Major Problems in American Sport History

by Riess, Steven

• ISBN13: 9780669353808
• ISBN10: 0669353809
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-12-17
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Each topic in this text is covered by both secondary readings and a wide variety of primary source documents, including legal decisions, diary entries, newspaper reports, literary accounts, government hearings, and advertisements for athletic equipment.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 What Is Sport History?	1	(20)
ESSAYS	3	(16)
Elliott J. Gorn
Michael Oriard
Taking Sports Seriously	3	(2)
Allen Guttmann
Capitalism, Protestantism, and the Rise of Modern Sport	5	(10)
Stephen Hardy
Urbanization and the Rise of Sport	15	(4)
FURTHER READING	19	(2)
CHAPTER 2 Sport in Colonial America	21	(28)
DOCUMENTS	22	(9)
King James I Identifies Lawful Sports in England, 1618	22	(2)
Restrictive Sabbath Statutes of Colonial Massachusetts, 1658	24	(1)
A Henrico County, Virginia, Horse Race Contract, 1698	24	(2)
An Englishman's Positive Impressions of Virginia Racing, 1772	26	(1)
Elkanah Watson's Misgivings on Cockfighting, 1787	27	(1)
George Catlin Describes a Choctaw Lacrosse Match, c. 1830s	27	(4)
ESSAYS	31	(17)
Timothy H. Breen
The Cultural Significance of Gambling Among the Gentry of Virginia	31	(8)
Nancy Struna
The Sporting Life in Puritan America	39	(9)
FURTHER READING	48	(1)
CHAPTER 3 Traditional Sport, Modern Sport, and the Male Bachelor Subculture, 1800-1860	49	(33)
DOCUMENTS	50	(12)
A Traveler Belittles Hunting in Virginia, 1799, and the Carolinas, 1800	50	(1)
James Hall Depicts a Low-life Billiard Parlor, 1828	51	(1)
The Great Foot Race of 1835	52	(2)
Horace Greeley Decries the Slaughter of Boxer Thomas McCoy, 1842	54	(2)
A Policeman Visits the Dissipated Rat Pits of Boston, c. 1860	56	(1)
The New York Herald Reports on "The Great Contest: Fashion v. Peytona," 1845	57	(5)
ESSAYS	62	(19)
Elliott J. Gorn
The Social Significance of Gouging in the Southern Backcountry	62	(8)
Melvin L. Adelman
Harness Racing: The First Modern American Sport, 1825-1870	70	(11)
FURTHER READING	81	(1)
CHAPTER 4 The Making of a Modern Sporting Culture, 1840-1870	82	(30)
DOCUMENTS	83	(11)
Thomas W. Higginson Analyzes the American Clergy and Their Need for Physical Fitness, 1858	83	(2)
Catharine Beecher Criticizes Women's Frailty and Recommends What Should Be Done About It, 1855	85	(2)
American Agriculturist Applauds Ladies on Horseback, 1862	87	(1)
The New York Times Recommends Skating at Central Park, 1859	88	(2)
The New York Herald Compares Cricket and Baseball, 1859	90	(3)
The Spirit of the Times Examines the Founding of the New York Athletic Club, 1868	93	(1)
ESSAYS	94	(16)
Linda J. Borish
Catharine Beecher and Thomas W. Higginson on the Need for Physical Fitness	94	(9)
George B. Kirsch
Baseball Spectators, 1855-1870	103	(7)
FURTHER READING	110	(2)
CHAPTER 5 Sport and Higher Education in America, 1865-1910	112	(28)
DOCUMENTS	113	(8)
The New York Times Reports on an International Match: The Harvard-Oxford Boat Race, 1869	113	(1)
Coach Walter Camp on Sportsmanship, 1893	114	(2)
Richard Harding Davis Scrutinizes the Rituals of the Thanksgiving Day Football Game, 1893	116	(2)
Henry Beach Needham Decries the Professionalization of College Athletes, 1905	118	(3)
ESSAYS	121	(18)
Ronald A. Smith
Amateurism in Late Nineteenth-Century College Sports	121	(7)
Robin D. Lester
The Rise of the Spectator, the Coach, and the Player at the University of Chicago, 1895-1905	128	(11)
FURTHER READING	139	(1)
CHAPTER 6 Sport and the Rise of the Industrial Radial City, 1870-1920	140	(29)
DOCUMENTS	141	(10)
The New York Times Evaluates the Accessibility and Utility of Central Park, 1873, 1875	141	(1)
The New York Clipper on the Opening of Jerome Park Race Track and the Revitalization of the Turf, 1866	142	(2)
The New York Clipper Reports on the Astley Belt Race of 1879	144	(2)
The New York Times Lauds Baseball and Community Pride, 1888	146	(1)
The New York Times Considers Madison Square Garden as a Civic Institution, 1900	147	(1)
Harper's Weekly Examines New York City's Athletic Clubs, 1892	148	(3)
ESSAYS	151	(16)
Stephen Hardy
Parks for the People: The Rise of Public Parks in Boston, 1869-1900	151	(8)
Steven A. Riess
Professional Sports and New York's Tammany Machine, 1890-1920	159	(8)
FURTHER READING	167	(2)
CHAPTER 7 Sport and Class, 1870-1920	169	(36)
DOCUMENTS	170	(10)
Caspar W. Whitney Probes the Evolution of the Country Club, 1894	170	(3)
The Chicago Daily News Describes a Paradise for Hunters, 1895	173	(2)
Philip G. Hubert, Jr., Reflects on the Bicycle: The Marvel of Its Day, 1895	175	(1)
The Spirit of the Times Denigrates the Printer's Benevolent Association Games, 1887	176	(2)
Charles J. Lucas Criticizes the Commercialization of Amateur Athletics, 1906	178	(2)
ESSAYS	180	(24)
Donald Mrozek
Sporting Life as Consumption, Fashion, and Display-The Pastimes of the Rich at the Turn of the Century	180	(8)
Steven A. Riess
Sport and the Redefinition of American Middle-Class Masculinity, 1840-1900	188	(10)
Ted Vincent
Working-Class Runners in the Late Nineteenth Century	198	(6)
FURTHER READING	204	(1)
CHAPTER 8 The Commercialization and Professionalization of Sports, 1870-1920	205	(34)
DOCUMENTS	207	(16)
The National Police Gazette Indicts Wyatt Earp as Crooked Referee, 1896	207	(1)
Rene Bache Computes the Cost of a Day at the Races, 1906	208	(3)
Josiah Flynt Delineates the Evils of Off-Track Poolrooms, 1907	211	(2)
Harper's Weekly Describes the New Chicago Baseball Grounds, 1883	213	(2)
The New York Sun's Portrayal of a Typical Baseball Crowd, 1884	215	(1)
John Montgomery Ward Asks, "Is the Base-ball Player a Chattel?"	216	(2)
H. Addington Bruce Analyzes Baseball and the National Life, 1913	218	(3)
Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Explains Why Baseball Is Not Subject to Antitrust Laws, 1922	221	(1)
Sears, Roebuck Catalogue Sports Equipment Advertisements, 1897	222	(1)
ESSAYS	223	(14)
Harold Seymour
The Creation of the National League in 1876	223	(7)
Michael Isenberg
The Sullivan-Corbett Championship Fight of 1892 and the Modernization of Ring Promotion	230	(7)
FURTHER READING	237	(2)
PHOTOGRAPH ESSAY Uniforming Sportswomen	239	(5)
CHAPTER 9 Gender and Sport in Modern America, 1870-1920	244	(34)
DOCUMENTS	245	(14)
Woodrow Wilson Supports Football and Its Promotion of Manliness, 1894	245	(1)
Theodore Roosevelt Examines How Sport Makes Boys Into Men, 1900	246	(1)
Eleanor Waddle Reports on the Rise of the Berkeley Ladies' Athletic Club, 1889	247	(3)
Anne O'Hagan Describes the Athletic American Girl, 1901	250	(3)
Senda Berenson Asserts the Value of Adapted Women's Basketball, 1901	253	(2)
Dr. Dudley A. Sargent Asks, "Are Athletics Making Girls Masculine?", 1912	255	(3)
A Female Fan Tells Her Beau, "Take Me Out to the Ball Game," 1908	258	(1)
ESSAYS	259	(18)
Elliott J. Gorn
Manliness in the Squared Circle	259	(8)
Roberta J. Park
Sport, Gender, and Society in the Late Nineteenth Century	267	(10)
FURTHER READING	277	(1)
CHAPTER 10 Race and Ethnicity in American Sport, 1890-1940	278	(31)
DOCUMENTS	279	(11)
The Chicago Daily News Describes the Quadrennial National Turner Festival, 1893	279	(1)
The National Police Gazette Supports the Rise of Italian Boxing, 1905	280	(1)
Richard Henry Pratt Encourages Indian Sportsmanship, c. 1894	281	(1)
The Outlook's Dismay with Indian Sportsman Jim Thorpe and the Forfeiture of His Olympic Medals, 1913	281	(2)
Prejudice Against African-American Ballplayers in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 1911	283	(1)
James "Cool Papa" Bell Remembers Negro League Baseball in the 1920s and 1930s	284	(3)
The Chicago Commission on Race Relations Examines Racial Contacts in Recreation in the Late 1910s	287	(3)
ESSAYS	290	(17)
Randy Roberts
The 1910 Jeffries-Johnson Fight and Its Impact	290	(9)
Peter Levine
Basketball and the Jewish-American Community, 1920s-1930s	299	(8)
FURTHER READING	307	(2)
CHAPTER 11 Sports Heroes and American Culture, 1890-1940	309	(29)
DOCUMENTS	311	(13)
Burt Standish's Dick Merriwell Saves the Game, 1909	311	(1)
Commonweal Memorializes Christy Matthewson, a Real-Life Merriwell, 1925	312	(1)
The Black Sox Scandal and the Fallen Hero: The Confession of Joe Jackson, 1920	313	(4)
Grantland Rice on John L. Sullivan and Babe Ruth as Prowess Heroes, 1925	317	(2)
Grantland Rice Describes the Heroic Qualities of Bobby Jones and Helen Wills, 1928	319	(3)
Congressman Louis Stokes Eulogizes His Hero, Jesse Owens, 1980	322	(2)
ESSAYS	324	(13)
Roderick Nash
Sports Heroes of the 1920s	324	(5)
Chris Meade
Joe Louis as Emerging Race Hero in the 1930s	329	(8)
FURTHER READING	337	(1)
CHAPTER 12 Sport and American Women Since 1930	338	(32)
DOCUMENTS	339	(15)
The Saturday Evening Post Examines Women's Softball in World War II America	339	(3)
Billie Jean King Remembers Life as an Outsider in the 1950s and 1960s	342	(4)
Powerlifter Tammy Thompson Identifies the Dangers of Steroids, 1987	346	(1)
Baylor University Athletic Director Grant Teaff Criticizes the Impact of Title IX on Intercollegiate Football, 1993	347	(2)
Attorney Ellen J. Vargyas Analyzes the Inadequacies of Title IX, 1992	349	(5)
ESSAYS	354	(15)
Susan E. Cayleff
Babe Didrikson Zaharias: The "Texas Tomboy"	354	(6)
Susan Cahn
Women Competing/Gender Contested, 1930s-1950s	360	(9)
FURTHER READING	369	(1)
CHAPTER 13 Sport and Race in America Since 1945	370	(30)
DOCUMENTS	371	(13)
Yankees President Larry McPhail's Plan to Discourage Integration of Baseball, 1946	371	(2)
Jackie Robinson on the Struggles of His First Spring Training, 1946	373	(3)
The Thoughts of Muhammad Ali in Exile, c. 1967	376	(2)
Harry Edwards Reviews the Making of the Black Athletic Revolt, 1967	378	(3)
Arthur Ashe on Propositions 42 and 48, c. 1980s	381	(3)
ESSAYS	384	(15)
Jules Tygiel
A Lone Negro in the Game: Jackie Robinson's Rookie Season	384	(6)
Michael Oriard
Muhammad Ali: The Hero in the Age of Mass Media	390	(9)
FURTHER READING	399	(1)
CHAPTER 14 The Business of Sport, 1945-1990	400	(35)
DOCUMENTS	401	(16)
Ike Williams Testifies on the Corruption of Boxing in the Late 1940s	401	(7)
Norris Poulson Reveals How Los Angeles Got the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1958	408	(3)
Justice Thurgood Marshall Dissents in the Curt Flood Case, 1972	411	(1)
Marvin Miller Analyzes the Achievement of Free Agency, 1975	412	(3)
Mayor Lionel J. Wilson Explains Why Oakland Needs the Raiders, 1984	415	(2)
ESSAYS	417	(17)
Randy Roberts
James Olson
The Impact of Roone Arledge on Televised Sports	417	(8)
Charles C. Euchner
The Making of Baltimore's Camden Yards Stadium	425	(9)
FURTHER READING	434	(1)
CREDITS	435