Participant Observation

by Spradley

• ISBN13: 9780030445019
• ISBN10: 0030445019
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1980-01-02
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Table of Contents

PART ONE ETHNOGRAPHY AND CULTURE	1	(36)
Ethnography and Culture	3	(10)
Culture	5	(5)
Making Culture Inferences	10	(3)
Ethnography for What?	13	(13)
Understanding the Human Species	13	(3)
Ethnography in the Service of Humankind	16	(4)
Ethical Principles	20	(6)
The Ethnographic Research Cycle	26	(11)
Selecting an Ethnographic Project	28	(3)
Asking Ethnographic Questions	31	(2)
Collecting Ethnographic Data	33	(1)
Making an Ethnographic Record	33	(1)
Analyzing Ethnographic Data	33	(1)
Writing an Ethnography	34	(3)
PART TWO THE DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH SEQUENCE	37	(138)
Locating a Social Situation	39	(14)
Social Situations	39	(6)
Selection Criteria	45	(8)
Doing Participant Observation	53	(10)
Ordinary Participant versus Participant Observer	53	(5)
Types of Participation	58	(5)
Making an Ethnographic Record	63	(10)
The Ethnographic Record and Language Use	63	(6)
Kinds of Fieldnotes	69	(4)
Making Descriptive Observations	73	(12)
The Ethnographic inquiry Unit	73	(3)
Kinds of Descriptive Observations	76	(4)
Descriptive Question Matrix	80	(5)
Making a Domain Analysis	85	(15)
Ethnographic Analysis	85	(3)
Cultural Domains	88	(3)
Steps in Making a Domain Analysis	91	(9)
Making Focused Observations	100	(12)
Selecting an Ethnographic Focus	101	(6)
Focused Observations	107	(5)
Making a Taxonomic Analysis	112	(10)
Taxonomy	112	(4)
Taxonomic Analysis	116	(6)
Making Selected Observations	122	(8)
Interviews and Participant Observation	123	(2)
Contrast Questions	125	(3)
Selective Observations	128	(2)
Making a Componential Analysis	130	(10)
Componential Analysis	131	(2)
Steps in Making a Componential Analysis	133	(7)
Discovering Cultural Themes	140	(15)
Cultural Themes	140	(4)
Strategies for Making a Theme Analysis	144	(11)
Taking a Cultural Inventory	155	(5)
Make a List of Cultural Domains	156	(1)
Make a List of Analyzed Domains	156	(1)
Collect Sketch Maps	157	(1)
Make a List of Themes	157	(1)
Inventory Examples	157	(1)
Identify Organizing Domains	158	(1)
Make an Index or Table of Contents	158	(1)
Inventory Miscellaneous Data	158	(1)
Additional Research Possibilities	159	(1)
Step Twelve Writing an Ethnography	160	(15)
The Translation Process	161	(7)
Steps in Writing an Ethnography	168	(7)
Appendix A The Developmental Research Sequence Method	175	(5)
Appendix B Developmental Research Sequence Writing Tasks	180	(3)
Bibliography	183	(6)
Index	189