Mla Handbook for Writers of Research Papers

by Gibaldi, Joseph

• ISBN13: 9780873525657
• ISBN10: 0873525655
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1995-05-01
• Publisher: Modern Language Assn of Amer

Summary

Since it was first published in 1977, the "MLA Handbook" has sold nearly four million copies worldwide. Now completely revised and updated, the guide contains detailed information on using computers for research and writing and on citing electronic publications. Features include two-color printing, lie-flat binding, and a complete subject index.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xiii
Phyllis Franklin
CHAPTER 1: Research and Writing	2	(41)
1.1. The Research Paper as a Form of Exploration	2	(2)
1.2. The Research Paper as a Form of Writing	4	(1)
1.3. Selecting a Topic	4	(1)
1.4. Using the Library and Other Information Sources	5	(15)
1.4.1. Introduction to the Library	5	(1)
1.4.2. The Central Catalog or Central Information System	6	(4)
1.4.3. Reference Works	10	(7)
1.4.4. Location of Library Materials	17	(1)
1.4.5. Other Library Resources and Services	18	(2)
1.5. Compiling a Working Bibliography	20	(4)
1.6. Taking Notes	24	(2)
1.7. Plagiarism	26	(3)
1.8. Outlining	29	(6)
1.8.1. Working Outline	29	(1)
1.8.2. Thesis Statement	30	(1)
1.8.3. Final Outline	31	(4)
1.9. Writing Drafts	35	(2)
1.10. Language and Style	37	(1)
1.11. Guides to Writing	38	(5)
CHAPTER 2: The Mechanics of Writing	43	(51)
2.1. Spelling	43	(1)
2.1.1. Consistency	43	(1)
2.1.2. Word Division	43	(1)
2.1.3. Foreign Words	43	(1)
2.2. Punctuation	44	(14)
2.2.1. The Purpose of Punctuation	44	(1)
2.2.2. Commas	44	(5)
2.2.3. Semicolons	49	(1)
2.2.4. Colons	50	(1)
2.2.5. Dashes and Parentheses	51	(1)
2.2.6. Hyphens	52	(2)
2.2.7. Apostrophes	54	(2)
2.2.8. Quotation Marks	56	(1)
2.2.9. Square Brackets	56	(1)
2.2.10. Slashes	57	(1)
2.2.11. Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points	57	(1)
2.3. Italics (Underlining)	58	(1)
2.3.1. Words and Letters Referred to as Words and Letters	58	(1)
2.3.2. Foreign Words in an English Text	58	(1)
2.3.3. Emphasis	59	(1)
2.4. Names of Persons	59	(2)
2.4.1. First and Subsequent Uses of Names	59	(1)
2.4.2. Titles of Persons	60	(1)
2.4.3. Names of Authors and Fictional Characters	60	(1)
2.5. Numbers	61	(4)
2.5.1. Arabic Numerals	61	(1)
2.5.2. Use of Words or Numerals	61	(1)
2.5.3. Commas in Numbers	62	(1)
2.5.4. Percentages and Amounts of Money	63	(1)
2.5.5. Dates	63	(1)
2.5.6. Inclusive Numbers	64	(1)
2.5.7. Roman Numerals	65	(1)
2.6. Titles of Works in the Research Paper	65	(7)
2.6.1. Capitalization and Punctuation	65	(2)
2.6.2. Underlined Titles	67	(1)
2.6.3. Titles in Quotation Marks	68	(1)
2.6.4. Titles and Quotations within Titles	68	(2)
2.6.5. Exceptions	70	(1)
2.6.6. Shortened Titles	71	(1)
2.7. Quotations	72	(11)
2.7.1. Use of Quotations	72	(1)
2.7.2. Prose	72	(2)
2.7.3. Poetry	74	(1)
2.7.4. Drama	75	(1)
2.7.5. Ellipsis	76	(4)
2.7.6. Other Alterations of Sources	80	(1)
2.7.7. Punctuation with Quotations	81	(2)
2.8. Capitalization and Personal Names in Languages Other Than English	83	(11)
2.8.1. French	83	(2)
2.8.2. German	85	(1)
2.8.3. Italian	86	(2)
2.8.4. Spanish	88	(1)
2.8.5. Latin	89	(5)
CHAPTER 3: The Format of the Research Paper	94	(10)
3.1. Printing or Typing	94	(1)
3.2. Paper	94	(1)
3.3. Margins	94	(1)
3.4. Spacing	95	(1)
3.5. Heading and Title	95	(1)
3.6. Page Numbers	96	(1)
3.7. Tables and Illustrations	96	(3)
3.8. Corrections and Insertions	99	(1)
3.9. Binding	99	(5)
CHAPTER 4: Documentation: Preparing the List of Works Cited	104	(80)
4.1. Documenting Sources	104	(1)
4.2. MLA Style	104	(2)
4.3. The List of Works Cited and Other Source Lists	106	(1)
4.4. Placement of the List of Works Cited	107	(1)
4.5. Arrangement of Entries	108	(1)
4.6. Citing Books	109	(29)
4.6.1. The Basic Entry: A Book by a Single Author	109	(4)
4.6.2. An Anthology or a Compilation	113	(1)
4.6.3. Two or More Books by the Same Author	113	(1)
4.6.4. A Book by Two or More Authors	114	(2)
4.6.5. Two or More Books by the Same Authors	116	(1)
4.6.6. A Book by a Corporate Author	117	(1)
4.6.7. A Work in an Anthology	117	(3)
4.6.8. An Article in a Reference Book	120	(1)
4.6.9. An Introduction, a Preface, a Foreword, or an Afterword	121	(1)
4.6.10. Cross-References	122	(1)
4.6.11. An Anonymous Book	123	(1)
4.6.12. An Edition	123	(1)
4.6.13. A Translation	124	(1)
4.6.14. A Book Published in a Second or Subsequent Edition	125	(1)
4.6.15. A Multivolume Work	126	(3)
4.6.16. A Book in a Series	129	(1)
4.6.17. A Republished Book	130	(1)
4.6.18. A Publisher's Imprint	131	(1)
4.6.19. A Book with Multiple Publishers	131	(1)
4.6.20. A Pamphlet	131	(1)
4.6.21. A Government Publication	132	(2)
4.6.22. The Published Proceedings of a Conference	134	(1)
4.6.23. A Book in a Language Other Than English	135	(1)
4.6.24. A Book Published before 1900	135	(1)
4.6.25. A Book without Stated Publication Information or Pagination	136	(1)
4.6.26. An Unpublished Dissertation	137	(1)
4.6.27. A Published Dissertation	137	(1)
4.7. Citing Articles in Periodicals	138	(13)
4.7.1. The Basic Entry: An Article in a Scholarly Journal with Continuous Pagination	138	(3)
4.7.2. An Article in a Scholarly Journal That Pages Each Issue Separately	141	(1)
4.7.3. An Article in a Scholarly Journal That Uses Only Issue Numbers	142	(1)
4.7.4. An Article in a Scholarly Journal with More Than One Series	142	(1)
4.7.5. An Article in a Newspaper	142	(2)
4.7.6. An Article in a Magazine	144	(1)
4.7.7. An Anonymous Article	145	(1)
4.7.8. An Editorial	146	(1)
4.7.9. A Letter to the Editor	146	(1)
4.7.10. A Review	146	(2)
4.7.11. A Serialized Article	148	(1)
4.7.12. An Abstract in an Abstracts Journal	148	(2)
4.7.13. An Article in a Microform Collection of Articles	150	(1)
4.7.14. An Article Reprinted in a Loose-Leaf Collection of Articles	150	(1)
4.8. Citing CD-ROMs and Other Portable Databases	151	(9)
4.8.1. Introduction	151	(2)
4.8.2. Material Accessed from a Periodically Published Database on CD-ROM	153	(2)
4.8.3. A Nonperiodical Publication on CD-ROM	155	(2)
4.8.4. A Publication on Diskette	157	(1)
4.8.5. A Publication on Magnetic Tape	158	(1)
4.8.6. A Work in More Than One Publication Medium	159	(1)
4.9. Citing Online Databases	160	(8)
4.9.1. Introduction	160	(1)
4.9.2. Material Accessed through a Computer Service	161	(2)
4.9.3. Material Accessed through a Computer Network	163	(5)
4.10. Citing Other Sources	168	(16)
4.10.1. A Television or Radio Program	168	(1)
4.10.2. A Sound Recording	169	(3)
4.10.3. A Film or Video Recording	172	(1)
4.10.4. A Performance	173	(2)
4.10.5. A Musical Composition	175	(1)
4.10.6. A Work of Art	175	(1)
4.10.7. A Letter, a Memo, an E-Mail Communication, or a Public Online Posting	176	(2)
4.10.8. An Interview	178	(1)
4.10.9. A Map or Chart	179	(1)
4.10.10. A Cartoon	179	(1)
4.10.11. An Advertisement	179	(1)
4.10.12. A Lecture, a Speech, or an Address	180	(1)
4.10.13. A Manuscript or Typescript	180	(1)
4.10.14. A Legal Source	181	(3)
CHAPTER 5: Documentation: Citing Sources in the Text	184	(24)
5.1. Parenthetical Documentation and the List of Works Cited	184	(1)
5.2. Information Required in Parenthetical Documentation	184	(1)
5.3. Readability	185	(3)
5.4. Sample References	188	(14)
5.4.1. Citing an Entire Work	188	(2)
5.4.2. Citing Part of an Article or of a Book	190	(2)
5.4.3. Citing Volume and Page Numbers of a Multivolume Work	192	(1)
5.4.4. Citing a Work Listed by Title	193	(2)
5.4.5. Citing a Work by a Corporate Author	195	(1)
5.4.6. Citing Two or More Works by the Same Author or Authors	196	(1)
5.4.7. Citing Indirect Sources	197	(1)
5.4.8. Citing Literary Works	198	(2)
5.4.9. Citing More Than One Work in a Single Parenthetical Reference	200	(2)
5.5. Using Notes with Parenthetical Documentation	202	(6)
5.5.1. Content Notes	203	(1)
5.5.2. Bibliographic Notes	204	(4)
CHAPTER 6: Abbreviations	208	(22)
6.1. Introduction	208	(1)
6.2. Time Designations	209	(1)
6.3. Geographic Names	210	(3)
6.4. Common Scholarly Abbreviations	213	(5)
6.5. Publishers' Names	218	(3)
6.6. Symbols and Abbreviations Used in Proofreading and Correction	221	(1)
6.6.1. Selected Proofreading Symbols	221	(1)
6.6.2. Common Correction Symbols and Abbreviations	221	(1)
6.7. Titles of Literary and Religious Works	222	(8)
6.7.1. Bible	222	(3)
6.7.2. Shakespeare	225	(1)
6.7.3. Chaucer	226	(1)
6.7.4. Other Literary Works	227	(3)
Appendix A: Selected Reference Works by Field	230	(12)
A.1. Anthropology	230	(1)
A.2. Art	230	(1)
A.3. Biology	230	(1)
A.4. Business	231	(1)
A.5. Chemistry	231	(1)
A.6. Computer Science	232	(1)
A.7. Education	232	(1)
A.8. Environmental Sciences	233	(1)
A.9. Geography	233	(1)
A.10. Geology	234	(1)
A.11. History	234	(1)
A.12. Language and Literature	234	(1)
A.13. Law	235	(1)
A.14. Mathematics	236	(1)
A.15. Medicine	236	(1)
A.16. Music	236	(1)
A.17. Philosophy	237	(1)
A.18. Physics	237	(1)
A.19. Psychology	237	(1)
A.20. Religion	238	(1)
A.21. Science and Technology	238	(1)
A.22. Sociology	238	(4)
Appendix B: Other Systems of Documentation	242	(21)
B.1. Endnotes and Footnotes	242	(14)
B.1.1. Documentation Notes versus the List of Works Cited and Parenthetical References	242	(1)
B.1.2. Note Numbers	242	(1)
B.1.3. Note Form versus Bibliographic Form	243	(1)
B.1.4. Endnotes versus Footnotes	243	(1)
B.1.5. Sample First Note References: Books	244	(3)
B.1.6. Sample First Note References: Articles in Periodicals	247	(3)
B.1.7. Sample First Note References: CD-ROMs and Other Portable Databases	250	(1)
B.1.8. Sample First Note References: Online Databases	251	(1)
B.1.9. Sample First Note References: Other Sources	252	(4)
B.1.10. Subsequent References	256	(1)
B.2. Author-Date System	256	(3)
B.3. Number System	259	(1)
B.4. Specialized Style Manuals	260	(3)
Sample Pages of a Research Paper in MLA Style	263	(4)
Index	267