in hand.   

 

POETRY

Talking with Kay Ryan 


12  READING A POEM  

POETRY OR VERSE  

HOW TO READ A POEM  

Paraphrase  

William Butler Yeats, The Lake Isle of Innisfree  

Lyric Poetry  

Robert Hayden, Those Winter Sundays  

Adrienne Rich, Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers  

Narrative Poetry  

Anonymous, Sir Patrick Spence  

Robert Frost, “Out, Out—”  

DRAMATIC POETRY  

Robert Browning, My Last Duchess  

DIDACTIC POETRY  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Adrienne Rich on Writing, Recalling “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers”  

THINKING ABOUT PARAPHRASING  

William Stafford, Ask Me  

William Stafford, A Paraphrase of “Ask Me”  

CHECKLIST: Writing a Paraphrase  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON PARAPHRASING  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


13  LISTENING TO A VOICE  

TONE  

Theodore Roethke, My Papa’s Waltz  

Stephen Crane, The Wayfarer

Anne Bradstreet, The Author to Her Book  

Walt Whitman, To a Locomotive in Winter  

Emily Dickinson, I like to see it lap the Miles  

Gwendolyn Brooks, Speech to the Young. Speech to the Progress-Toward  

Weldon Kees, For My Daughter  

THE SPEAKER IN THE POEM  

Natasha Trethewey, White Lies  

Edwin Arlington Robinson, Luke Havergal  

Anonymous, Dog Haiku  

William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud  

Dorothy Wordsworth, Journal Entry  

Charlotte Mew, The Farmer’s Bride

William Carlos Williams, The Red Wheelbarrow  

IRONY  

Robert Creeley, Oh No  

W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen  

Sharon Olds, Rite of Passage  

Edna St. Vincent Millay, Second Fig  

Thomas Hardy, The Workbox  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

William Blake, The Chimney Sweeper  

Amy Uyematsu, Deliberate 

Richard Lovelace, To Lucasta  

Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Wilfred Owen on Writing, War Poetry  

THINKING ABOUT TONE  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Tone  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON TONE  

Sample Student Paper, Word Choice, Tone, and Point of View in Roethke’s “My Papa’s Waltz”  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


14  WORDS  

LITERAL MEANING: WHAT A POEM SAYS FIRST  

William Carlos Williams, This Is Just to Say  

DICTION  

John Masefield, Cargoes

Robert Graves, Down, Wanton, Down!  

John Donne, Batter my heart, three-personed God, for You  

THE VALUE OF A DICTIONARY  

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Aftermath  

J. V. Cunningham, Friend, on this scaffold Thomas More lies dead  

Samuel Menashe, Bread  

Carl Sandburg, Grass  

WORD CHOICE AND WORD ORDER  

Robert Herrick, Upon Julia’s Clothes  

Kay Ryan, Blandeur  

Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid  

Wendy Cope, Lonely Hearts  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

E. E. Cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town  

Anonymous, Carnation Milk  

Gina Valdés, English con Salsa  

William Wordsworth , My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold 

William Wordsworth , Mutability

Lewis Carroll, Jabberwocky  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Lewis Carroll, Humpty Dumpty Explicates “Jabberwocky”  

THINKING ABOUT DICTION  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Diction  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON WORD CHOICE  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


15  SAYING AND SUGGESTING  

DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION  

William Blake, London  

Wallace Stevens, Disillusionment of Ten O’Clock  

E. E. Cummings, next to of course god america i  

Timothy Steele, Epitaph  

Diane Thiel, The Minefield  

H.D. , Sea Rose

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Tears, Idle Tears  

Richard Wilbur, Love Calls Us to the Things of This World  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Richard Wilbur on Writing, Concerning “Love Calls Us to the Things of This World”  

THINKING ABOUT DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION  

CHECKLIST: Writing About What a Poem Says and Suggests  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


16 IMAGERY  

Ezra Pound, In a Station of the Metro  

Taniguchi Buson, The piercing chill I feel  

IMAGERY  

T. S. Eliot, The winter evening settles down  

Theodore Roethke, Root Cellar  

Elizabeth Bishop, The Fish  

Emily Dickinson, A Route of Evanescence  

Jean Toomer, Reapers  

Gerard Manley Hopkins, Pied Beauty  

ABOUT HAIKU  

Arakida Moritake, The falling flower  

Matsuo Basho, Heat-lightning streak  

Matsuo Basho, In the old stone pool  

Taniguchi Buson, On the one-ton temple bell  

Taniguchi Buson, Moonrise on mudflats  

Kobayashi Issa, only one guy  

Kobayashi Issa, Cricket  

HAIKU FROM JAPANESE INTERNMENT CAMPS  

Suiko Matsushita, Rain shower from mountain  

Suiko Matsushita, Cosmos in bloom  

Hakuro Wada, Even the croaking of frogs  

Neiji Ozawa, The war—this year  

CONTEMPORARY HAIKU  

Nick Virgilio , The Old Neighborhood

Lee Gurga , Visitor’s Room

Adelle Foley, Learning to Shave  

Jennifer Brutschy, Born Again  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

John Keats, Bright star! would I were steadfast as thou art  

Walt Whitman, The Runner  

H.D., Heat  

William Carlos Williams, El Hombre  

Li Po, Drinking Alone by Moonlight 

Robert Bly, Driving to Town Late to Mail a Letter  

Stevie Smith, Not Waving but Drowning  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Ezra Pound on Writing, The Image  

THINKING ABOUT IMAGERY  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Imagery  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON IMAGERY  

Sample Student Paper, Faded Beauty: Elizabeth Bishop’s Use of Imagery in “The Fish”  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


17  FIGURES OF SPEECH  

WHY SPEAK FIGURATIVELY?  

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The Eagle  

William Shakespeare, Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?  

Howard Moss, Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day?  

METAPHOR AND SIMILE  

Emily Dickinson, My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun  

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Flower in the Crannied Wall  

William Blake, To see a world in a grain of sand  

Sylvia Plath, Metaphors  

N. Scott Momaday, Simile  

Craig Raine, A Martian Sends a Postcard Home  

OTHER FIGURES OF SPEECH  

James Stephens, The Wind  

Robinson Jeffers, Hands  

Margaret Atwood, You fit into me  

Timothy Steele, Epitaph  

Dana Gioia, Money  

Carl Sandburg, Fog  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

Jane Kenyon, The Suitor  

Robert Frost, The Secret Sits  

Kay Ryan, Turtle  

Emily Brontë, Love and Friendship  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Robert Frost on Writing, The Importance of Poetic Metaphor  

THINKING ABOUT METAPHORS  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Metaphors  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON FIGURES OF SPEECH  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


18 SONG  

SINGING AND SAYING  

Ben Jonson, To Celia  

William Shakespeare, Fear no more the heat o’ the sun  

Edwin Arlington Robinson, Richard Cory  

Paul Simon, Richard Cory  

BALLADS  

Anonymous, Bonny Barbara Allan  

Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham  

BLUES  

Bessie Smith with Clarence Williams, Jailhouse Blues  

W. H. Auden, Funeral Blues  

RAP  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

Neko Case , This Tornado Loves You

Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin’  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Bob Dylan on Writing, Rhythm, Rime, and Songwriting from the Outside

THINKING ABOUT POETRY AND SONG  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Song Lyrics  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SONG LYRICS  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


19  SOUND  

SOUND AS MEANING  

William Butler Yeats, Who Goes with Fergus?  

Edgar Allan Poe, from Ulalume

William Wordsworth, A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal  

ALLITERATION AND ASSONANCE  

Frances Cornford , The Watch

James Joyce, All day I hear  

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The splendor falls on castle walls  

RIME  

William Cole, On my boat on Lake Cayuga  

Hilaire Belloc, The Hippopotamus  

Bob Kaufman, No More Jazz at Alcatraz  

William Butler Yeats, Leda and the Swan  

Gerard Manley Hopkins, God’s Grandeur  

How to read a POEM ALOUD  

Michael Stillman, In Memoriam John Coltrane  

T. S. Eliot, Virginia  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

T. S. Eliot on Writing, The Music of Poetry  

THINKING ABOUT A POEM’S SOUND  

CHECKLIST: Writing About a Poem’s Sound  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SOUND  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


20  RHYTHM  

STRESSES AND PAUSES  

STRESS AND Meaning  

line endings  

Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool  

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Break, Break, Break  

George Gordon , Lord Byron,   So We’ll Go No More a-Roving

Dorothy Parker, Résumé  

METER  

Edna St. Vincent Millay, Counting-out Rhyme  

A. E. Housman, When I was one-and-twenty  

William Carlos Williams, Smell!  

Walt Whitman, Beat! Beat! Drums!  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Gwendolyn Brooks on Writing, Hearing “We Real Cool”  

THINKING ABOUT RHYTHM  

CHECKLIST: Scanning a Poem  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON RHYTHM  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


21  CLOSED FORM  

the value of form  

FORMAL PATTERNS  

Ernest Dowson, “Days of Wine and Roses”

John Donne, Song (“Go and catch a falling star”)  

Thomas M. Disch , Zewhyexary

THE SONNET  

William Shakespeare, Let me not to the marriage of true minds  

Edna St. Vincent Millay, What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why  

A. E. Stallings , Aftershocks

R. S. Gwynn, Shakespearean Sonnet  

Sherman Alexie , The Facebook Sonnet

THE EPIGRAM  

Sir John Harrington, Of Treason  

Langston Hughes, Two Somewhat Different Epigrams  

Hilaire Belloc, Fatigue  

Wendy Cope, Variation on Belloc’s “Fatigue”  

Anonymous , Epitaph on a Dentist

OTHER FORMS  

Dylan Thomas, Do not go gentle into that good night  

Robert Bridges, Triolet  

Paul Laurence Dunbar , We Wear the Mask 

Elizabeth Bishop, Sestina  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

A. E. Stallings on Writing, On Form and Artifice  

THINKING ABOUT A SONNET  

CHECKLIST: Writing About a Sonnet  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON closed form

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


22  OPEN FORM  

Denise Levertov, Ancient Stairway  

FREE VERSE  

E. E. Cummings, Buffalo Bill ’s  

W. S. Merwin, For the Anniversary of My Death  

William Carlos Williams, The Dance  

Stephen Crane, The Heart  

Walt Whitman, Cavalry Crossing a Ford  

Ezra Pound, Salutation  

Wallace Stevens, Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird  

PROSE POETRY  

Charles Simic, The Magic Study of Happiness  

VISUAL POETRY  

George Herbert, Easter Wings  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

E. E. Cummings, in Just-  

Francisco X. Alarcón, Frontera / Border  

Carole Satyamurti, I Shall Paint My Nails Red  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Walt Whitman on Writing , The Poetry of the Future  

THINKING ABOUT FREE VERSE  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Line Breaks  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON OPEN FORM  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


23  SYMBOL  

THE MEANINGS OF A SYMBOL  

T. S. Eliot , The Boston Evening Transcript   

Emily Dickinson, The Lightning is a yellow Fork  

IDENTIFYING SYMBOLS  

Thomas Hardy , Neutral Tones  

ALLEGORY  

Matthew , The Parable of the Good Seed  

George Herbert, Redemption  

Antonio Machado , Proverbios y Cantares (IX)  

      Translated by Dana Gioia , Traveler  

Christina Rossetti, Up-Hill  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

William Carlos Williams, The Young Housewife  

Ted Kooser , Carrie  

Mary Oliver, Wild Geese  

William Blake , The Tyger                                        

Tami Haaland, Lipstick  

Lorine Niedecker, Popcorn-can cover  

Wallace Stevens, The Snow Man  

Wallace Stevens, Anecdote of the Jar  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

William Butler Yeats on Writing , Poetic Symbols  

THINKING ABOUT SYMBOLS  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Symbols  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SYMBOLISM  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


24  MYTH AND NARRATIVE  

The subjects and uses OF MYTH  

origins OF MYTH  

Robert Frost, Nothing Gold Can Stay  

William Wordsworth, The world is too much with us  

H. D., Helen  

ARCHETYPE  

Louise Bogan, Medusa  

John Keats, La Belle Dame sans Merci  

PERSONAL MYTH  

William Butler Yeats, The Second Coming  

Diane Thiel, Memento Mori in Middle School

MYTH AND POPULAR CULTURE  

for review and further study

A. E. Stallings, First Love: A Quiz  

Alfred , Lord Tennyson , Ulysses 

Anne Sexton, Cinderella  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Diane Thiel on Writing, The Map of Myth

THINKING ABOUT MYTH  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Myth  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON MYTH  

Sample Student Paper, The Bonds Between Love and Hatred in H.D.’s “Helen”  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


25  POETRY AND PERSONAL IDENTITY  

CONFESSIONAL POETRY  

Sylvia Plath, Lady Lazarus  

IDENTITY POETICS  

Rhina Espaillat, Bilingual/Bilingüe  

CULTURE, RACE, AND ETHNICITY  

Claude McKay, America  

Shirley Geok-lin Lim, Riding into California  

Judith Ortiz Cofer, Quinceañera  

Sherman Alexie, The Powwow at the End of the World  

Yusef Komunyakaa, Facing It  

GENDER  

Anne Stevenson, The Victory  

Rafael Campo, For J. W.  

James Wright, Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio

Adrienne Rich, Women  

FOR REVIEW AND FURTHER STUDY  

Philip Larkin, Aubade  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Rhina Espaillat on Writing, Being a Bilingual Writer  

THINKING ABOUT POETIC VOICE AND IDENTITY  

CHECKLIST: Writing About Voice and Personal Identity  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON PERSONAL IDENTITY  

terms for review  


26  POETRY IN SPANISH: LITERATURE OF LATIN AMERICA  

Sor Juana, Presente en que el Cariño Hace Regalo la Llaneza  

Translated by Diane Thiel, A Simple Gift Made Rich by Affection  

Pablo Neruda, Muchos Somos  

Translated by Alastair Reid, We Are Many  

Jorge Luis Borges, On his blindness  

Translated by Robert Mezey, On His Blindness  

Octavio Paz, Con los ojos cerrados  

Translated by Eliot Weinberger, With eyes closed  

SURREALISM IN LATIN AMERICAN POETRY  

Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas  

César Vallejo, La cólera que quiebra al hombre en niños  

Translated by Thomas Merton, Anger  

CONTEMPORARY MEXICAN POETRY  

José Emilio Pacheco, Alta Traición  

Translated by Alastair Reid, High Treason  

Elva Macías , Comí los frutos elegidos                                                                      

Translated by Kimberly Gooden, I Ate the Fruits Chosen by the Wind

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Alastair Reid on Writing, Translating Neruda  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON SPANISH POETRY 


27  RECOGNIZING EXCELLENCE  

Anonymous, O Moon, when I gaze on thy beautiful face  

Emily Dickinson, A Dying Tiger – moaned for Drink  

SENTIMENTALITY  

Rod McKuen, Thoughts on Capital Punishment  

William Stafford, Traveling Through the Dark  

RECOGNIZING EXCELLENCE  

William Butler Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium  

Arthur Guiterman, On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness  

Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias  

Robert Hayden, The Whipping  

Elizabeth Bishop, One Art  

Langston Hughes , I, Too

John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale  

Walt Whitman, O Captain! My Captain!  

Emma Lazarus, The New Colossus  

Edgar Allan Poe, Annabel Lee  

WRITING EFFECTIVELY  

Edgar Allan Poe on Writing, A Long Poem Does Not Exist  

THINKING ABOUT EVALUATING A POEM  

CHECKLIST: Writing an Evaluation  

TOPICS FOR WRITING ON EVALUATING A POEM  

TERMS FOR REVIEW 


28  WHAT IS POETRY?  

some definitions of poetry  

Dante, Samuel Johnson, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Wordsworth, Emily Dickinson, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Robert Frost, Mina Loy, T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden, José Garcia Villa, Elizabeth Bishop, Joy Harjo, Octavio Paz, Denise Levertov, Lucille Clifton, Charles Simic, –

 

29  Three CRITICAL CASEBOOKS Emily Dickinson, Langston Hughes, and Robert Frost 

EMILY DICKINSON 

Success is counted sweetest 

Wild Nights – Wild Nights! 

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain 

I’m Nobody! Who are you? 

The Soul selects her own Society 

Much Madness is divinest Sense 

I heard a Fly buzz – when I died 

I started Early – Took my Dog 

Because I could not stop for Death 

Tell all the Truth but tell it slant 

 

EMILY DICKINSON ON WRITING

Recognizing Poetry 

Self-Description 

 

CRITICS ON EMILY DICKINSON 

Thomas H. Johnson, The Discovery of Emily Dickinson’s Manuscripts

Richard Wilbur, The Three Privations of Emily Dickinson 

Cynthia Griffin Wolff, Dickinson and Death (A Reading of “Because I could not stop for Death”) 

Judith Farr, A Reading of “My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun” 

 

LANGSTON HUGHES 

The Negro Speaks of Rivers 

The Negro

My People 

Mother to Son 

Song for a Dark Girl 

Prayer 

Luck

Theme for English B 

Harlem [Dream Deferred] 

Homecoming 

 

LANGSTON HUGHES ON WRITING 

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