Preface.
1. The Reading Process.
Stage 1: Get an Overview of the Selection.
First Reading: A Checklist.
Stage 2: Deepen Your Sense of the Selection.
Second Reading: A Checklist.
Stage 3: Evaluate the Selection.
Evaluating a Selection: A Checklist.
Ellen Goodman, Family Counterculture.
2. The Writing Process.
Stage 1: Prewrite.
* Figure 2.1: Stages of the Writing Process
Analyzing Your Audience: A Checklist.
Activities: Prewrite
Stage 2: Identify the Thesis.
Activities: Identify the Thesis
Stage 3: Support the Thesis with Evidence.
Activities: Support the Thesis with Evidence
Stage 4: Organize the Evidence.
Activities: Organize the Evidence
Outlining: A Checklist.
Stage 5: Write the First Draft.
Turning Outline Into First Draft: A Checklist
* Figure 2.2: Structure of an Essay
Activities: Write the First Draft
Stage 6: Revise the Essay.
Stage 7: Edit and Proofread
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activity: Revise the Essay
3. Description.
What Is Description?
How Description Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Description in an Essay.
* Figure 3.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Description Essay.
Revision Strategies.
Description: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Description.
Maya Angelou, Sister Flowers.
* Figure 3.2: Essay Structure Diagram: "Sister Flowers" by Maya Angelou.
Gordon Parks, Flavio's Home.
* Gary Kamiya, Life, Death and Spring.
Additional Writing Topics.
4. Narration.
What Is Narration?
How Narration Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Narration in an Essay.
* Figure 4.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Narration Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Narration: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Narration.
Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July.
* Figure 4.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “The Fourth of July” by Audre Lorde.
* George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant.
* Joan Murray, Someone's Mother.
Additional Writing Topics.
5. Exemplification.
What Is Exemplification?
How Exemplification Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Exemplification in an Essay.
* Figure 5.1 Development Diagram: Writing an Exemplification Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Exemplification: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Exemplification.
Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen.
* Figure 5.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “Tweens: Ten Going On Sixteen” by Kay S. Hymowitz .
Leslie Savan, Black Talk and Pop Culture.
* Eric G. Wilson, The Miracle of Melancholia.
Additional Writing Topics.
6. Division-Classification.
What Is Division-Classification?
How Division-Classification Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Division-Classification in an Essay.
* Figure 6.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Division-Classification Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Division-Classification: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Division-Classification.
Ann McClintock, Propaganda Techniques in Today's Advertising.
* Figure 6.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Propaganda Techniques in Today’s Advertising” by Ann McClintock.
David Brooks, Psst! Human Capital.
* Marion Winik, What Are Friends For?
Additional Writing Topics.
7. Process Analysis.
What Is Process Analysis?
How Process Analysis Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Process Analysis in an Essay.
* Figure 7.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Process Analysis Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Process Analysis: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Process Analysis.
Clifford Stoll, Cyberschool.
* Figure 7.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “Cyberschool” by Clifford Stoll.
David Shipley, Talk About Editing.
Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me about a Happy Marriage.
Additional Writing Topics.
8. Comparison-Contrast.
What Is Comparison-Contrast?
How Comparison-Contrast Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Comparison-Contrast in an Essay.
* Figure 8.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Comparison-Contrast Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Comparison-Contrast: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Comparison-Contrast.
* Eric Weiner, Euromail and Amerimail.
* Figure 8.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “Euromail And Amerimail” by Eric Weiner.
Rachel Carson, A Fable for Tomorrow.
Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast.
Additional Writing Topics.
9. Cause-Effect.
What Is Cause-Effect?
How Cause-Effect Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Cause-Effect in an Essay.
* Figure 9.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Cause-Effect Essay .
* Revision Strategies.
Cause-Effect: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Cause-Effect.
Stephen King, Why We Crave Horror Movies.
* Figure 9.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “Why We Crave Horror Movies” by Stephen King.
* Kurt Kleiner, Beauty: When Manana is Too Soon.
Buzz Bissinger, Innocents Afield.
Additional Writing Topics.
10. Definition.
What Is Definition?
How Definition Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Definition in an Essay.
* Figure 10.1: Development Diagram: Writing a Definition Essay.
* Revision Strategies.
Definition: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Definition.
K.C. Cole, Entropy.
* Figure 10.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “ENTROPY” by K. C. Cole.
Natalie Angier, The Cute Factor.
* Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle.
Additional Writing Topics.
11. Argumentation-Persuasion.
What Is Argumentation-Persuasion?
How Argumentation-Persuasion Fits Your Purpose and Audience.
Suggestions for Using Argumentation-Persuasion in an Essay.
* Figure 11.1: Development Diagram: Writing an Argumentation-Persuasion Essay.
Questions for Using Toulmin Strategy: A Checklist.
Argumentation-Persuasion: A Revision/Peer Review Checklist.
Student Essay.
Commentary.
Activities: Argumentation-Persuasion.
Stanley Fish, Free Speech Follies.
* Figure 11.2: Essay Structure Diagram: “Free-Speech Follies” by Stanley Fish.
* Anna Quindlen, Driving to the Funeral.
Examining an Issue: Gender-Based Education.
* Gerry Garibaldi, How the Schools Shortchange Boys.
* Michael Kimmel, The War Against Boys
Examining an Issue: Illegal Immigration
Roberto Rodriguez, The Border on Our Backs.
Star Parker, Se Habla Entitlement.
Additional Writing Topics.
12. Combining the Patterns.
The Patterns in Action: During the Writing Process.
The Patterns in Action: In an Essay.
Student Essay
Virginia Woolf, The Death of the Moth.
Martin Luther King, Jr., Where Do We Go From Here: Community or Chaos?
Joan Didion, Marrying Absurd.
**Appendix A: A Guide to Using Sources.
Evaluating Source Materials
Evaluating Articles and Books: A Checklist
Evaluating Internet Materials: A Checklist
Analyzing and Synthesizing Source Material
Analyzing and Synthesizing Source Material: A Checklist
Using Quotation, Summary, and Paraphrase Without Plagiarizing
Using Quotation, Summary, and Paraphrase: A Checklist
Integrating Sources Into Your Writing
Integrating Sources Into Your Writing: A Checklist
Documenting Sources: MLA Style
How to Document: MLA In-Text References
Using MLA Parenthetical Reference: A Checklist
How to Document: MLA List of Works Cited
Citing Print Sources—Books
Citing Print Sources—Periodicals
Citing Sources Found on a Website
Citing Sources Found Through an Online Database or Scholarly Project
Citing Other Common Sources
Appendix B: Avoiding Ten Common Writing Errors.
1. Fragments.
2. Comma Splices and Run-ons.
3. Faulty Subject-Verb Agreement.
4. Faulty Pronoun Agreement.
5. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers.
6. Faulty Parallelism.
7. Comma Misuse.
8. Apostrophe Misuse.
9. Confusing Homonyms.
10. Misuse of Italics and Underlining.
Glossary.
Acknowledgments.
Index.
* New to this edition
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