Pain Assessment and Pharmacologic Management

by Pasero, Chris; McCaffery, Margo

• ISBN13: 9780323056960
• ISBN10: 0323056962
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-07-03
• Publisher: Mosby Inc

Summary

Pain Assessment and Pharmacologic Management, by highly renowned authors Chris Pasero and Margo McCaffery, is destined to become the definitive resource in pain management in adults. It provides numerous reproducible tables, boxes, and figures that can be used in clinical practice, and emphasizes the benefits of a multimodal analgesic approach throughout. In addition, Patient Medication Information forms for the most commonly used medications in each analgesic group can be copied and given to patients. This title is an excellent resource for nurses to become certified in pain management. Presents best practices and evidence-based guidelines for assessing and managing pain most effectively with the latest medications and drug regimens. Features detailed, step-by-step guidance on effective pain assessment to help nurses appropriately evaluate pain for each patient during routine assessments. Provides reproducible tables, boxes, and figures that can be used in clinical practice. Contains Patient Medication Information forms for the most commonly used medications in each analgesic group, to be copied and given to patients. Offers the authors' world-renowned expertise in five sections: Underlying Mechanisms of Pain and the Pathophysiology of Neuropathic Pain, including figures that clearly illustrate nociception and classification of pain by inferred pathology. Assessment, including tools to assess patients who can report their pain as well as those who are nonverbal, such as the cognitively impaired and critically ill patients. Several pain-rating scales are translated in over 20 languages. Nonnopioids, including indications for using acetaminophen or NSAIDs, and the prevention and treatment of adverse effects. Opioids, including guidelines for opioid drug selection and routes of administration, and the prevention and treatment of their adverse effects. Adjuvant analgesics, including types of adjuvant analgesics for a variety of types of pain, including persistent (chronic) pain, acute pain, and bone pain, and the prevention and treatment of their adverse effects. Includes helpful Appendices that provide website resources and suggestions for the use of opioid agreements and for incorporating pain documentation into the electronic medical record. Covers all patients from young adults to the frail elderly. Provides evidence-based, practical guidance on planning and implementing pain management in accordance with current TJC guidelines and best practices. Includes illustrations to clarify concepts and processes such as the mechanism of action for pain medications. Features a spiral binding to facilitate quick reference.

Table of Contents

Underlying Mechanisms of Pain

Assessment

Introduction

Underlying Complexities of Pain Assessment

Misconceptions That Hamper Assessment and Treatment of Patients Who Report Pain

Assessment Tools for Patients

Other Challenges in Pain Assessment

Conclusion

References

Nonopioid Analgesics

Introduction

Indications for Administration of Acetaminophen or NSAIDs

Adverse Effects of Acetaminophen and NSAIDs

Individualizing the Selection of Nonopioid Analgesics

Perioperative Nonopioid Use

Nonprescription Nonopioids

Acute Overdose

Conclusion

References

Opioid Analgesics

Introduction

Physiology and Pharmacology of Opioid Analgesics

Key Concepts in Analgesic Therapy

Guidelines for Opioid Drug Selection

Guidelines for Selection of Routes of Opioid Administration

Intraspinal Analgesia (Epidural and Intrathecal)

Initiating Opioid Therapy

IV Patient-Controlled Analgesia

Switching to another Opioid or Route of Administration

Management of Opioid-Induced Adverse Effects

Unwarranted Withholding of Opioids

Conclusion

References

Adjuvant Analgesics

Introduction

General Considerations in the Use of Adjuvant Analgesics

Multipurpose Adjuvant Analgesics

Adjuvant Analgesics for Persistent (Chronic) Neuropathic Pain

Topical Analgesics for Persistent (Chronic) Pain

Adjuvant Analgesics for Musculoskeletal Pain

Adjuvant Analgesics for Postoperative and Other Acute Pain

Adjuvant Agends for Goal-Directed Sedation in the Critically Ill and Procedural Sedation

Local Anesthetics for Procedural Pain

Adjuvant Analgesics for Persistent (Chronic) Bone Pain

Adjuvant Analgesics for Malignant Bowel Obstruction

Adjuvants Less Often Used

Conclusion

References

Pain Resources on the Internet

Opioid Agreements

Use of Electronic Medical Records in Pain Management

Terminology

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