Medical - Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems

by Lewis, Sharon Mantik; Heitkemper, Margaret McLean; Dirksen, Shannon Ruff

• ISBN13: 9780323010481
• ISBN10: 0323010482
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-01-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Science Health Science div

Table of Contents

SECTION 1 GENERAL CONCEPTS OF NURSING PRACTICE
Applying Critical Thinking to the Nursing Process	3	(13)
Assessment Phase	6	(1)
Diagnosis Phase	6	(1)
Planning Phase	7	(2)
Implementation Phase	9	(1)
Evaluation Phase	9	(7)
Community-Based Nursing and Home Health Care	16	(13)
Changing Health Care System	16	(1)
Continuum of Patient Care	17	(12)
Adult Development	29	(14)
Conceptual Approaches to Adult Development	31	(2)
Psychodynamic Issues of Adulthood	33	(3)
Social Processes in Adulthood	36	(2)
Physiologic Processes in Adulthood	38	(5)
Gerontologic Considerations	43	(23)
Attitudes Toward Aging	44	(1)
Age-Related Physiologic Changes	44	(6)
Ethnicity and Aging	50	(1)
Nursing Process and the Older Adult	51	(1)
Teaching Older Adults	52	(1)
Health Promotion and Screening	52	(1)
Chronic Illness	53	(1)
Geriatric Rehabilitation	54	(1)
Hospitalization and Acute Illness	54	(4)
Social Support and the Older Adult	58	(2)
Care Alternatives for Older Adults	60	(2)
Legal and Ethical Issues	62	(4)
Health History and Physical Examination	66	(13)
Interviewing Considerations	66	(10)
Problem Identification and Nursing Diagnoses	76	(3)
Patient Teaching	79	(13)
Role of Patient Teaching	79	(1)
Education Process	79	(13)
Nursing Management: Stress	92	(15)
Theories of Stress	92	(1)
Stress as a Response	92	(2)
Stress as a Stimulus	94	(1)
Stress as a Transaction	95	(1)
Physiologic Response to Stress	96	(4)
Identifying Stressors or Demands	100	(1)
Coping	101	(6)
Complementary and Alternative Therapies	107	(19)
Biobehavioral Therapies	110	(6)
Manual Healing Therapies	116	(2)
Traditional and Ethnomedicine Therapies	118	(1)
Herbal Therapies	119	(7)
Nursing Management: Pain	126	(29)
Definitions of Pain	126	(1)
Dimensions of Pain	127	(5)
Etiology and Type of Pain	132	(2)
Assessment of Pain	134	(3)
Drug Therapy for Pain	137
Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Pain	a145
Nursing Management: Substance Abuse and Dependence	155	(34)
Stimulants	157	(7)
Depressants	164	(7)
Hallucinogens	171	(11)
Special Populations with Substance Abuse Problems	182	(1)
Chemical Dependence in Nurses	182	(7)
SECTION 2 PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
Nursing Management: Inflammation and Infection	189	(23)
Cell Injury	189	(1)
Defense Against Injury	190	(6)
Healing Process	196	(16)
Nursing Management: Altered Immune Responses	212	(29)
Normal Immune Response	212	(6)
Altered Immune Response	218	(6)
Allergic Disorders	224	(5)
Autoimmune Phenomena	229	(4)
Immunodeficiency Disorders	233	(1)
Immune-Related Diseases	234	(2)
New Technologies in Immunology	236	(5)
Nursing Management: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection	241	(28)
Transmission of HIV	241	(2)
Pathophysiology	243	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and Complications	244	(3)
Diagnostic Studies	247	(2)
Collaborative Care	249	(20)
Nursing Management: Cancer	269	(54)
Biology of Cancer	270	(8)
Classification of Cancer	278	(1)
Prevention and Detection of Cancer	279	(4)
Collaborative Care	283	(33)
Complications Resulting from Cancer	316	(2)
Psychologic Support	318	(5)
Nursing Management: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances	323	(32)
Homeostasis	323	(7)
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances	330	(1)
Sodium and Volume Imbalances	330	(5)
Potassium Imbalances	335	(3)
Calcium Imbalances	338	(2)
Phosphate Imbalances	340	(1)
Magnesium Imbalances	341	(1)
Protein Imbalances	342	(1)
Acid-Base Imbalances	342	(4)
Assessment of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances	346	(9)
SECTION 3 THE SURGICAL EXPERIENCE
Nursing Management: Preoperative Patient	355	(20)
Surgical Settings	355	(1)
Psychosocial Reactions to Surgery	356	(1)
Patient Interview	356	(1)
Assessment of the Preoperative Patient	357	(18)
Nursing Management: Patient During Surgery	375	(15)
Physical Environment	375	(1)
Surgical Team	376	(6)
Classification of Anesthesia	382	(8)
Nursing Management: Postoperative Patient	390	(27)
Postoperative Care in the Postanesthesia Care Unit	390	(1)
Postanesthesia Care Unit Admission	390	(9)
Surgical Care of the Patient in the Postanesthesia Care Unit	399	(1)
Discharge from the Postanesthesia Care Unit	399	(1)
Care of the Postoperative Patient on the Clinical Unit	400	(17)
SECTION 4 PROBLEMS RELATED TO ALTERED SENSORY INPUT
Nursing Assessment: Visual and Auditory Systems	417	(25)
Structures and Functions: Visual System	417	(4)
Assessment: Visual System	421	(9)
Diagnostic Studies: Visual System	430	(1)
Structures and Functions: Auditory System	431	(2)
Assessment: Auditory System	433	(3)
Diagnostic Studies: Auditory System	436	(6)
Nursing Management: Visual and Auditory Problems	442	(40)
Correctable Refractive Errors	443	(6)
Eye Trauma	449	(1)
Extraocular Disorders	449	(4)
Intraocular Disorders	453	(5)
Retinal Detachment	458	(3)
Age-Related Macular Degeneration	461	(1)
Glaucoma	461	(8)
External Ear and Canal	469	(2)
Middle Ear and Mastoid	471	(3)
Inner Ear Problems	474	(2)
Hearing Impairment and Deafness	476	(6)
Nursing Assessment: Integumentary System	482	(11)
Structures and Functions: Skin and Appendages	482	(3)
Assessment: Integumentary System	485	(6)
Diagnostic Studies: Integumentary System	491	(2)
Nursing Management: Integumentary Problems	493	(30)
Disorders of the Integumentary System	502	(8)
Dermatologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases	510	(1)
Plastic Surgery	510	(6)
Pressure Ulcers	516	(7)
Nursing Management: Patient with Burns	523	(30)
Types of Burn Injury	523	(3)
Classification of Burn Injury	526	(2)
Phases of Burn Management	528	(19)
Emotional Needs of the Patient and Family	547	(1)
Special Needs of the Nursing Staff	548	(5)
SECTION 5 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: VENTILATION
Nursing Assessment: Respiratory System	553	(26)
Structures and Functions: Respiratory System	553	(8)
Assessment: Respiratory System	561	(8)
Diagnostic Studies: Respiratory System	569	(10)
Nursing Management: Upper Respiratory Problems	579	(32)
Structural and Traumatic Disorders of the Nose	579	(3)
Inflammation and Infection of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses	582	(6)
Obstruction of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses	588	(1)
Problems Related to the Pharynx	588	(4)
Problems Related to the Trachea and Larynx	592	(1)
Tracheostomy	592	(8)
Cancer of the Head and Neck	600	(11)
Nursing Management: Lower Respiratory Problems	611	(49)
Acute Bronchitis	611	(1)
Pneumonia	612	(11)
Tuberculosis	623	(10)
Lung Cancer	633	(10)
Chest Trauma and Thoracic Injuries	643	(5)
Chest Surgery	648	(4)
Restrictive Respiratory Disorders	652	(3)
Vascular Lung Disorders	655	(2)
Lung Transplantation	657	(3)
Nursing Management: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases	660	(59)
Asthma	660	(1)
Triggers of Asthma Attacks	660	(2)
Pathophysiology	662	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	663	(1)
Classification of Asthma	664	(1)
Complications	664	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	665	(1)
Collaborative Care	666	(16)
Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis	682	(1)
Etiology	682	(1)
Pathophysiology	683	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	685	(1)
Complications	686	(2)
Diagnostic Studies	688	(1)
Collaborative Care	688	(22)
Cystic Fibrosis	710	(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology	711	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	711	(1)
Complications	712	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	712	(1)
Collaborative Care	712	(7)
SECTION 6 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: TRANSPORT
Nursing Assessment: Hematologic System	719	(17)
Structures and Functions: Hematologic System	719	(6)
Assessment: Hematologic System	725	(3)
Diagnostic Studies: Hematologic System	728	(8)
Nursing Management: Hematologic Problems	736	(57)
Anemia Caused by Decreased Erythrocyte Production	739	(8)
Anemia Caused by Blood Loss	747	(1)
Anemia Caused by Increased Erythrocyte Destruction	748	(5)
Polycythemia	753	(1)
Problems of Hemostasis	754	(12)
Neutropenia	766	(2)
Myelodysplastic Syndrome	768	(2)
Leukemia	770	(7)
Lymphomas	777	(3)
Malignancies of Plasma Cells	780	(2)
Disorders of the Spleen	782	(1)
Blood Component Therapy	782	(11)
SECTION 7 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: PERFUSION
Nursing Assessment: Cardiovacular System	793	(24)
Structures and Functions: Cardiovascular System	793	(5)
Assessment: Cardiovascular System	798	(7)
Diagnostic Studies: Cardiovascular System	805	(12)
Nursing Management: Hypertension	817	(24)
Normal Regulation of Blood Pressure	817	(2)
Hypertension	819	(1)
Definition	819	(1)
Significance	819	(1)
Classification of Hypertension	820	(1)
Pathophysiology of Primary Hypertension	820	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	822	(1)
Complications	822	(2)
Diagnostic Studies	824	(1)
Collaborative Care	824	(13)
Hypertensive Crisis	837	(4)
Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease	841	(46)
Angina Pectoris	849	(12)
Myocardial Infarction	861	(20)
Sudden Cardiac Death	881	(1)
Women and Coronary Artery Disease	882	(5)
Nursing Management: Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiac Surgery	887	(31)
Congestive Heart Failure	887	(16)
Cardiomyopathy	903	(1)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy	903	(3)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy	906	(1)
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy	907	(1)
``Crack'' Heart	907	(1)
Cardiac Surgery	907	(11)
Nursing Management: Arrhythmias	918	(29)
Evaluation of Arrhythmias	923	(1)
Types of Arrhythmias	924	(10)
Antiarrhytmic Drugs	934	(1)
Defibrillation	934	(2)
Pacemakers	936	(2)
Catheter Ablation Therapy	938	(1)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation	939	(1)
Basic Cardiac Life Support	939	(4)
Advanced Cardiac Life Support	943	(4)
Nursing Management: Inflammatory and Valvular Heart Diseases	947	(31)
Inflammatory Disorders of the Heart	947	(1)
Infective Endocarditis	947	(7)
Acute Pericarditis	954	(4)
Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis	958	(1)
Myocarditis	958	(1)
Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease	959	(5)
Valvular Heart Disease	964	(1)
Mitral Stenosis	965	(2)
Mitral Regurgitation	967	(1)
Mitral Valve Prolapse	967	(1)
Aortic Stenosis	968	(1)
Aortic Regurgitation	968	(10)
Nursing Management: Vascular Disorders	978	(35)
Disorders of the Aorta	978	(1)
Aneurysms	978	(7)
Aortic Dissection	985	(1)
Acute Arterial Occlusive Disorders	986	(1)
Chronic Arterial Occlusive Disease	987	(8)
Disorders of the Veins	995	(1)
Thrombophlebitis	995	(7)
Varicose Veins	1002	(2)
Venous Stasis Ulcers	1004	(1)
Pulmonary Embolism	1005	(8)
SECTION 8 PROBLEMS OF INGESTION, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND ELIMINATION
Nursing Assessment: Gastrointestinal System	1013	(25)
Structures and Functions: Gastrointestinal System	1013	(7)
Assessment: Gastrointestinal System	1020	(8)
Diagnostic Studies: Gastrointestinal System	1028	(10)
Nursing Management: Nutritional Problems	1038	(42)
Normal Nutrition	1038	(2)
Nutritional Needs	1040	(2)
Vitamin Imbalances	1042	(2)
Eating Disorders	1044	(2)
Malnutrition	1046	(7)