Manual of Intensive Care Medicine : With Annotated Key References

by Irwin, Richard S.; Rippe, James M.

• ISBN13: 9780781719865
• ISBN10: 0781719860
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-05-01
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Summary

Completely rewritten and updated for the Fourth Edition, this Spiral® Manual remains the leading quick-reference guide to both medical and surgical intensive care. The essential principles, protocols, and techniques from Irwin and Rippe's Intensive Care Medicine, Fifth Edition have been distilled into a portable, practical manual that is ideal for rapid bedside consultation. The user-friendly format features numerous tables, illustrations, and annotated references. This edition has completely revamped sections on cardiovascular problems and coronary care, surgical problems, shock and trauma, endocrine problems, and hematology, plus expanded coverage of gastroesophageal balloon tamponade, aspiration of joints, hepatic dysfunction, and noninvasive mechanical ventilation.

Table of Contents

Contributing Authors	xvii
Preface	xxix
I. PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES
Stephen O. Heard
Airway Management and Endotracheal Intubation	3	(7)
Shubjeet Kaur
Stephen O. Heard
Central Venous Catheter	10	(6)
Shubjeet Kaur
Stephen O. Heard
Arterial Line Placement and Care	16	(5)
Syed Adil Ahmed
Pulmonary Artery Catheters	21	(7)
Christopher Greene
Temporary Cardiac Pacing	28	(5)
Paul G. Jodka
Cardioversion and Defibrillation	33	(4)
Poh Hock Leng
Deborah H. Markowitz
Pericardiocentesis	37	(4)
Jahn A. Pothier
Deborah H. Markowitz
The Intraaortic Balloon and Counterpulsation	41	(7)
Paul G. Jodka
Chest Tube Insertion and Care	48	(4)
Hashim M. Hesham
Bronchoscopy	52	(4)
Oren P. Schaefer
Richard S. Irwin
Thoracentesis	56	(4)
Mark M. Wilson
Richard S. Irwin
Tracheotomy	60	(4)
Hashim M. Hesham
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy	64	(3)
Daniel A. Devereaux
Paracentesis and Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage	67	(5)
Syed Adil Ahmed
Naveen A. Syed
Management of Acute Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage with Gastroesophageal Balloon Tamponade	72	(7)
Juan Carlos Puyana
Endoscopic Placement of Feeding Tubes	79	(5)
Stephen O. Heard
Cerebrospinal Fluid Aspiration	84	(5)
Christopher Greene
Neurologic and Intracranial Pressure Monitoring	89	(4)
Christopher Greene
Percutaneous Cystostomy	93	(4)
Paul G. Jodka
Aspiration of Joints	97	(5)
Paul G. Jodka
Anesthesia for Bedside Procedures	102	(4)
Frank M. O'Connell
Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit	106	(7)
Nicholas A. Smyrnios
Frederick J. Curley
Richard S. Irwin
II. CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Richard C. Becker
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation	113	(10)
John A. Paraskos
Richard C. Becker
Critical Aortic Stenosis and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy	123	(8)
Gerald P. Aurigemma
John A. Paraskos
Richard C. Becker
Critical Care of Pericardial Disease	131	(9)
David H. Spodick
Richard C. Becker
Sudden Cardiac Death	140	(6)
Charles I. Haffajee
G. Muqtada Chaudhry
Richard C. Becker
Dissection of the Aorta	146	(7)
Linda A. Pape
Richard C. Becker
Acute Aortic Insufficiency	153	(7)
Joseph S. Alpert
Joseph R. Benotti
Richard C. Becker
Acute Mitral Regurgitation	160	(11)
Robert A. Harrington
Rhonda L. Larsen
James M. Rippe
Richard C. Becker
III. CORONARY CARE
Richard C. Becker
Acute Heart Failure	171	(6)
Ronald P. Caputo
Richard C. Becker
Unstable Angina	177	(8)
Pierre Theroux
Richard C. Becker
Complicated Myocardial Infarction	185	(9)
Christopher P. Cannon
Leonard I. Ganz
Peter H. Stone
Richard C. Becker
Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Decisions, Indications, and Management	194	(13)
Richard C. Becker
Mrinal Sharma
Frederick A. Spencer
Secondary Prevention After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Coronary Care Unit Perspective	207	(7)
Steven Borzak
Michael C. Vredenburg
Richard C. Becker
Diagnostic Testing in the Coronary Care Unit	214	(6)
Michael J. Waligora
Robert C. Hendel
Richard C. Becker
Mechanisms of Acute Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction	220	(7)
Carey D. Kimmelstiel
Christopher A. Clyne
Richard C. Becker
Nonischemic Chest Pain	227	(5)
Donald G. Love
Richard C. Becker
John A. Paraskos
Evaluation and Management of Hypertension in the Intensive Care Unit	232	(8)
Robert J. Heyka
Richard C. Becker
Supraventricular Tachycardias	240	(15)
Edward P. Gerstenfeld
Steven P Beaudette
Robert S. Mittleman
Richard C. Becker
IV. PULMONARY PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Richard S. Irwin
A Physiologic Approach to Managing Respiratory Failure	255	(5)
Mark M. Wilson
Melvin R. Pratter
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome	260	(4)
Ann E. Connolly
Mark M. Wilson
Richard S. Irwin
Status Asthmaticus	264	(4)
J. Mark Madison
Richard S. Irwin
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	268	(6)
Oren P. Schaefer
Stephen E. Lapinsky
Ronald. F. Grossman
Extrapulmonary Causes of Respiratory Failure	274	(4)
Mark M. Wilson
Helen Hollingsworth
Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy	278	(5)
Mark M. Wilson
Helen Hollingsworth
Venous Thromboembolism: Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis	283	(5)
Oren P. Schaefer
John G. Weg
Managing Hemoptysis	288	(5)
Oren P. Schaefer
Richard S. Irwin
Aspiration and Near-Drowning	293	(5)
Nicholas A. Smyrnios
Richard S. Irwin
Pulmonary Hypertension	298	(6)
Oren P. Schaefer
Lewis J. Rubin
Pleural Disease in the Critically Ill Patient	304	(5)
Mark M. Wilson
Steven A. Sahn
Mechanical Ventilation: Initiation	309	(5)
Ann E. Connolly
Richard S. Irwin
Mechanical Ventilation: Weaning	314	(5)
Ann E. Connolly
Richard S. Irwin
Respiratory Adjunct Therapy	319	(6)
Cynthia T. French
Richard S. Irwin
Acute Inhalational Injury	325	(5)
Mark M. Wilson
Peter J. Jederlinic
Disorders of Temperature Control: Hypothermia	330	(5)
Mark M. Wilson
Frederick J. Curley
Disorders of Temperature Control: Hyperthermia	335	(6)
Mark M. Wilson
Frederick J. Curley
Severe Upper Airway Infections	341	(5)
Oren P. Schaefer
Richard S. Irwin
Teresa E. Jacobs
Acute Infectious Pneumonia	346	(9)
Oren P. Schaefer
Michael S. Niederman
V. RENAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
David M. Clive
Metabolic Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis	355	(6)
David M. Clive
Disorders of Plasma Sodium and Plasma Potassium	361	(7)
Eric S. Iida
David M. Clive
Acute Renal Failure in the Intensive Care Unit	368	(8)
Claire A. Scanlon
David M. Clive
Dialysis Therapy in the Intensive Care Setting	376	(9)
David M. Clive
VI. INFECTIOUS DISEASE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Jennifer S. Daly
Approach to Fever in the Intensive Care Patient	385	(3)
Marie J. George
Jennifer S. Daly
Richard H. Glew
Use of Antimicrobials in the Treatment of Infection in the Critically Ill Patient	388	(7)
Jennifer S. Daly
Richard H. Glew
Bacterial Meningitis	395	(4)
Alan L. Rothman
Infective Endocarditis	399	(3)
Sarah H. Cheeseman
Karen C. Carroll
Infections Associated with Vascular Catheters	402	(4)
Suzanne F. Bradley
Carol A Kauffman
Urinary Tract Infections in the Intensive Care Unit	406	(3)
Jennifer S. Daly
Steven M. Opal
Toxic Shock Syndrome, Tick-Borne Illnesses, and Postsplenectomy Infection	409	(3)
Debra D. Poutsiaka
Acute Infections in the Immunocompromised Host	412	(4)
Richard H. Glew
Raul Davaro
Intensive Care of Patients with HIV Infection	416	(4)
Sarah H. Cheeseman
Mark J. Rosen
Infectious Complications of Substance Abuse	420	(3)
Brian J. Mady
Neil M. Ampel
Tuberculosis in the Intensive Care Unit	423	(4)
Jennifer S. Daly
Randall R. Reves
Botulism and Tetanus	427	(6)
Nelson M. Gantz
VII. GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Ray E. Clouse
Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Principles of Diagnosis and Management	433	(4)
Chandra Prakash
Stress Ulcer Syndrome	437	(4)
Chandra Prakash
Variceal Bleeding	441	(4)
Chandra Prakash
Intestinal Pseudoobstruction (Ileus)	445	(4)
Chandra Prakash
Ray E. Clouse
Fulminant Colitis and Toxic Megacolon	449	(3)
Chandra Prakash
Fulminant Hepatic Failure	452	(2)
Chandra Prakash
Reem Ghalib
Complications of Chronic Liver Disease	456	(14)
Chandra Prakash
Diarrhea	460	(4)
Chandra Prakash
Severe and Complicated Biliary Tract Disease	464	(4)
Chandra Prakash
The Basic Principles of Nutritional Support in the Intensive Care Unit	468	(5)
Dominic J. Nompleggi
VIII. ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Michael J. Thompson
Management of Diabetes in the Critically Ill Patient	473	(5)
Michael J. Thompson
Aldo A. Rossini
John P. Mordes
The Diabetic Comas	478	(7)
Michael J. Thompson
John P. Mordes
Aldo A. Rossini
Thyroid Emergencies	485	(6)
Alan P. Farwell
Charles H. Emerson
Hypoadrenal Crisis and Stress Management of the Patient on Chronic Steroid Therapy	491	(4)
Christopher Longcope
Neil Aronin
Disorders of Mineral Metabolism	495	(3)
Daniel T. Baran
Hypoglycemia	498	(5)
Michael Thompson
John P. Mordes
Aldo A. Rossini
Sick Euthyroid Syndrome	503	(8)
Alan P. Farwell
IX. HEMATOLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
F. Marc Stewart
Acquired Bleeding Disorders	511	(7)
Doreen B. Brettler
Robert V.B. Emmons
The Congenital Coagulopathies	518	(4)
Doreen B. Brettler
Robert V.B. Emmons
Thrombocytopenia	522	(5)
Janice Zaleskas
Ahmad-Samer Al-Homsi
Antithrombotic Therapy	527	(6)
Jean-Francois Lambert
Ahmad-Samer Al-Homsi
Hypercoagulable States	533	(5)
Gerald Alexander Colvin
Ahmad-Samer Al-Homsi
The Hemolytic Anemias	538	(6)
Pamela S. Becker
Transfusion Therapy: Blood Components and Transfusion Complications	544	(5)
William V. Walsh
Granulocytopenia	549	(5)
Diane M.F. Savarese
F. Marc Stewart
The Leukemias	554	(3)
Karen K. Ballen
F. Marc Stewart
Oncologic Emergencies	557	(8)
Diane M.F. Savarese
X. PHARMACOLOGY, OVERDOSES, AND POISONINGS
Christopher H. Linden
Applied Pharmacokinetics	565	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Individualizing and Monitoring Drug Therapy	568	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
General Considerations in the Evaluation and Treatment of Poisoning	571	(7)
Richard Y. Wang
Acetaminophen Poisoning	578	(4)
Erica L. Liebelt
Alcohols and Glycols	582	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Antiarrhythmic Drug Poisoning	585	(4)
Erica L. Liebelt
Anticholinergic Poisoning	589	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Anticonvulsants	592	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Antihypertensive Agents	595	(9)
Richard Y. Wang
Antimicrobial Agents	604	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Beta-Blocker Poisoning	607	(5)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Channel Blocker Poisoning	612	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Cholinergic Agents	615	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Cocaine Poisoning	618	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Cyclic Antidepressant Poisoning	621	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Cyclosporine	624	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Digitalis Poisoning	627	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Hydrocarbons	630	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Isoniazid Poisoning	633	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Lithium	636	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Local Anesthetics	639	(10)
Richard Y. Wang
Methylxanthine Poisoning	649	(4)
Erica L. Liebelt
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Poisoning	653	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Neuroleptic Agents	656	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents	659	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs	662	(4)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Opioids	666	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Pesticide Poisoning	669	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Phencyclidine and Hallucinogens	672	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Sedative-Hypnotic Poisoning	675	(3)
Richard Y. Wang
Sympathomimetic Poisoning	678	(3)
Erica L. Liebelt
Systemic Asphyxiants	681	(3)
Jeffrey R. Tucker
Withdrawal Syndromes	684	(5)
Richard Y. Wang
XI. SURGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Fred A. Luchette
Epistaxis	689	(2)
Freda D. McCarter
Fred A. Luchette
Jack L. Gluckman
Esophageal Perforation and Acute Mediastinitis	691	(3)
M. Ryan Moon
Robert M. Mentzer
Fred A. Luchette
Diagnosis and Management of Intraabdominal Sepsis	694	(3)
Freda D. McCarter
Fred A. Luchette
Acute Pancreatitis	697	(5)
M. Ryan Moon
Fred A. Luchette
Michael L. Steer
Mesenteric Ischemia	702	(3)
M. Ryan Moon
Fred A. Luchette
Peter E. Rice
Abdominal Compartment Sydromes	705	(2)
Arthur Williams
Fred A. Luchette
Dietmar H. Wittmann
Necrotizing Fasciitis and Other Soft Tissue Infections	707	(3)
Arthur Williams
Fred A. Luchette
David H. Ahrenholz
Pressure Sores: Prevention and Treatment	710	(2)
Arthur Williams
John Kitzmiller
Fred A. Luchette
Pain Management in the Critically Ill	712	(2)
Freda D. McCarter
Fred A. Luchette
Donald S. Stevens
Obstetric Problems in the Intensive Care Unit	714	(7)
M. Ryan Moon
Fred A. Luchette
Jonathan F. Critchlow
XII. SHOCK AND TRAUMA
Arthur L. Trask
Shock: An Overview	721	(7)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Hemorrhage and Resuscitation	728	(3)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Trauma: An Overview	731	(2)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Critical Care of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury	733	(6)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Spinal Cord Trauma	739	(3)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Abdominal Trauma	742	(5)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Burn Management	747	(4)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Thoracic Trauma	751	(6)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Compartment Syndromes	757	(2)
Kevin M. Dwyer
Arthur L. Trask
Sepsis	759	(3)
Paul E. Marik
Joseph Varon
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome	762	(7)
Joseph Varon
Paul E. Marik
XIII. NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
David A. Drachman
David Paydarfar
An Approach to Neurologic Problems in the Intensive Care Unit	769	(3)
David A. Drachman
Evaluating the Patient with Altered Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit	772	(4)
Majaz Moonis
Kevin J. Felice
David A. Drachman
Metabolic Encephalopathy	776	(5)
Paula D. Ravin
Generalized Anoxia/Ischemia of the Nervous System	781	(3)
Majaz Moonis
Carol F. Lippa
Status Epilepticus	784	(4)
Catherine A. Phillips
Cerebrovascular Disease	788	(3)
Marjorie Ross
John P. Weaver
Marc Fisher
Neuro-Oncologic Problems in the Intensive Care Unit	791	(4)
N. Scott Litofsky
Lawrence D. Recht
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	795	(3)
Isabelita R. Bella
David A. Chad
Myasthenia Gravis	798	(4)
Randall R. Long
Miscellaneous Neurologic Problems in the Intensive Care Unit	802	(4)
Nancy M. Fontneau
Ann L. Mitchell
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	806	(5)
John P. Weaver
Marc Fisher
Daniel F. Hanley
XIV. TRANSPLANTATION
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of Organ Transplant Recipients: Introduction	811	(3)
Abhinav Humar
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of Kidney Transplant Recipients	814	(3)
Abhinav Humar
Rainer W.G. Gruessner
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of Pancreas Transplant Recipients	817	(4)
Abhinav Humar
Scott A. Gruber
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of Liver Transplant Recipients	821	(4)
Abhinav Humar
Rainer W.G. Gruessner
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of Heart, Heart-Lung, and Lung Transplant Patients	825	(3)
Abhinav Humar
Sara J. Shumway
David L. Dunn
Critical Care of the Cadaver Organ Donor	828	(3)
Ahbinav Humar
Christoph Troppmann
David L. Dunn
Rejection, Infection, and Malignancy in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients	831	(5)
Ahbinav Humar
Kenneth L. Brayman
David L. Dunn
Bone Marrow Transplantation	836	(9)
Karen K. Ballen
F. Marc Stewart
XV. RHEUMATOLOGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
David F. Giansiracusa
Rheumatologic Disorders in the Intensive Care Unit	845	(8)
David F. Giansiracusa
Leslie R. Harrold
Anaphylaxis	853	(6)
Nereida A. Parada
Helen Hollingsworth
Collagen Vascular Diseases in the Intensive Care Unit	859	(6)
Leslie R. Harrold
Nancy Y.N. Liu
David F. Giansiracusa
Vasculitis in the Intensive Care Unit	865	(6)
Leslie R. Harrold
Nancy Y.N. Liu
David F. Giansiracusa
XVI. PSYCHIATRIC ISSUES IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Theodore A. Stem
Diagnosis and Treatment of Agitation and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit Patient	871	(5)
Stephan Heckers
George E. Tesar
John Querques
Theodore A. Stern
Recognition and Treatment of Anxiety in the Intensive Care Unit Patient	876	(2)
Mark H. Pollack
Lawrence A. Labbate
John Querques
Theodore A. Stern
Recognition and Treatment of Depression in the Intensive Care Unit Patient	878	(9)
Edith S. Geringer
John Querques
Theodore A. Stern
XVII. MORAL, ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND PUBLIC POLICY ISSUES IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
James M. Rippe
Richard S. Irwin
Ethical and Legal Issues in an Era of Managed Care	887	(14)
John J. Paris
J. Cameron Muir
Frank E. Reardon
APPENDIX
Calculations Commonly Used in Critical Care	883	(18)
Mark M. Wilson
Subject Index	901