Personality Theories: Development, Growth, and Diversity

by Allen; Bem P.

• ISBN13: 9780205439126
• ISBN10: 0205439128
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-05-13
• Publisher: Psychology Pres

Summary

This comprehensive text, organized by individual theorists, examines the major movements in the field of personality through a historic and humanistic approach. Personality Theories provides a comprehensive introduction to key personality theorists by combining their biographical information with their contributions to the field and their ranking among the worldrs"s most respected psychologists. In addition, Allen provides a tabular format, a running comparison between the major theorists, which allows students to analyze new theories with respect to theories learned in previous chapters. The unique style of Allenrs"s book is strengthened through his conversational tone, allowing students to easily become familiar with the key people and movements in the field of personality. Features Offers an abundance of case studies and examples of real human functioning to help deepen students' understanding of the concepts. Highlights diversity issues as part of Allen's humanistic approach to psychology. Includes the latest information on subtle forms of racism; happiness and positive psychology; extraversion; Freudrs"s meetings with other psychologists; Jungrs"s dabbling in parapsychology; the worldwide practical impact of Bandurars"s ideas; rejection sensitivity; impulse control; the relationship between IQ, genes, and race; the neurophysiology of personality (in plain language); and many other thought-provoking topics. Explores controversial topics, including evolutionary theory applied to jealousy, whether races exist, and the ";repressed memories"; controversy. Reviews and analyzes one of the most famous therapy sessions in psychologyrs"s history-Rogersrs"s interaction with Gloria. Contains chapter opening questions that frame the material and are later reinforced through summary points as well as essay/critical thinking questions at the end of each chapter. New To This Edition Includes a new chapter that synthesizes the entire book by comparing theorists on several philosophical, empirical, and methodological aspects, as well as a summary table that compares all the theorists at a glance. Provides each theoristrs"s current ranking among todayrs"s most prominent psychologists in the evaluation section of his or her chapter. Examines the statuses of two new factors affecting the field-the Big 5 Personality Trait Theory and locating genes underlying personality traits. Features the research results of many international personologists as well as an extensive reference list, which includes more than 150 new references to state of the art personality research.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xix
Introduction	p. 1
Preliminary Definition of Personality	p. 1
Methods of Studying Personality	p. 3
Personality Tests: Personologists' Tools	p. 9
Testing and Theorizing about Personality in a World of Human Diversity	p. 11
A Final Word about "Science"	p. 12
Chapter Sections	p. 13
Occasional Sections	p. 16
Conclusions Section	p. 16
E-mail Interaction Section	p. 17
Summary Points	p. 17
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 18
E-mail Interaction	p. 19
The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud	p. 20
Freud, the Person	p. 20
Freud's View of the Person	p. 22
Basic Concepts: Freud	p. 22
Evaluation	p. 35
Conclusions	p. 45
Summary Points	p. 49
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 51
E-mail Interaction	p. 51
Personality's Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung	p. 52
Jung, the Person	p. 53
Jung's View of the Person	p. 54
Basic Concepts: Jung	p. 55
Evaluation	p. 65
Conclusions	p. 71
Summary Points	p. 72
Running Comparison	p. 73
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 73
E-mail Interaction	p. 74
Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler	p. 75
Adler, the Person	p. 76
Adler's View of the Person	p. 77
Basic Concepts: Adler	p. 79
Evaluation	p. 88
Conclusions	p. 95
Summary Points	p. 95
Running Comparison	p. 97
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 97
E-mail Interaction	p. 98
Moving toward, away from, and against Others: Karen Horney	p. 99
Horney, the Person	p. 99
Horney's View of the Person	p. 101
Basic Concepts: Horney	p. 102
Evaluation	p. 111
Conclusions	p. 118
Summary Points	p. 121
Running Comparison	p. 123
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 123
E-mail Interaction	p. 123
Personality from the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan	p. 125
Sullivan, the Person	p. 126
Sullivan's View of the Person	p. 128
Basic Concepts: Sullivan	p. 129
Evaluation	p. 139
Conclusions	p. 143
Summary Points	p. 144
Running Comparison	p. 146
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 146
E-mail Interaction	p. 146
The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson	p. 148
Erikson, the Person	p. 149
Erikson's View of the Person	p. 151
Basic Concepts: Erikson	p. 153
Theoretical and Empirical Support for Erikson's Point of View	p. 163012
Conclusions	p. 170
Summary Points	p. 170
Running Comparison	p. 172
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 172
E-mail Interaction	p. 173
The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm	p. 174
Fromm, the Person	p. 175
Fromm's View of the Person	p. 177
Basic Concepts: Fromm	p. 178
Evaluation	p. 192
Conclusions	p. 195
Summary Points	p. 196
Running Comparison	p. 197
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 198
E-mail Interaction	p. 198
Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers	p. 200
Rogers, the Person	p. 200
Rogers's View of the Person	p. 203
Basic Concepts: Rogers	p. 208
Evaluation	p. 216
Conclusions	p. 221
Summary Points	p. 221
Running Comparison	p. 223
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 223
E-mail Interaction	p. 224
Becoming All that One Can Be: Abraham Maslow	p. 225
Maslow, the Person	p. 226
Maslow's View of the Person	p. 229
Basic Concepts: Maslow	p. 233
Evaluation	p. 239
Conclusions	p. 245
Summary Points	p. 246
Running Comparison	p. 247
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 248
E-mail Interaction	p. 248
Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly	p. 250
Kelly, the Person	p. 250
Kelly's View of the Person	p. 253
Basic Concepts: Kelly	p. 254
Personality Development	p. 260
Evaluation	p. 263
Conclusions	p. 272
Summary Points	p. 272
Running Comparison	p. 274
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 274
E-mail Interaction	p. 275
The Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality: Walter Mischel and Julian Rotter	p. 276
Mischel: A Challenge to Traits	p. 277
Mischel, the Person	p. 277
Mischel's View of the Person	p. 278
Basic Concepts: Mischel	p. 280
Evaluation	p. 288
Conclusions	p. 289
Rotter: Internal versus External Control of Our Behavior	p. 290
Rotter, the Person	p. 290
Rotter's View of the Person	p. 291
Basic Concepts: Rotter	p. 292
Evaluation	p. 298
Conclusions	p. 300
Summary Points	p. 301
Running Comparison	p. 302
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 303
E-mail Interaction	p. 303
Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of One's Circumstances: Albert Bandura	p. 304
Bandura, the Person	p. 305
Bandura's View of the Person	p. 306
Basic Concepts: Bandura	p. 309
Evaluation	p. 317
Conclusions	p. 327
Summary Points	p. 327
Running Comparison	p. 329
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 329
E-mail Interaction	p. 330
It's All a Matter of Consequences: B. F. Skinner	p. 331
Skinner, the Person	p. 332
Skinner's View of the Person	p. 334
Basic Concepts: Skinner	p. 337
Evaluation	p. 349
Conclusions	p. 352
Summary Points	p. 352
Running Comparison	p. 354
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 354
E-mail Interaction	p. 355
Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry A. Murray	p. 356
Murray, the Person	p. 357
Murray's View of the Person	p. 360
Basic Concepts: Murray	p. 363
Evaluation	p. 370
Conclusions	p. 378
Summary Points	p. 378
Running Comparison	p. 380
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 380
E-mail Interaction	p. 381
The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck	p. 382
Cattell, the Person	p. 383
Cattell's View of the Person	p. 385
Basic Concepts: Cattell	p. 387
Evaluation	p. 390
Conclusions	p. 400
Eysenck: 16 = 3--Conceiving of Personality in Three Dimensions	p. 400
Eysenck, the Person	p. 401
Eysenck's View of the Person	p. 402
Basic Concepts and Contributions: Eysenck	p. 403
Eysenck's Last Word	p. 408
Limitations	p. 408
Conclusions	p. 411
Summary Points	p. 411
Running Comparison	p. 413
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 413
E-mail Interaction	p. 414
Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport	p. 415
Allport, the Person	p. 416
Allport's View of the Person	p. 419
Basic Concepts: Allport	p. 420
Personality Development	p. 423
Personality and Prejudice	p. 431
Evaluation	p. 441
Conclusions	p. 442
Summary Points	p. 443
Running Comparison	p. 444
Essay/Critical Thinking Questions	p. 445
E-mail Interaction	p. 445
Where Is Personality Going?	p. 446
Glossary	p. 460
References	p. 480
Names Index	p. 519
Subject Index	p. 524
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.