Outdoor Education

by Gilbertson, Ken

• ISBN13: 9780736047098
• ISBN10: 0736047093
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-08-11
• Publisher: Human Kinetics

Summary

Outdoor Education: Methods and Strategieswill show students how to-use physical, cognitive, and affective methods to teach lessons in different settings to different audiences;-link educational theories to teaching methods and choose the best method for each setting; and-implement strategies with easy-to-use forms and lesson plans.Outdoor Education: Methods and Strategiesprovides all the necessary information and tools for teaching outdoor education. It applies educational theories to outdoor teaching methods and helps educators choose the instructional strategy that will work best for their audience, whether they're in a school, nature center, adventure center, camp, environmental learning center, government agency, or university. This text includes the following features:-Easy-to-use forms for designing, implementing, and evaluating outdoor lesson plans-Six highly detailed sample lesson plans, representing a variety of settings for different age groups and abilities and using physical, cognitive, and affective methods-Teaching tips, real-life case studies, and interactive exercises to apply concepts in each chapterOutdoor Education: Methods and Strategiescontains practical lesson plans and examples that go beyond the normal scope of a text. It includes key concepts, objectives, and summaries for each chapter, and it presents an extensive set of educational methods and applications to foster optimal learning.Part Idefines what outdoor education is and details the professional expectations of an outdoor educator. It also explores educational theories that support outdoor education, including developmental stages, learning stages, and constructivism.Part IIcovers teacher preparation, including understanding the backgrounds and abilities of participants, creating a successful learning environment, teaching effectively in a variety of outdoor settings, and designing lesson plans.In part III, the authors explore methods and delivery of outdoor education. They examine the uses of physical, cognitive, and affective methods for teaching, and they provide six ready-to-use sample lessons. They also help readers reflect on, evaluate, and improve their lesson plans through experimentation.Outdoor Education: Methods and Strategieswill benefit all educators, new or veteran, in enhancing their audience's awareness, appreciation, and knowledge of the outdoors. Ultimately, it will advance educators'abilities to increase people's enjoyment and understanding of the environment.

Author Biography

Alan Ewert is a distinguished and titled professor at Indiana University. Tim Bates is the associate director of the Recreational Sports Outdoor Program, an adjunct faculty member, the coordinator of environmental education, and assistant director of the Center for Environmental Education at the University of Minnesota Duluth. Ken Gilbertson is an associate professor of outdoor education in the department of health, physical education, and recreation, at the University of Minnesota Duluth (UMD), where he is also director of the Center for Environmental Education.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Acknowledgments	ix
Part I Foundations of Outdoor Education
Defining Outdoor Education	3	(12)
Why the Outdoors?	4	(1)
Model of Outdoor Education	5	(1)
Environmental Education	6	(2)
Interpretation	8	(1)
Adventure Education	8	(1)
Experiential Education	9	(1)
Education Structure	10	(1)
Development of Outdoor Education	11	(1)
Rationale for Teaching Outdoors	12	(2)
Summary	14	(1)
Describing the Outdoor Educator	15	(12)
Professionalism	16	(5)
Professional Responsibilities	21	(4)
Summary	25	(2)
Theories and Foundations in Outdoor Education	27	(16)
Theories in Outdoor Education	28	(8)
Learning Theories	36	(3)
Summary	39	(4)
Part II Preparation for Teaching Outdoors
Understanding Participants	43	(16)
Audience Assessment	44	(1)
Stereotyping	45	(1)
Gender	45	(1)
Age and Cognitive Development	46	(2)
Medical Conditions	48	(2)
Experience	50	(1)
Group Familiarity	50	(1)
Abilities	51	(4)
Culture and Ethnicity	55	(2)
Strategies for Teaching Diverse Audiences	57	(1)
Summary	57	(2)
Creating the Learning Environment	59	(16)
Foundations of the Learning Environment	60	(1)
Components of Successful Learning Environments	61	(13)
Summary	74	(1)
Outdoor Education Settings	75	(10)
Site Selection	76	(1)
Learning Barriers	77	(2)
Equipment	79	(1)
Logistics	79	(1)
Record Keeping	80	(1)
Special Settings: Lessons in the Night	80	(3)
Summary	83	(2)
Designing Lessons	85	(22)
Advantages of Lesson Plans	86	(1)
Format	86	(1)
Structure	87	(9)
Assessment	96	(6)
Summary	102	(5)
Part III Methods and Delivery of Outdoor Education
Physical Methods	107	(10)
Physical Skills Development	108	(2)
Physical Manipulation	110	(1)
Activities, Games, and Competitions	110	(1)
Theatrics	111	(2)
Initiatives and Ropes Courses	113	(2)
Summary	115	(2)
Cognitive Methods	117	(10)
Lecture and Discussion	118	(1)
Inquiry	119	(1)
Videography	120	(2)
Service Learning	122	(3)
Written Materials	125	(1)
Peer Teaching	125	(1)
Summary	126	(1)
Affective Methods	127	(10)
Guided Discovery	129	(1)
Visual Imagery	129	(1)
Storytelling	130	(2)
Scenarios and Case Studies	132	(2)
Summary	134	(3)
Sample Lessons	137	(38)
Night Hike	139	(11)
Map and Compass	150	(4)
Maple Sugar Bush	154	(4)
Weather	158	(7)
Fishing Ethics	165	(6)
Concepts for Sea Kayakers	171	(4)
Your Future in Outdoor Education	175	(12)
Working With Mainstream Education	176	(1)
State Standards and High-Stakes Testing	177	(2)
Professional Certification	179	(1)
Education or Advocacy?	180	(1)
Strategic Planning for Professional Growth	181	(4)
Moving Forward in Outdoor Education	185	(2)
Appendix A Professional Organizations in the United States	187	(2)
Appendix B Sample Forms	189	(8)
Glossary	197	(4)
Bibliography	201	(6)
Index	207	(6)
About the Authors	213