Morality in Practice (with InfoTrac)

by Sterba, James P.

• ISBN13: 9780534521110
• ISBN10: 0534521118
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-08-17
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

This is a leading topically-organized reader covering a number of critical contemporary issues. It provides very broad coverage of topics and opinions, drawing on current journalism as well as philosophy. Each chapter covers a different area of moral concern and contains readings covering alternative views as well as practical applications. Introductions to each section provide background for each issue as well as discussion of the ethical theory behind the readings.

Author Biography

James P. Sterba is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
General Introduction	1	(16)
Section I The Distribution of Income and Wealth	17	(54)
Introduction	17	(6)
The Libertarian Manifesto	23	(9)
John Hospers
Radical Egalitarianism	32	(10)
Kai Nielson
A Social Contract Perspective	42	(12)
John Rawls
From Liberty to Equality	54	(7)
James P. Sterba
Supreme Court of the United States / Wyman, Commissioner of New York Department of Social Services v. James	61	(3)
Supreme Court of the United States / Plyler v. Doe	64	(7)
Section II Near and Distant Peoples	71	(40)
Introduction	74	(3)
Lifeboat Ethics: The Case against Helping the Poor	77	(7)
Garrett Hardin
The Solution to World Poverty	84	(4)
Peter Singer
Impartiality, Beneficence, and Friendship	88	(5)
Lawrence Blum
Morality, Parents, and Children	93	(8)
James Rachels
The Food-Aid Racket	101	(3)
Michael Maren
Some Moral Dilemmas of Humanitarian Aid	104	(7)
Mary B. Anderson
Section III Abortion and Euthanasia	111	(60)
Introduction	111	(6)
A Defense of Abortion	117	(8)
Judith Jarvis Thomson
Why Abortion is Immoral	125	(4)
Don Marquis
On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion	129	(10)
Mary Anne Warren
A Feminist Defense of Abortion	139	(6)
Sally Markowitz
Euthanasia, Killing, and Letting Die	145	(10)
James Rachels
The Intentional Termination of Life	155	(5)
Bonnie Steinbock
Supreme Court of the United States / Planned Parenthood v. Casey	160	(6)
Supreme Court of the United States / Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health	166	(5)
Section IV Sex Equality	171	(60)
Introduction	171	(4)
Justice and Gender	175	(11)
Susan Okin
Feminist Justice and the Family	186	(6)
James P. Sterba
Philosophers against the Family	192	(6)
Christina Hoff Sommers
They Lived Happily Ever After: Sommers on Women and Marriage	198	(7)
Marilyn Friedman
Is Male Power Really a Myth?	205	(9)
Warren Farrell
Why So Slow?	214	(12)
Virginia Valian
National Organization for Women (NOW) / Bill of Rights	226	(1)
The Beijing Declaration and Platform of Action	227	(4)
Section V Affirmative Action	231	(46)
Introduction	231	(2)
The Case against Affirmative Action	233	(13)
Louis Pojman
The Case against Pojman	246	(5)
Albert Mosley
Affirmative Racism	251	(7)
Charles Murray
The Case for Affirmative Action	258	(4)
James P. Sterba
U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	262	(6)
Hopwood v. Texas
The Case against Hopwood	268	(9)
Reva B. Siegel
Section VI Sexual Harassment	277	(40)
Introduction	277	(3)
Understanding Sexual Harassment at Work	280	(9)
Barbara A. Gutek
Exaggerating the Extent of Sexual Harassment	289	(4)
Ellen Frankel Paul
Sexual Harassment in the University	293	(9)
Nancy (``ANN'') Davis
Understanding, Explaining, and Eliminating Sexual Harassment	302	(12)
James P. Sterba
Supreme Court of the United States / Harris v. Forklift Systems Inc.	314	(3)
Section VII Pornography	317	(34)
Introduction	317	(3)
Pornography, Civil Rights, and Speech	320	(11)
Catharine MacKinnon
Feminists against the First Amendment	331	(6)
Wendy Kaminer
United States District Court and Court of Appeals / American Booksellers v. Hudnutt	337	(7)
Supreme Court of Canada / Donald Victor Butler v. Her Majesty the Queen	344	(7)
Section VIII Hate Speech	351	(44)
Introduction	351	(3)
No Speech Code	354	(3)
Gerald Gunther
Speech Codes and Diversity	357	(1)
Alan Dershowitz
Regulating Racial Speech on Campus	358	(18)
Charles Lawrence III
The Chilly Climate on College Campuses: An Expansion of the ``Hate Speech'' Debate	376	(8)
Katharine Bartlett
Jean O'Barr
Superior Court of California / Curry v. Stanford	384	(7)
ACLU / Policy Statement: Free Speech and Bias on College Campuses	391	(4)
Section IX Gay and Lesbian Rights	395	(30)
Introduction	395	(3)
Homosexual Conduct is Wrong	398	(2)
John Finnis
Homosexual Conduct is Not Wrong	400	(2)
Martha Nussbaum
Prejudice and Homosexuality	402	(7)
Richard D. Mohr
Homosexuality's Legal Revolution	409	(9)
Carl F. Horowitz
Supreme Court of Vermont / Baker v. Vermont	418	(7)
Section X Gun Control	425	(44)
Introduction	425	(2)
Protection or Peril? An Analysis of Firearm-Related Deaths in the Home	427	(3)
Arthur L. Kellerman
Donald T. Reay
Armed Resistance to Crime	430	(5)
Gary Kleck
Marc Gertz
Guns in America	435	(4)
Philip J. Cook
Jens Ludwig
Crime is Not the Problem	439	(11)
Franklin E. Zimring
Gordon Hawkins
American Homicide Exceptionalism	450	(13)
Daniel D. Polsby
Don B. Kates, Jr.
Congress of the United States / The Brady Bill	463	(6)
Section XI Animal Liberation and Environmental Justice	469	(56)
Introduction	469	(5)
All Animals Are Equal	474	(10)
Peter Singer
Ethical Vegetarianism is Unfair to Women and Children	484	(8)
Kathryn Paxton George
The Ethics of Respect for Nature	492	(12)
Paul W. Taylor
Environmental Justice	504	(6)
James P. Sterba
The Power and the Promise of Ecological Feminism	510	(8)
Karen J. Warren
Congress of the United States / From the Animal Welfare Act	518	(1)
Congress of the United States / Amendments to the Animal Welfare Act	519	(1)
Supreme Court of the United States / Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill	520	(5)
Section XII Punishment and Responsibility	525	(42)
Introduction	525	(5)
The Crime of Punishment	530	(7)
Karl Menninger
A Utilitarian Theory of Punishment	537	(5)
Richard B. Brandt
A Critique of the Humanitarian Theory of Punishment	542	(4)
C.S. Lewis
Classical Retributivism	546	(8)
Edmund L. Pincoffs
Deterrence and Uncertainty	554	(2)
Ernest Van Den Haag
Civilization, Safety, and Deterrence	556	(3)
Jeffrey H. Reiman
Supreme Court of the United States / Gregg v. Georgia	559	(8)
Section XIII War and Humanitarian Intervention	567	(23)
Introduction	567	(5)
Reconciling Pacifists and Just War Theorists	572	(7)
James P. Sterba
The Politics of Rescue	579	(6)
Michael Walzer
The Futility of U.S. Intervention in Regional Conflicts	585	(5)
Barbara Conry
Peacekeeping, Intervention, and National Sovereignty in Internal Armed Conflict	590
Kofi A. Annan