Little Literature, A: Reading, Writing, Argument,9780321396198

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Little Literature, A: Reading, Writing, Argument

by Barnet, Sylvan; Burto, William E.; Cain, William E.

Edition:

1st

ISBN13:

9780321396198

ISBN10:

0321396197

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

1/1/2007

Publisher(s):

Longman

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Summary

Featuring the smallest trim size and page count of any comparable anthology, this appealing new three-genre collection encourages students to experience the pleasures of reading literature. A Little Literature: Reading, Writing, and Argumentoffers a compact and economical alternative to bulky anthologies. Despite the brevity of this compilation, a judicious mix of classic and contemporary selectionsfrom Sophocles and Shakespeare to Amy Tan and Tobias Wolffoffers ample reading choices for instructors and students. Concise, yet complete, editorial apparatus provides guidance on reading, writing, and, most particularly, developing arguments about literature.

Preface

xix

Letter to Students

xxv

Part 1 Reading, Thinking, and Writing Critically about Literature

(74)

Writing Arguments about Literature: A Crash Course in Critical Thinking and Writing

(30)

Getting Ideas for Writing: Asking Questions and Annotating a Text

(3)

William Shakespeare, Sigh no more, ladies, sigh no more

(3)

Literature as Performance

(1)

A Second Poem and Two Interpretations

(11)

Robert Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

(1)

What Characterizes a Sound Interpretation?

(1)

Student Essay: Peter Franken, The Meaning of ``Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening''

(2)

Thinking Critically about Responses to Literature: Arguing with Yourself

(2)

Student Essay: Sara Fong, ``Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening'' as a Short Story

(5)

Four Very Short Stories

(7)

Emily Wu, The Lesson of the Master

(1)

Powder, Tobias Wolff

(4)

Mitsuye Yamada, The Question of Loyalty

(1)

Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool

(1)

Why We Write Arguments about Literature

(1)

The Writing Process

(5)

Checklist: Basic Writing Strategies

(1)

Reading for Pleasure

(2)

Writing about Literature: From Idea to Essay

(42)

More about Writing Arguments about Literature

(1)

Getting Ideas: Pre-Writing

(11)

Pat Mora, Immigrants

(2)

Brainstorming for Ideas for Writing

(1)

Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour

(3)

Focused Free Writing

(1)

Listing and Clustering

(1)

Developing an Awareness of the Writer's Use of Language

(1)

Asking Questions

(2)

Keeping a Journal

(1)

Arriving at a Thesis to Argue

(1)

Writing a Draft

(4)

Sample Draft of an Essay on Kate Chopin's ``The Story of an Hour''

(3)

Revising a Draft

(1)

Checklist: Revising Paragraphs

(2)

Peer Review

(2)

Checklist: Thinking Critically about a Draft

(1)

The Final Version

(3)

A Brief Overview of the Final Version

(1)

Explication

(5)

A Sample Explication

(1)

William Butler Yeats, The Balloon of the Mind

(3)

Explication as Argument

(1)

Checklist: Drafting an Explication

(1)

Comparison and Contrast: A Way of Arguing

(2)

Checklist: Revising a Comparison

(1)

Additional Readings for Pleasure and for Argumentative Writing

(13)

Luke, The Parable of the Prodigal Son

(2)

Grace Paley, Samuel

(3)

Katherine Mansfield, Miss Brill

(4)

James Merrill, Christmas Tree

(4)

PART II The Pleasures of Fiction

(308)

Approaching Fiction: Responding in Writing

(13)

Ernest Hemingway, Cat in the Rain

(3)

Responses: Annotations and Journal Entries

(5)

A Sample Essay by a Student

(5)

Stories and Meanings: Plot, Character, Theme

(22)

Aesop, The Vixen and the Lioness

(1)

W. Somerset Maugham, The Appointment in Samarra

(1)

Anonymous, Muddy Road

(1)

Anton Chekhov, Misery

(9)

Alice Walker, Everyday Use

103

(9)

Narrative Point of View

112

(20)

Participant (or First-Person) Points of View

113

(1)

Nonparticipant (or Third-Person) Points of View

114

(2)

The Point of a Point of View

116

(1)

John Updike, A & P

117

(6)

Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

123

(9)

Allegory and Symbolism

132

(32)

A Note on Setting

135

(1)

Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown

136

(11)

John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums

147

(9)

Eudora Welty, A Worn Path

156

(8)

In Brief: Writing Arguments about Fiction

164

(17)

Plot

164

(1)

Character

165

(1)

Point of View

165

(1)

Setting

166

(1)

Symbolism

166

(1)

Style

166

(1)

Theme

167

(1)

A Story, Notes, and an Essay

167

(1)

Edgar Allan Poe, The Cask of Amontillado

168

(5)

A Student's Written Response to a Story

173

(8)

Notes

173

(3)

A Sample Response Essay

176

(5)

A Fiction Writer in Depth: Flannery O'Connor

181

(38)

A Good Man Is Hard to Find

182

(13)

Revelation

195

(17)

On Fiction: Remarks from Essays and Letters

212

(7)

From ``The Fiction Writer and His Country''

212

(1)

From ``Some Aspects of the Grotesque in Southern Fiction''

213

From ``The Nature and Aim of Fiction''

212

(2)

From ``Writing Short Stories''

214

(1)

``A Reasonable Use of the Unreasonable''

214

(3)

On Interpreting ``A Good Man Is Hard to Find''

217

(2)

American Voices: Fiction for a Diverse Nation

219

(41)

Leslie Marmon Silko, The Man to Send Rain Clouds

220

(4)

Jack Forbes, Only Approved Indians Can Play: Made in USA

224

(2)

Gloria Naylor, The Two

226

(7)

Diana Chang, The Oriental Contingent

233

(6)

Gish Jen, Who's Irish?

239

(9)

Toni Cade Bambara, The Lesson

248

(7)

Michele Serros, Senior Picture Day

255

(5)

A Collection of Short Fiction

260

(123)

Guy de Maupassant, The Necklace

263

(8)

Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper

271

(13)

James Joyce, Araby

284

(5)

William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily

289

(12)

Langston Hughes, One Friday Morning

301

(7)

Ralph Ellison, Battle Royal

308

(12)

Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?

320

(14)

Bobbie Ann Mason, Shiloh

334

(12)

Jamaica Kincaid, Girl

346

(1)

Tim O'Brien, The Things They Carried

347

(15)

Amy Tan, Two Kinds

362

(9)

Elizabeth Tallent, No One's a Mystery

371

(2)

Louise Erdrich, The Red Convertible

373

(10)

PART III The Pleasures of Poetry

383

(232)

Approaching Poetry: Responding in Writing

385

(14)

Langston Hughes, Harlem

385

(7)

Thinking About ``Harlem''

387

(1)

Some Journal Entries

388

(2)

Final Draft

390

(2)

Aphra Behn, Song: Love Armed

392

(7)

Journal Entries

393

(1)

A Sample Essay by a Student: ``The Double Nature of Love''

394

(5)

Narrative Poetry

399

(8)

Anonymous, There was a young fellow of Riga

399

(1)

Thomas Hardy, The Convergence of the Twain

400

(2)

Siegfried Sassoon, The General

402

(1)

Countee Cullen, Incident

403

(1)

Edward Arlington Robinson, Richard Cory

404

(1)

Emily Dickinson, Because I could not stop for Death

405

(2)

Lyric Poetry

407

(15)

Anonymous, Michael Row the Boat Ashore

407

(1)

Anonymous, Careless Love

408

(1)

Anonymous, The Colorado Trail

409

(1)

Anonymous, Western Wind

410

(1)

Julia Ward Howe, Battle Hymn of the Republic

411

(2)

Langston Hughes, Evenin' Air Blues

413

(1)

Li-Young Lee, I Ask My Mother to Sing

414

(1)

Edna St. Vincent Millay, The Spring and the Fall

415

(1)

Wilfred Owen, Anthem for Doomed Youth

416

(1)

Walt Whitman, A Noiseless Patient Spider

417

(1)

John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn

417

(3)

Paul Laurence Dunbar, Sympathy

420

(1)

Linda Pastan, Jump Cabling

421

(1)

The Speaking Tone of Voice

422

(19)

Emily Dickinson, I'm Nobody! Who are you?

423

(2)

Gwendolyn Brooks, The Mother

425

(1)

The Reader as the Speaker

426

(5)

Stevie Smith, Not Waving but Drowning

427

(1)

Wislawa Szymborska, The Terrorist, He Watches

428

(1)

John Updike, Icarus

429

(2)

The Dramatic Monologue

431

(2)

Robert Browning, My Last Duchess

431

(2)

Diction and Tone

433

(4)

Robert Herrick, To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time

434

(2)

Thomas Hardy, The Man He Killed

436

(1)

Countee Cullen, For a Lady I Know

437

(1)

The Voice of the Satirist

437

(4)

e. e. cummings, next to of course god america i

438

(1)

Marge Piercy, Barbie Doll

439

(2)

Figurative Language: Simile, Metaphor, Personification, Apostrophe

441

(15)

Robert Burns, A Red, Red Rose

442

(2)

Sylvia Plath, Metaphors

444

(1)

Simile

445

(1)

Richard Wilbur, A Simile for Her Smile

445

(1)

Metaphor

446

(2)

John Keats, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer

446

(2)

Personification

448

(1)

Michael Drayton, Since There's No Help

448

(1)

Apostrophe

449

(2)

Edmund Waller, Song

449

(2)

William Carlos Williams, The Red Wheelbarrow

451

(1)

Dana Gioia, Money

452

(1)

William Shakespeare, Sonnet 130

453

(1)

Lorna Dee Cervantes, Refugee Ship

454

(2)

Imagery and Symbolism

456

(13)

William Blake, The Sick Rose

457

(1)

Walt Whitman, I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing

458

(3)

Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan

461

(3)

Claude McKay, The Tropics in New York

464

(1)

Adrienne Rich, Diving into the Wreck

465

(2)

Christina Rossetti, Uphill

467

(2)

Irony

469

(10)

Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias

471

(1)

Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress

471

(2)

John Donne, Holy Sonnet XIV (``Batter my heart, three-personed God'')

473

(1)

Martin Espada, Tony Went to the Bodega but He Didn't Buy Anything

474

(2)

Edna St. Vincent Millay, Love Is Not All: It Is Not Meat nor Drink

476

(1)

Henry Reed, Naming of Parts

477

(2)

Rhythm and Versification

479

(90)

Ezra Pound, An Immorality

480

(2)

William Carlos Williams, The Dance

482

(2)

Robert Francis, The Pitcher

484

(1)

Versification: A Glossary for Reference

485

(7)

Meter

485

(3)

Patterns of Sound

488

(1)

A Note about Poetic Forms

489

(2)

Stanzaic Patterns

491

(1)

Three Complex Forms:The Sonnet, the Villanelle, and the Sestina

492

(1)

The Sonnet

492

(1)

William Shakespeare, Sonnet 73 (``That time of year thou mayst in me behold'')

493

(2)

John Crowe Ransom, Piazza Piece

495

(1)

Billy Collins, Sonnet

496

(2)

The Villanelle

497

(1)

Dylan Thomas, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night

498

(1)

Wendy Cope, Reading Scheme

499

(66)

Anonymous, Una gallina con pollos cinco

565

(1)

Gabriela Mistral, El Pensador de Rodin

566

(3)

A Collection of Poems

569

(46)

William Shakespeare, Sonnet 116

569

(1)

John Donne, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning

570

(1)

John Donne, The Flea

571

(1)

Ben Jonson, Still to Be Neat

572

(1)

Robert Herrick, Delight in Disorder

573

(1)

William Blake, The Lamb

573

(1)

William Blake, The Tyger

574

(1)

William Blake, London

575

(1)

William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

575

(1)

Phillis Wheatley, On Being Brought from Africa to America

576

(2)

Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach

578

(1)

Emily Dickinson, Papa above!

579

(1)

Emily Dickinson, Wild Nights---Wild Nights!

580

(1)

Emily Dickinson, I heard a fly buzz---when I died

580

(1)

Gerard Manley Hopkins, God's Grandeur

581

(1)

Gerard Manly Hopkins, Pied Beauty

581

(1)

William Butler Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium

582

(2)

James Weldon Johnson, To America

584

(1)

Edna St. Vincent Millay, Sonnet xli

584

(1)

e. e. cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town

585

(1)

T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

586

(4)

Archibald MacLeish, Ars Poetica

590

(1)

W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen

591

(1)

Robert Hayden, Those Winter Sundays

592

(1)

Gwendolyn Brooks, The Bean Eaters

593

(1)

Gwendolyn Brooks, Martin Luther King Jr.

594

(1)

Anthony Hecht, The Dover Bitch: A Criticism of Life

595

(1)

Robert Bly, Driving to Town Late to Mail a Letter

596

(1)

Allen Ginsberg, A Supermarket in California 1956

596

(2)

James Wright, Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy's Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota

598

(1)

Anne Sexton, Her Kind

598

(1)

Adrienne Rich, For the Felling of an Elm in the Harvard Yard

599

(1)

Sylvia Plath, Daddy

600

(3)

John Updike, Ex-Basketball Player

603

(1)

Pat Mora, Illegal Alien

604

(1)

Pat Mora, Legal Alien

604

(1)

Sharon Olds, Rites of Passage

605

(1)

Nikki Giovanni, Master Charge Blues

606

(1)

Louise Gluck, The School Children

607

(1)

Carol Muske, Chivalry

608

(1)

Wendy Rose, Three Thousand Dollar Death Song

609

(1)

Judith Ortiz Cofer, My Father in the Navy: A Childhood Memory

610

(1)

Rita Dove, Daystar

611

(1)

Kitty Tsui, A Chinese Banquet

612

(3)

PART IV The Pleasures of Drama

615

(497)

How to Read a Play

617

(83)

Thinking about the Language of Drama

617

(4)

Plot and Character

621

(2)

A Note on Tragedy

623

(4)

A Note on Comedy

627

(3)

Susan Glaspell, Trifles

630

(13)

Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie

643

(57)

In Brief: Writing Arguments about Drama

700

(19)

Plot and Conflict

701

(1)

Character

701

(1)

Tragedy

702

(1)

Comedy

702

(1)

Nonverbal Language

703

(1)

The Play in Performance

703

(1)

A Sample Student Essay, Using Sources

704

(15)

American Voices: Drama for a Diverse Nation

719

(165)

Jane Martin, Rodeo

720

(4)

Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman

724

(78)

David Henry Hwang, Trying to Find Chinatown

802

(9)

Luis Valdez, Los Vendidos

811

(12)

August Wilson, Fences

823

(57)

Terrence McNally, Andre's Mother

880

(4)

A Play about Marriage

884

(63)

Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House

884

(63)

Two Classic Tragedies

947

(165)

A Note on the Greek Theater

947

(2)

Sophocles, Oedipus the King

949

(49)

A Note on the Elizabethan Theater

998

(1)

A Note on the Texts of Othello

999

(2)

William Shakespeare, Othello, The Moor of Venice

1001

(111)

APPENDIXES A Remarks about Manuscript Form

1112

(6)

Basic Manuscript Form

1112

(1)

Corrections in the Final Copy

1113

(1)

Quotations and Quotation Marks

1114

(4)

Quotation Marks or Underlining?

1117

(1)

A Note on the Possessive

1117

(1)

B Writing a Research Paper

1118

(28)

What Research Is Not, and What Research Is

1118

(1)

Primary and Secondary Materials

1118

(4)

Locating Material: First Steps

1119

(2)

Other Bibliographic Aids

1121

(1)

What Does Your Own Institution Offer?

1122

(1)

Checklist: Evaluating Sources on the World Wide Web

1123

(1)

Taking Notes

1123

(3)

Two Mechanical Aids:The Photocopier and the Word Processor

1124

(1)

A Guide to Note Taking

1124

(2)

Drafting the Paper

1126

(1)

Keeping a Sense of Proportion

1127

(2)

Focus on Primary Sources

1129

(1)

Checklist: Reviewing a Revised Draft

1129

(1)

Documentation

1130

(1)

What to Document:Avoiding Plagiarism

1130

(1)

Checklist: Avoiding Plagiarism

1131

(14)

How to Document: Footnotes, Internal Parenthetic Citations, and a List of Works Cited (MLA Format)

1132

(12)

Citing Sources on the World Wide Web

1144

(1)

Checklist: Citing Sources on the World Wide Web

1145

(1)

C Writing Essay Examinations

1146

(5)

Why Do Instructors Give Examinations?

1146

(1)

Getting Ready

1147

(1)

Writing Essay Answers

1147

(4)

D The Pleasures of Rereading

1151

(2)

Literary Credits

1153

(7)

Photo Credits

1160

(2)

Index of Terms

1162

(4)

Index of Authors, Titles, and First Lines of Poems

1166

Little Literature, A: Reading, Writing, Argument

9780321396198

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