Mla Handbook for Writers of Research Papers

by Gibaldi, Joseph

ISBN13:

9780873525657

ISBN10:

0873525655

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

5/1/1995

Publisher(s):

Modern Language Assn of Amer

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Summary

Since it was first published in 1977, the "MLA Handbook" has sold nearly four million copies worldwide. Now completely revised and updated, the guide contains detailed information on using computers for research and writing and on citing electronic publications. Features include two-color printing, lie-flat binding, and a complete subject index.

Foreword

xiii

Phyllis Franklin

CHAPTER 1: Research and Writing

(41)

1.1. The Research Paper as a Form of Exploration

(2)

1.2. The Research Paper as a Form of Writing

(1)

1.3. Selecting a Topic

(1)

1.4. Using the Library and Other Information Sources

(15)

1.4.1. Introduction to the Library

(1)

1.4.2. The Central Catalog or Central Information System

(4)

1.4.3. Reference Works

(7)

1.4.4. Location of Library Materials

(1)

1.4.5. Other Library Resources and Services

(2)

1.5. Compiling a Working Bibliography

(4)

1.6. Taking Notes

(2)

1.7. Plagiarism

(3)

1.8. Outlining

(6)

1.8.1. Working Outline

(1)

1.8.2. Thesis Statement

(1)

1.8.3. Final Outline

(4)

1.9. Writing Drafts

(2)

1.10. Language and Style

(1)

1.11. Guides to Writing

(5)

CHAPTER 2: The Mechanics of Writing

(51)

2.1. Spelling

(1)

2.1.1. Consistency

(1)

2.1.2. Word Division

(1)

2.1.3. Foreign Words

(1)

2.2. Punctuation

(14)

2.2.1. The Purpose of Punctuation

(1)

2.2.2. Commas

(5)

2.2.3. Semicolons

(1)

2.2.4. Colons

(1)

2.2.5. Dashes and Parentheses

(1)

2.2.6. Hyphens

(2)

2.2.7. Apostrophes

(2)

2.2.8. Quotation Marks

(1)

2.2.9. Square Brackets

(1)

2.2.10. Slashes

(1)

2.2.11. Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points

(1)

2.3. Italics (Underlining)

(1)

2.3.1. Words and Letters Referred to as Words and Letters

(1)

2.3.2. Foreign Words in an English Text

(1)

2.3.3. Emphasis

(1)

2.4. Names of Persons

(2)

2.4.1. First and Subsequent Uses of Names

(1)

2.4.2. Titles of Persons

(1)

2.4.3. Names of Authors and Fictional Characters

(1)

2.5. Numbers

(4)

2.5.1. Arabic Numerals

(1)

2.5.2. Use of Words or Numerals

(1)

2.5.3. Commas in Numbers

(1)

2.5.4. Percentages and Amounts of Money

(1)

2.5.5. Dates

(1)

2.5.6. Inclusive Numbers

(1)

2.5.7. Roman Numerals

(1)

2.6. Titles of Works in the Research Paper

(7)

2.6.1. Capitalization and Punctuation

(2)

2.6.2. Underlined Titles

(1)

2.6.3. Titles in Quotation Marks

(1)

2.6.4. Titles and Quotations within Titles

(2)

2.6.5. Exceptions

(1)

2.6.6. Shortened Titles

(1)

2.7. Quotations

(11)

2.7.1. Use of Quotations

(1)

2.7.2. Prose

(2)

2.7.3. Poetry

(1)

2.7.4. Drama

(1)

2.7.5. Ellipsis

(4)

2.7.6. Other Alterations of Sources

(1)

2.7.7. Punctuation with Quotations

(2)

2.8. Capitalization and Personal Names in Languages Other Than English

(11)

2.8.1. French

(2)

2.8.2. German

(1)

2.8.3. Italian

(2)

2.8.4. Spanish

(1)

2.8.5. Latin

(5)

CHAPTER 3: The Format of the Research Paper

(10)

3.1. Printing or Typing

(1)

3.2. Paper

(1)

3.3. Margins

(1)

3.4. Spacing

(1)

3.5. Heading and Title

(1)

3.6. Page Numbers

(1)

3.7. Tables and Illustrations

(3)

3.8. Corrections and Insertions

(1)

3.9. Binding

(5)

CHAPTER 4: Documentation: Preparing the List of Works Cited

104

(80)

4.1. Documenting Sources

104

(1)

4.2. MLA Style

104

(2)

4.3. The List of Works Cited and Other Source Lists

106

(1)

4.4. Placement of the List of Works Cited

107

(1)

4.5. Arrangement of Entries

108

(1)

4.6. Citing Books

109

(29)

4.6.1. The Basic Entry: A Book by a Single Author

109

(4)

4.6.2. An Anthology or a Compilation

113

(1)

4.6.3. Two or More Books by the Same Author

113

(1)

4.6.4. A Book by Two or More Authors

114

(2)

4.6.5. Two or More Books by the Same Authors

116

(1)

4.6.6. A Book by a Corporate Author

117

(1)

4.6.7. A Work in an Anthology

117

(3)

4.6.8. An Article in a Reference Book

120

(1)

4.6.9. An Introduction, a Preface, a Foreword, or an Afterword

121

(1)

4.6.10. Cross-References

122

(1)

4.6.11. An Anonymous Book

123

(1)

4.6.12. An Edition

123

(1)

4.6.13. A Translation

124

(1)

4.6.14. A Book Published in a Second or Subsequent Edition

125

(1)

4.6.15. A Multivolume Work

126

(3)

4.6.16. A Book in a Series

129

(1)

4.6.17. A Republished Book

130

(1)

4.6.18. A Publisher's Imprint

131

(1)

4.6.19. A Book with Multiple Publishers

131

(1)

4.6.20. A Pamphlet

131

(1)

4.6.21. A Government Publication

132

(2)

4.6.22. The Published Proceedings of a Conference

134

(1)

4.6.23. A Book in a Language Other Than English

135

(1)

4.6.24. A Book Published before 1900

135

(1)

4.6.25. A Book without Stated Publication Information or Pagination

136

(1)

4.6.26. An Unpublished Dissertation

137

(1)

4.6.27. A Published Dissertation

137

(1)

4.7. Citing Articles in Periodicals

138

(13)

4.7.1. The Basic Entry: An Article in a Scholarly Journal with Continuous Pagination

138

(3)

4.7.2. An Article in a Scholarly Journal That Pages Each Issue Separately

141

(1)

4.7.3. An Article in a Scholarly Journal That Uses Only Issue Numbers

142

(1)

4.7.4. An Article in a Scholarly Journal with More Than One Series

142

(1)

4.7.5. An Article in a Newspaper

142

(2)

4.7.6. An Article in a Magazine

144

(1)

4.7.7. An Anonymous Article

145

(1)

4.7.8. An Editorial

146

(1)

4.7.9. A Letter to the Editor

146

(1)

4.7.10. A Review

146

(2)

4.7.11. A Serialized Article

148

(1)

4.7.12. An Abstract in an Abstracts Journal

148

(2)

4.7.13. An Article in a Microform Collection of Articles

150

(1)

4.7.14. An Article Reprinted in a Loose-Leaf Collection of Articles

150

(1)

4.8. Citing CD-ROMs and Other Portable Databases

151

(9)

4.8.1. Introduction

151

(2)

4.8.2. Material Accessed from a Periodically Published Database on CD-ROM

153

(2)

4.8.3. A Nonperiodical Publication on CD-ROM

155

(2)

4.8.4. A Publication on Diskette

157

(1)

4.8.5. A Publication on Magnetic Tape

158

(1)

4.8.6. A Work in More Than One Publication Medium

159

(1)

4.9. Citing Online Databases

160

(8)

4.9.1. Introduction

160

(1)

4.9.2. Material Accessed through a Computer Service

161

(2)

4.9.3. Material Accessed through a Computer Network

163

(5)

4.10. Citing Other Sources

168

(16)

4.10.1. A Television or Radio Program

168

(1)

4.10.2. A Sound Recording

169

(3)

4.10.3. A Film or Video Recording

172

(1)

4.10.4. A Performance

173

(2)

4.10.5. A Musical Composition

175

(1)

4.10.6. A Work of Art

175

(1)

4.10.7. A Letter, a Memo, an E-Mail Communication, or a Public Online Posting

176

(2)

4.10.8. An Interview

178

(1)

4.10.9. A Map or Chart

179

(1)

4.10.10. A Cartoon

179

(1)

4.10.11. An Advertisement

179

(1)

4.10.12. A Lecture, a Speech, or an Address

180

(1)

4.10.13. A Manuscript or Typescript

180

(1)

4.10.14. A Legal Source

181

(3)

CHAPTER 5: Documentation: Citing Sources in the Text

184

(24)

5.1. Parenthetical Documentation and the List of Works Cited

184

(1)

5.2. Information Required in Parenthetical Documentation

184

(1)

5.3. Readability

185

(3)

5.4. Sample References

188

(14)

5.4.1. Citing an Entire Work

188

(2)

5.4.2. Citing Part of an Article or of a Book

190

(2)

5.4.3. Citing Volume and Page Numbers of a Multivolume Work

192

(1)

5.4.4. Citing a Work Listed by Title

193

(2)

5.4.5. Citing a Work by a Corporate Author

195

(1)

5.4.6. Citing Two or More Works by the Same Author or Authors

196

(1)

5.4.7. Citing Indirect Sources

197

(1)

5.4.8. Citing Literary Works

198

(2)

5.4.9. Citing More Than One Work in a Single Parenthetical Reference

200

(2)

5.5. Using Notes with Parenthetical Documentation

202

(6)

5.5.1. Content Notes

203

(1)

5.5.2. Bibliographic Notes

204

(4)

CHAPTER 6: Abbreviations

208

(22)

6.1. Introduction

208

(1)

6.2. Time Designations

209

(1)

6.3. Geographic Names

210

(3)

6.4. Common Scholarly Abbreviations

213

(5)

6.5. Publishers' Names

218

(3)

6.6. Symbols and Abbreviations Used in Proofreading and Correction

221

(1)

6.6.1. Selected Proofreading Symbols

221

(1)

6.6.2. Common Correction Symbols and Abbreviations

221

(1)

6.7. Titles of Literary and Religious Works

222

(8)

6.7.1. Bible

222

(3)

6.7.2. Shakespeare

225

(1)

6.7.3. Chaucer

226

(1)

6.7.4. Other Literary Works

227

(3)

Appendix A: Selected Reference Works by Field

230

(12)

A.1. Anthropology

230

(1)

A.2. Art

230

(1)

A.3. Biology

230

(1)

A.4. Business

231

(1)

A.5. Chemistry

231

(1)

A.6. Computer Science

232

(1)

A.7. Education

232

(1)

A.8. Environmental Sciences

233

(1)

A.9. Geography

233

(1)

A.10. Geology

234

(1)

A.11. History

234

(1)

A.12. Language and Literature

234

(1)

A.13. Law

235

(1)

A.14. Mathematics

236

(1)

A.15. Medicine

236

(1)

A.16. Music

236

(1)

A.17. Philosophy

237

(1)

A.18. Physics

237

(1)

A.19. Psychology

237

(1)

A.20. Religion

238

(1)

A.21. Science and Technology

238

(1)

A.22. Sociology

238

(4)

Appendix B: Other Systems of Documentation

242

(21)

B.1. Endnotes and Footnotes

242

(14)

B.1.1. Documentation Notes versus the List of Works Cited and Parenthetical References

242

(1)

B.1.2. Note Numbers

242

(1)

B.1.3. Note Form versus Bibliographic Form

243

(1)

B.1.4. Endnotes versus Footnotes

243

(1)

B.1.5. Sample First Note References: Books

244

(3)

B.1.6. Sample First Note References: Articles in Periodicals

247

(3)

B.1.7. Sample First Note References: CD-ROMs and Other Portable Databases

250

(1)

B.1.8. Sample First Note References: Online Databases

251

(1)

B.1.9. Sample First Note References: Other Sources

252

(4)

B.1.10. Subsequent References

256

(1)

B.2. Author-Date System

256

(3)

B.3. Number System

259

(1)

B.4. Specialized Style Manuals

260

(3)

Sample Pages of a Research Paper in MLA Style

263

(4)

Index

267

Mla Handbook for Writers of Research Papers

9780873525657

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