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9780521153720

Marine Turbulence: Theories, Observations, and Models

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780521153720

  • ISBN10:

    0521153727

  • Edition: Revised
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2011-03-02
  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press

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Summary

This 2005 book gives a comprehensive overview of measurement techniques and theories for marine turbulence and mixing processes. It describes the processes which control the mixing of greenhouse gases, nutrients, trace elements, and hazardous substances in our oceans and shelf seas - from local to planetary scales. These processes buffer climate changes and are centrally important for regional to global ecosystem dynamics. The publication also contains source codes of turbulence models and models of the upper-ocean mixing layer (COHERENS and GOTM), and observational data sets of turbulence characteristics or corresponding proxies of waters from all over the world. These can be found at www.cambridge.org/9780521153720. Written by a team of 53 world-leading experts, it represents a rich source of data and methods for students and scientists in oceanography, hydrology, limnology, and meteorology, as well as marine, naval and civil engineers.

Table of Contents

List of contributors
Foreword
Preface
Joel H. Ferviger - Obituary
On the Physics of Turbulence
Prologue
Turbulence: its origins and structure
A novel two-equation turbulence closure for high Reynolds numbers: homogenous stratified shear layers
A novel two-equation turbulence closure for high Reynolds numbers: spatially non-uniform turbulence
on some analogies between high-Reynolds-number turbulence and a vortex gas for a simple flow configuration
A spectral-closure model for turbulent flows with stable stratification
Intermittency
Horizontal mixing processes
Epilogue
Observational Methods
Prologue
Horizontal and vertical turbulence profilers
Microstructure sensors
Optical sensors
Dissipation measurement: theory
Acoustic Doppler techniques
Validation of microstructure-based diffusivity estimates using tracers in lakes and oceans
Other methods and approaches
Epilogue
Numerical and Computational Methods
Prologue
Direct and large-eddy simulation of turbulence
Marine-turbulence modeling using data assimilation
A generic transport equation for the length scale in turbulent flows
Some numerical aspects of turbulence-closure models
How to do random walk right in eddy-viscosity models
The GOTM modeling system
Coupling of the GOTM turbulence module to some three-dimensional ocean models
Epilogue
Boundary Layers
Prologue
The surface mixed layer: an overview
The near-surface boundary layer
Modeling turbulence generation by breaking waves
Langmuir circulation
Near-bottom boundary layers
Equatorial turbulence
The effect of rotation on convective boundary-layer turbulence
Epilogue
Estuaries, Fjords, and Lakes:
Prologue
Turbulence in a swift tidal channel with weak stratification
Partially mixed estuaries: the Hudson River
Turbulence measurements in highly stratified estuaries
Turbulence measurements in fjords
Turbulence and mixing regimes specific to lakes
Epilogue
Shelf Seas and the Shelf Edge:
Prologue
The near-shore region
The four shelf-sea regimes
The doubly stratified regime: turbulence closures for an OGCM of the Baltic Sea
The shelf edge: internal waves
Epilogue
Large-Scale Processes
Prologue
Routes to dissipation in the ocean: the two-dimensional/three-dimensional turbulence conundrum
From mixing to geostrophy: geostrophic turbulence in atmospheres, oceans, and the laboratory
Geostrophic eddies: an overview of their effects and parameterizations in ocean models
Vortex dynamics and turbulent lateral heat transport
Subgrid- and supergird-scale parameterization of turbulence in quasi-two-dimensional barotropic flows and phenomenon of negative viscosity
Energy spectra and zonal flows on the ß-plane, on a rotating sphere, and on giant planets
Vortex dynamics and ß-plane turbulence
On the role of eddy mixing in the transport of zonal ocean currents
Passive scalars in two-dimensional and quasi-geostrophic turbulence
Epilogue
The CD-ROM: Data Sets and Numerical Codes:
Prologue
Model codes
Data sets
Epilogue
References
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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