Neurologic Intervention for Physical Therapist Assistants

by Martin, Suzanne; Kessler, Mary

• ISBN13: 9780721604275
• ISBN10: 0721604277
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-08-02
• Publisher: W B Saunders Co

Summary

Ideal for anyone pursuing a career in physical therapy, this book provides a foundation for understanding the professional's role and mastering everything you'll need to know about treatment planning, the latest equipment, and more.

Table of Contents

Foundations
The Role of the Physical Therapist and PT Assistant in Neurologic Rehabilitation	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
The Role of the Physical Therapist in Patient Management	p. 4
The Role of the Physical Therapist Assistant in Treating Patients with Neurologic Deficits	p. 5
The Physical Therapist Assistant as a Member of the Health Care Team	p. 6
Chapter Summary	p. 6
Review Questions	p. 7
Neuroanatomy	p. 8
Introduction	p. 8
Major Components of the Nervous System	p. 8
Reaction to Injury	p. 25
Chapter Summary	p. 27
Review Questions	p. 27
Motor Control and Motor Learning	p. 28
Introduction	p. 28
Motor Control	p. 28
Relationship of Motor Control with Motor Development	p. 39
Motor Learning	p. 39
Relationship of Motor Learning with Motor Development	p. 42
Chapter Summary	p. 45
Review Questions	p. 45
Motor Development	p. 47
Introduction	p. 47
Developmental Time Periods	p. 48
Influence of Cognition and Motivation	p. 49
Developmental Concepts	p. 51
Developmental Processes	p. 54
Gross- and Fine-Motor Milestones	p. 54
Typical Motor Development	p. 59
Posture, Balance, and Gait Changes with Aging	p. 77
Chapter Summary	p. 79
Review Questions	p. 80
Children
Positioning and Handling to Foster Motor Function	p. 85
Introduction	p. 85
Children with Neurologic Deficits	p. 85
General Physical Therapy Goals	p. 85
Function Related to Posture	p. 86
Physical Therapy Intervention	p. 87
Positioning and Handling Interventions	p. 88
Preparation for Movement	p. 99
Interventions to Foster Head and Trunk Control	p. 101
Adaptive Equipment for Positioning and Mobility	p. 113
Functional Movement in the Context of the Child's World	p. 119
Chapter Summary	p. 120
Review Questions	p. 121
Case Studies: Reviewing Positioning and Handling Care: Josh, Angie, and Kelly	p. 122
Cerebral Palsy	p. 124
Introduction	p. 124
Incidence	p. 124
Etiology	p. 124
Classification	p. 126
Diagnosis	p. 129
Pathophysiology	p. 129
Associated Deficits	p. 129
Physical Therapy Examination	p. 132
Physical Therapy Intervention	p. 135
Chapter Summary	p. 150
Review Questions	p. 150
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Jennifer	p. 151
Questions to Think About	p. 152
Myelomeningocele	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Incidence	p. 155
Etiology	p. 155
Prenatal Diagnosis	p. 157
Clinical Features	p. 157
Physical Therapy Intervention	p. 162
Chapter Summary	p. 180
Review Questions	p. 180
Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Paul	p. 181
Questions to Think About	p. 182
Genetic Disorders	p. 184
Introduction	p. 184
Genetic Transmission	p. 184
Categories	p. 184
Down Syndrome	p. 185
Cri-du-Chat Syndrome	p. 188
Prader-Willi Syndrome	p. 188
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita	p. 190
Osteogenesis Imperfecta	p. 193
Cystic Fibrosis	p. 197
Spinal Muscular Atrophy	p. 202
Phenylketonuria	p. 205
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy	p. 205
Becker Muscular Dystrophy	p. 210
Fragile X Syndrome	p. 210
Rett Syndrome	p. 212
Genetic Disorders and Mental Retardation	p. 213
Chapter Summary	p. 221
Review Questions	p. 221
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Ann	p. 222
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: John	p. 224
Questions to Think About	p. 226
Adults
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation	p. 231
Introduction	p. 231
History of PNF	p. 231
Basic Principles of PNF	p. 231
Biomechanical Considerations	p. 234
Patterns	p. 234
PNF Techniques	p. 253
Developmental Sequence	p. 261
PNF and Motor Learning	p. 280
Chapter Summary	p. 280
Review Questions	p. 281
Cerebrovascular Accidents	p. 282
Introduction	p. 282
Etiology	p. 282
Medical Intervention	p. 283
Recovery from Stroke	p. 283
Prevention of Cerebrovascular Accidents	p. 284
Stroke Syndromes	p. 284
Clinical Findings: Patient Impairments	p. 286
Treatment Planning	p. 291
Complications Seen Following Stroke	p. 291
Acute Care Setting	p. 292
Directing Interventions to a Physical Therapist Assistant	p. 292
Early Physical Therapy Intervention	p. 293
Midrecovery to Late Recovery	p. 336
Chapter Summary	p. 344
Review Questions	p. 344
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Ben	p. 345
Questions to Think About	p. 348
Traumatic Brain Injuries	p. 350
Introduction	p. 350
Classifications of Brain Injuries	p. 350
Secondary Problems	p. 352
Patient Examination and Evaluation	p. 353
Patient Problem Areas	p. 354
Physical Therapy Intervention: Acute Care	p. 355
Physical Therapy Interventions During Inpatient Rehabilitation	p. 361
Integrating Physical and Cognitive Components of a Task into Treatment Interventions	p. 367
Discharge Planning	p. 372
Chapter Summary	p. 373
Review Questions	p. 373
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Rick	p. 374
Questions to Think About	p. 376
Spinal Cord Injuries	p. 378
Introduction	p. 378
Etiology	p. 378
Naming the Level of Injury	p. 378
Mechanisms of Injury	p. 380
Medical Intervention	p. 380
Pathologic Changes That Occur Following Injury	p. 382
Types of Lesions	p. 382
Clinical Manifestations of Spinal Cord Injuries	p. 385
Resolution of Spinal Shock	p. 385
Complications	p. 385
Functional Outcomes	p. 389
Physical Therapy Intervention: Acute Care	p. 392
Physical Therapy Interventions During Inpatient Rehabilitation	p. 397
Body Weight Support Treadmill Ambulation	p. 433
Discharge Planning	p. 435
Chapter Summary	p. 437
Review Questions	p. 437
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Bill	p. 439
Questions to Think About	p. 441
Other Neurologic Disorders	p. 443
Introduction	p. 443
Parkinson Disease	p. 443
Multiple Sclerosis	p. 451
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	p. 460
Postpolio Syndrome	p. 464
Chapter Summary	p. 468
Review Questions	p. 469
Case Studies: Rehabilitation Unit Initial Examination and Evaluation: Joshua	p. 469
Questions to Think About	p. 471
Answers to the Review Questions	p. 475
Index	p. 481
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