Milady's Standard Nail Technology: Nail Technology

by Schultes, Sue Ellen; Milady

• ISBN13: 9781562538828
• ISBN10: 1562538829
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-07-19
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Milady?s Art and Science of Nail Technology, 4th edition, is a completely updated guide to nail technology, reinforcing the nail technologist?s role. It covers all the recent developments in the practice of nail technology, including new chapters on aromatherapy and electric files. With its? easy-to-read and logical arrangement of topics, excellent use of alerts and tips, and an extensive photographic record of skin and nail diseases in their early stages, this book is as useful and appealing to practicing nail technicians and nail artists as it is to the student.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Acknowledgments	xx
Introduction	1	(8)
PART 1 GETTING STARTED
Your Professional Image
Professional Salon Conduct	9	(3)
Professional Salon Conduct Toward Clients	9	(2)
Professional Salon Conduct Toward Employers and Coworkers	11	(1)
Professional Ethics	12	(3)
Professional Ethics Toward Clients	13	(1)
Professional Ethics Toward Employer and Coworkers	13	(2)
Your Professional Appearance	15	(6)
Bacteria and Other Infectious Agents
Bacteria	21	(2)
Types of Bacteria	21	(1)
Classifications of Pathogenic Bacteria	22	(1)
Growth and Reproduction of Bacteria	23	(1)
Movement of Bacteria	23	(1)
Viruses and Fungus	23	(2)
Viruses	23	(1)
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)	23	(1)
Fungus and Mold	24	(1)
Nail Fungal Infections	24	(1)
Mold and Mildew	24	(1)
Exposing the Natural Nail	25	(1)
Prevention	25	(1)
Parasites	25	(1)
Rickettsia	25	(1)
Understanding Infection	25	(10)
Immunity to Infection	26	(1)
How Infections Breed in the Salon	26	(2)
How Nail Technicians Can Fight Infections	28	(7)
Sanitation and Disinfection
Contamination Control	35	(1)
Sterilization	35	(1)
Sanitation	36	(1)
Disinfection	37	(3)
Effective Use of Disinfectants	38	(1)
Types of Disinfectants	39	(1)
Implements and Other Surfaces	40	(1)
Ultraviolet Ray Sanitizers	40	(1)
Bead ``Sterilizers''	40	(3)
Procedure 3-1 Pre-Service Sanitation	41	(2)
Beware of Formalin	43	(1)
Blood Spills	43	(1)
Disinfectant Safety	44	(1)
Universal Sanitation	44	(7)
Safety in the Salon
Common Chemicals Used by Nail Technicians	51	(1)
Learn About the Chemicals in Your Products	52	(2)
What Is an MSDS?	52	(2)
How You Can Get Material Safety Data Sheets	54	(1)
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard CFR 1910.1200	54	(4)
Avoiding Overexposure Is Easy!	58	(2)
Ventilation Control	58	(1)
Local Exhaust	59	(1)
Preventing Overexposure to Dusts	60	(1)
A Dangerous Misconception	60	(1)
Protect Your Eyes	60	(1)
Other Tips for Working Safely	61	(1)
Cumulative Trauma Disorders	62	(9)
What to Do?	63	(8)
PART 2 THE SCIENCE OF NAIL TECHNOLOGY
Nail Product Chemistry Simplified
Understanding Chemicals	71	(3)
Matter and Energy	71	(1)
Molecules and Elements	71	(1)
Forms of Matter	71	(1)
Chemical Reactions	72	(1)
Catalyst	72	(1)
Solvents and Solutes	73	(1)
Adhesion and Adhesives	74	(2)
Adhesives	74	(1)
Primers	74	(1)
A Clean Start	75	(1)
Fingernail Coatings	76	(3)
Monomers and Polymers	76	(1)
Understanding Polymerizations	77	(1)
Simple vs. Cross-linking Polymer Chains	77	(1)
Light and Heat Energy	78	(1)
Evaporation Coatings	78	(1)
``Better for the Nail'' Claims	79	(1)
Avoiding Skin Problems	79	(3)
Dermatitis	79	(1)
Prolonged or Repeated Contact	79	(2)
Irritant Contact Dermatitis	81	(1)
Remember These Precautions	82	(1)
Protect Yourself	82	(1)
The Overexposure Principle	82	(7)
Anatomy and Physiology
Cells	89	(2)
Cell Growth	89	(1)
Cell Metabolism	90	(1)
Tissues	91	(1)
Organs	92	(1)
Overview of Systems	92	(1)
The Integumentary System	92	(1)
The Skeletal System	93	(2)
Structure of Bone	93	(1)
Joints	94	(1)
Bones of the Arm and Hand	94	(1)
Bones of the Leg and Foot	94	(1)
The Muscular System	95	(4)
Muscle Parts	96	(1)
Stimulation of Muscles	96	(1)
Muscles Affected by Massage	96	(3)
The Nervous System	99	(2)
The Brain and the Spinal Cord	99	(1)
Nerve Cells and Nerves	100	(1)
The Circulatory System	101	(3)
The Heart	101	(2)
The Blood	103	(1)
The Endocrine System	104	(1)
The Excretory System	105	(1)
The Respiratory System	105	(1)
The Digestive System	106	(7)
The Nail and its Disorders
Normal Nail Anatomy	113	(3)
Chemical Content of the Nail	116	(1)
Nail Disorders	116	(2)
Common Nail Disorders and Their Symptoms	118	(15)
The Skin and its Disorders
Healthy Skin	133	(1)
Function of the Skin	133	(1)
Structure of the Skin	134	(4)
Nourishment of the Skin	136	(1)
Nerves of the Skin	136	(1)
Glands of the Skin	137	(1)
Elasticity of the Skin	138	(1)
Skin Disorders	138	(7)
Lesions of the Skin	138	(2)
Inflammations and Infectious Disorders of the Skin	140	(3)
Fungal Infections of the Skin	143	(2)
Pigmentation of the Skin	145	(8)
Client Consultation
Determining the Condition of Nails and Skin	153	(1)
Determining Your Client's Needs	154	(1)
Meeting Your Client's Needs	155	(1)
Completing the Client Health/Record Form	156	(3)
Maintaining the Client Service and Product Record	159	(6)
PART 3 BASIC PROCEDURES
Manicuring
Nail Technology Supplies	165	(10)
Equipment	165	(1)
Implements	166	(3)
Sanitation for Implements	169	(1)
Materials	169	(1)
Nail Cosmetics	170	(3)
Procedure 10-1 Basic Table Set-Up	173	(2)
Choosing a Nail Shape	175	(2)
Procedure 10-2 Handling Blood During a Manicure	176	(1)
Plain Manicure	177	(6)
Three-part Procedure	177	(1)
Pre-service	177	(1)
Actual Procedure	177	(1)
Post-service	177	(1)
Procedure 10-3 Performing a Plain Manicure	178	(5)
Finishing the Nails	183	(1)
Five Types of Polish Application	183	(1)
Plain Manicure Post-service	184	(1)
French and American Manicures	184	(1)
Reconditioning Hot Oil Manicure	185	(2)
Supplies	186	(1)
Reconditioning Hot Oil Manicure Pre-service	186	(1)
Reconditioning Warm Oil Manicure Process	186	(1)
Performing a Man's Manicure	187	(2)
Manicure Using an Electric File	189	(1)
Safety and Sanitation Requirements for Using an Electric File	189	(1)
Paraffin Wax Treatment	189	(3)
Procedure 10-4 Paraffin Wax Treatment (Performed Before a Manicure)	190	(2)
Procedure 10-5 Paraffin Wax Treatment (Performed During a Manicure)	192	(1)
Hand and Arm Massage	192	(3)
Hand Massage Techniques	193	(1)
Arm Massage Techniques	194	(1)
Spa Manicure	195	(6)
Pedicuring
Pedicure Supplies	201	(1)
Pedicures	202	(5)
Pedicure Pre-service	202	(1)
Pedicure Service	203	(1)
Procedure 11-1 Performing a Pedicure	204	(2)
Pedicure Post-service	206	(1)
Foot Massage	207	(3)
Foot Massage Techniques	208	(2)
More About Pedicuring	210	(2)
Soaks	210	(1)
Scrubs	211	(1)
Massage Preparations	211	(1)
Add-on Products	212	(1)
Pedicure Instruments	212	(15)
Procedure 11-2 The Full-service Pedicure	217	(10)
Electric Filing
Are Electric Files Safe?	227	(1)
Do Electric Files Damage Nails?	227	(1)
Types of Files	227	(1)
Belt-driven	227	(1)
Cable-driven	227	(1)
Micromotor	228	(1)
Hand-held Micromotor	228	(1)
Portable	228	(1)
Choosing an Electric File	228	(4)
Power and Speed	229	(1)
Life Expectancy	230	(1)
Maintenance and Warranties	230	(1)
Cost	230	(1)
Bits	230	(1)
Concentricity	231	(1)
Finish	231	(1)
Grits	231	(1)
Types of Bits Used on the Nail	232	(1)
Sanitation and Disinfection of Bits	233	(1)
Rusting	233	(1)
How to Use the Electric File	233	(3)
Application Technique	233	(1)
Shaping Under the Nail and C-curves	234	(1)
Backfills	234	(1)
Finishing	235	(1)
Buffing Oils	235	(1)
Troubleshooting	236	(1)
Heat	236	(1)
Left-handed Technicians	236	(1)
Carpal Tunnel	236	(1)
Speed	236	(1)
The Professional in You	236	(5)
Aromatherapy
What is Aromatherapy?	241	(1)
Essential Oils	242	(2)
Ten Basic Essential Oils	243	(1)
Carrier Oils	244	(1)
Ways to Use and Apply Essential Oils and Practice Aromatherapy	245	(1)
The Hands and Manicures	245	(2)
Recipes for Manicures	246	(1)
The Feet and Pedicures	247	(2)
Recipes for Pedicures	248	(1)
Choosing an Aroma	249	(8)
Recommended Oils for Pedicures	249	(8)
PART 4 THE ART OF NAIL TECHNOLOGY
Nail Tips
Supplies for Nail Tips	257	(1)
Nail Tip Application	258	(4)
Nail hip Application Pre-service	258	(1)
Procedure 14-1 Nail Tip Application	259	(2)
Nail Tip Post-service	261	(1)
Alternative Tip Applications	262	(1)
Tip Well Cutting Application	262	(1)
Tip Application with Acrylic	263	(1)
Maintenance and Removal of Tips	263	(6)
Maintenance	263	(1)
Procedure 14-2 Tip Removal	264	(5)
Nail Wraps
Fabric Wraps	269	(5)
Supplies	269	(1)
Nail Wrap Pre-Service	270	(1)
Procedure 15-1 Nail Wrap Application	271	(2)
Nail Wrap Post-service	273	(1)
Fabric Wrap Maintenance, Removal, and Repairs	274	(4)
Fabric Wrap Maintenance	274	(1)
Procedure 15-2 Two-week Fabric Wrap Maintenance	275	(1)
Procedure 15-3 Four-week Fabric Wrap Maintenance	276	(1)
Repairs with Fabric Wraps	277	(1)
Fabric Wrap Removal	277	(1)
Paper Wraps	278	(1)
Supplies	278	(1)
Liquid Nail Wrap	278	(7)
Procedure 15-4 Paper Wrap Application	279	(6)
Acrylic Nails
Acrylic Nails Over Forms	285	(11)
Supplies for Acrylic Nails	285	(2)
Acrylic Nail Pre-service	287	(1)
Procedure 16-1 Acrylic Nails Using Forms	288	(4)
Acrylic Nail Post-service	292	(1)
Procedure 16-2 Acrylic Nails Over Tips or Natural Nails	293	(3)
Acrylic Backfill	296	(5)
Supplies	296	(1)
Procedure 16-3 Acrylic Backfill (Using an Electric File)	297	(1)
Procedure 16-4 Acrylic Backfill (Without Using an Electric File)	298	(1)
Procedure 16-5 Acrylic Nail Application Over Bitten Nails	299	(2)
Acrylic Nail Maintenance and Removal	301	(5)
Procedure 16-6 Acrylic Nail Refills	302	(1)
Crack Repair For Acrylic Nails	303	(1)
Procedure 16-7 Acrylic Nail Crack Repair	304	(1)
Procedure 16-8 Acrylic Removal	305	(1)
Odorless Acrylics	306	(1)
Light-cured Acrylics	306	(1)
Colored Acrylics	307	(1)
Dipping Methods	307	(6)
Gels
Light-Cured Gel on Tips or Natural Nails	313	(7)
Supplies	313	(1)
Gel Application Pre-service	314	(1)
Procedure 17-1 Light-cured Gel Application	315	(3)
Gel Application Post-service	318	(1)
Procedure 17-2 Light-cured Gel Over Forms	319	(1)
No-Light Gels	320	(2)
Supplies	320	(1)
Procedure 17-3 No-light Gel Application	321	(1)
No-light Gels and Fiberglass/Silk Wrap	322	(1)
Procedure 17-4 Combining No-light Gels and Fiberglass or Silk Wrap	323	(1)
Gel Maintenance and Removal	323	(6)
Gel Maintenance	323	(1)
Gel Removal	323	(6)
The Creative Touch
The Basics and Foundation of Nail Art	329	(3)
The Rules	329	(1)
The Basics	330	(1)
Color Theory	331	(1)
Creating Nail Art	332	(4)
Gems	332	(1)
Foiling	332	(1)
Striping Tape	333	(1)
Gold Leafing	333	(2)
Procedure 18-1 Gold Leaf Application	335	(1)
Freehand Painting	336	(4)
Brushes	336	(2)
Strokes	338	(1)
Design Techniques	338	(2)
Colored Acrylic Painting	340	(1)
Using an Airbrush for Nail Color and Nail Art	340	(2)
Airbrush Equipment and Operation	341	(1)
Getting Started and Finished	342	(5)
Set-up and Practice	342	(3)
Procedure 18-2 Airbrushing	345	(2)
Two-color Fade	347	(3)
Procedure 18-3 Two-color Fade Application	348	(2)
Traditional French Manicure (with Optional Lunula)	350	(9)
Procedure 18-4 Traditional French Manicure Application	351	(8)
PART 5 THE BUSINESS OF NAIL TECHNOLOGY
Salon Business
Your Working Environment	359	(1)
The Full-service Salon	359	(1)
The Nails-only Salon	359	(1)
The Tanning Salon	360	(1)
The Salon or Day Spa	360	(1)
Make Your Decision	360	(1)
Types of Compensation	361	(1)
Booth Rental and Salon Ownership	362	(1)
Interviewing with Success	362	(3)
Look Your Best	363	(1)
Your Resume	363	(1)
The Interview	364	(1)
Keeping Good Personal Records	365	(1)
Income	365	(1)
Expenses	365	(1)
Appointments	365	(1)
Understanding Salon Business Records	366	(1)
Using Business Records	366	(1)
Keeping Client Records	366	(1)
Computerization	367	(1)
Booking Appointments	367	(1)
Advertising Yourself	368	(1)
Collecting Payment for Services	368	(1)
Where to Go for Help	368	(7)
Selling Nail Products and Services
Know Your Products and Services	375	(1)
Features	375	(1)
Benefits	376	(1)
Know What Your Client Needs and Wants	376	(1)
Marketing	377	(3)
Setting Prices for Your Products and Services	377	(1)
Marketing with Salon Literature	378	(1)
Marketing through Advertising	378	(1)
Marketing with Promotions	379	(1)
Target Advertising	380	(1)
Present Your Products and Services	380	(1)
Sell While You Work	380	(1)
Display a List of Your Services	381	(1)
Display Your Products	381	(1)
Answer Questions and Objections	381	(1)
Questions	381	(1)
Objections	382	(1)
Close the Sale	382	(1)
Suggestion Selling	382	(1)
Wrap-Up	382	(1)
Scheduling Another Appointment	382	(1)
Tracking Your Success	383	(4)
Filling Your Books	383	(1)
Client Retention	384	(1)
Setting Goals	384	(3)
Glossary	387	(8)
Answers to Review Questions	395	(14)
Index	409