Magnetism : Synchrotron Radiation Approach

by Beaurepaire, Eric; Bulou, Herve; Scheurer, Fabrice; Kappler, Jean-paul

• ISBN13: 9783540332411
• ISBN10: 3540332413
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-08-14
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

This volume contains the edited lectures of the fourth Mittelwihr school on "Magnetismand Synchrotron Radiation". This series of events introduces graduate students andnonspecialists from related disciplines to the field of magnetism and magnetic materialswith emphasis on synchrotron radiation as an experimental tool of investigation. These lecture notes present in particular the state of the art regarding the analysis of magnetic properties of new materials.

Table of Contents

Introduction to Magnetism
Claudine Lacroix	1	(14)
1 Magnetism of Isolated Atoms and Ions	1	(2)
2 Atoms and Ions in Solids	3	(2)
3 Exchange Interactions	5	(6)
4 Magnetism at Finite Temperature	11	(4)
X-ray and Electron Spectroscopies: An Introduction
Didier Sébilleau	15	(44)
1 Introduction	15	(3)
2 The Photon-Atom Interaction	18	(11)
3 By-Products of the Photon-Atom Interaction	29	(8)
4 An Overview of Some Particular Spectroscopies	37	(17)
5 Conclusion	54	(1)
References	54	(5)
Synchrotron Radiation
Mikael Eriksson	59	(12)
1 Dipole Radiation from Accelerating Charges	59	(3)
2 Synchrotron Radiation Damping in a Storage Ring	62	(2)
3 Insertion Devices	64	(3)
4 Flux and Brilliance	67	(1)
5 The Computer Way	68	(2)
References	70	(1)
X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism: Historical Perspective and Recent Highlights
Andrei Rogalev, Fabrice Wilhelm, Nicolas Jaouen, José Goulon, and Jean-Paul Kappler	71	(24)
1 History of X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism	71	(6)
2 Physical Content of XMCD and Sum Rules	77	(2)
3 Practice with Sum Rules: XMCD at Au L²,³ Edges in Au4Mn	79	(5)
4 Highlights of Recent Advances in Hard X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism	84	(5)
References	89	(6)
Spin-Polarized Photoemission
Jürg Osterwalder	95	(26)
1 Introduction	95	(2)
2 Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) and Fermi Surface Mapping	97	(5)
3 Sources of Spin Polarization in ARPES Data	102	(6)
4 Measurement of Spin Polarization in ARPES	108	(3)
5 Case Studies	111	(7)
6 Outlook	118	(1)
References	119	(2)
Band-Structure Theory of Dichroism
Alexander Yaresko, Alexander Perlov, Victor Antonov, and Bruce Harmon	121	(22)
1 Introduction	121	(1)
2 Classical Description of Magneto-Optical Effects	122	(6)
3 Linear Response Theory	128	(2)
4 MO Effects in the X-ray Region	130	(1)
5 Spin Polarized Relativistic Calculations	131	(3)
6 Matrix Elements of the Electron–Photon Interaction	134	(3)
7 "Toy" XMCD Spectra	137	(2)
References	139	(4)
Hitchhiker's Guide to Multiplet Calculations
Gerrit van der Laan	143	(58)
1 Introduction	143	(2)
2 Spin-Orbit Interaction Versus Coulomb Interaction	145	(1)
3 Multiplet Structure	146	(4)
4 Reduced Matrix Elements	150	(1)
5 Selection Rules for Electric-Dipole Transitions	151	(1)
6 Angular Momentum Coupling	152	(2)
7 Coefficients of Fractional Parentage	154	(1)
8 Coulomb and Exchange Interaction	155	(4)
9 Hartree-Fock Calculations	159	(1)
10 Configuration Interaction	160	(2)
11 Second Quantization	162	(2)
12 Spin-Orbit Interaction	164	(1)
13 Zeeman Interaction	164	(1)
14 Crystal Field Interaction	165	(8)
15 Fundamental Spectra	173	(1)
16 Second-Order Processes	174	(3)
17 Symmetry Properties of Spherical Tensors	177	(4)
18 Electric and Magnetic Multipole Fields	181	(3)
19 Symmetry of Multipole Transitions	184	(2)
20 X-ray Optical Activity	186	(1)
21 Statistical Moment Analysis	187	(2)
22 Spectral Moments for Ground State Tensors	189	(3)
23 Conclusions and Outlook	192	(3)
References	195	(6)
Resonant X-ray Scattering: A Theoretical Introduction
Massimo Altarelli	201	(42)
1 Introduction	201	(2)
2 Interaction of Radiation with Electronic Matter	203	(3)
3 Cross Section for Non-Resonant Elastic Scattering	206	(12)
4 Resonant Scattering	218	(12)
5 Resonant Elastic Scattering: Recent Developments	230	(5)
6 Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering	235	(5)
References	240	(3)
High Angle Magnetic X-ray Diffraction
Catherine Dufour, Karine Dumesnil, and Thierry Gourieux	243	(32)
1 Introduction	243	(3)
2 Basic Concept of Magnetic X-ray Scattering	246	(9)
3 Selected Examples	255	(15)
4 Conclusion	270	(1)
References	271	(4)
Magnetic Imaging
Wolfgang Kuch	275	(46)
1 Motivation	275	(2)
2 Overview	277	(5)
3 Techniques for Magnetic Domain Imaging	282	(32)
4 Summary and Outlook	314	(4)
References	318	(3)
Dynamic Aspects of Magnetism
Christian H. Back, Korbinian Perzlmaier, and Matthias Buess	321	(24)
1 Introduction	321	(1)
2 Introduction to Ferromagneto-Dynamics	322	(2)
3 The Energy Landscape	324	(4)
4 The SLAG Experiment: A Simple Experiment Explained by the Macrospin Model	328	(5)
5 Time-Resolved Kerr Microscopy	333	(7)
6 Connection to Synchrotron Based Experiments	340	(2)
References	342	(3)
Molecular Magnetism
Stephen J. Blundell	345	(30)
1 Introduction	345	(1)
2 Magnets based on Stable Free Radicals	346	(6)
3 Prussian Blues	352	(1)
4 Spin Crossover	352	(4)
5 TCNE Salts	356	(1)
6 BEDT-TTF and BEDT-TSF Salts	357	(4)
7 One-dimensional Systems	361	(2)
8 Single Molecule Magnets	363	(6)
9 Conclusion	369	(1)
References	369	(6)
Magnetism under Pressure with Synchrotron Radiation
Matteo d'Astuto, Alessendro Barla, Nolwell Kernavanois, Jean-Pascal Rueff, Francois Baudelet, Rudolf Rüffer, Luigi Paolasini, and Bernard Couzinet	375	(26)
1 Introduction	375	(1)
2 Magnetic State and Interactions in Dense Systems	376	(3)
3 Synchrotron Radiation Methods for Magnetism under High Pressure	379	(6)
4 Application of Synchrotron Radiation Techniques to Typical Case Studies of Magnetic Properties under Pressure	385	(12)
5 Conclusion	397	(1)
References	397	(4)
X-ray Spectroscopy and Magnetism in Mineralogy
Philippe Sainctavit, Sandrine Brice-Profeta, Emilie Gaudry, Isabelle Letard, and Marie-Anne Arrio	401	(28)
1 Introduction	401	(2)
2 Metallic Phases of the Planetary Cores	403	(1)
3 Localized Magnetism	404	(6)
4 Paleomagnetism	410	(14)
5 Conclusion	424	(1)
References	425	(4)
Materials for Spintronics
Agnès Barthélémy and Richard Mattana	429	(34)
1 Introduction	429	(2)
2 Mechanism of GMR, TMR and the Problem of Spin Injection in Semiconductors	431	(10)
3 Alternative Ferromagnetic Conducting Materials	441	(9)
4 Insulating Barrier for Magnetic Tunnel Junctions	450	(2)
5 Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors	452	(3)
6 New Materials Emerging in the Field of Spintronics	455	(2)
References	457	(6)
Index	463