The Police: An Introduction

by Michael D. Lyman; yman; Carolyn Goodman

• ISBN13: 9780132603652
• ISBN10: 0132603659
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

This enlightening book removes the mystique and misunderstanding surrounding police work, exploring the principles of policing and introducing readers to the day-to-day practices of these dedicated professionals. It provides students with the basic framework for understanding fundamental police issues while, at the same time, empowering them to question the conventional wisdom about policing.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	xiii
Chapter 1 CRIME AND PUBLIC SAFETY	1	(29)
Introduction	2	(4)
This Book's Theme	6	(1)
Crime and the Police	6	(1)
The Fear of Crime	6	(8)
Declining Crime Rates	14	(2)
Crime and the Media	16	(2)
The Baby Boomers and Crime	18	(2)
The Repercussions of Fear	20	(1)
Getting Tough on Crime	21	(2)
Responding to Crime	23	(1)
The Police Dilemma	24	(1)
Playing by the Rules	25	(1)
The Power of Perceptions	26	(1)
The Need for Balance	27	(1)
Chapter Checkup	28	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	28	(1)
Discussion Questions	29	(1)
Check the Web	29	(1)
Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING THE POLICE	30	(33)
Introduction	31	(2)
Police in a Democratic Society	33	(2)
The Politics of Policing	35	(3)
Image versus Reality	38	(2)
The Role of the Police	40	(6)
Understanding Police Behavior	46	(9)
Police Officer Working Styles	55
Professionalizing the Police Role	50	(11)
Chapter Checkup	61	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	62	(1)
Discussion Questions	62	(1)
Check the Web	62	(1)
Chapter 3 HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS	63	(36)
Introduction	64	(1)
Ancient Police Systems	65	(1)
Police Development in England	66	(2)
Professionalization and the English Police	68	(4)
Early American Policing (1600-1860)	72	(7)
The Political Era (1840-1920)	79	(4)
Early Twentieth Century Change	83	(1)
The Reform Era (1920-1970)	84	(8)
The Emergence of the Professional Police Officer	92	(4)
The Community Policing Era (1970-Present)	96	(1)
Chapter Checkup	97	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	98	(1)
Discussion Questions	98	(1)
Check the Web	98	(1)
Chapter 4 CONTEMPORARY POLICE SYSTEMS	99	(38)
Introduction	100	(1)
Organization of Police Agencies	101	(2)
The Municipal Police Function	103	(1)
Police Line Functions	104	(4)
Police Staff Functions	108	(3)
Country Policing	111	(2)
State-Level Police Agencies	113	(4)
Federal Law Enforcement	117	(10)
Private Police	127	(8)
Chapter Checkup	135	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	136	(1)
Discussion Questions	136	(1)
Check the Web	136	(1)
Chapter 5 POLICE OPERATIONS	137	(48)
Introduction	138	(1)
The Patrol Function	138	(4)
Historical Developments in Patrol	142	(2)
Allocation of Patrol Units	144	(1)
Responding to Crime	145	(3)
Activities of the Patrol Division	148	(1)
Types of Patrol	148	(5)
Police-Community Relations	153	(3)
Routine Assignments	156	(11)
The Investigation Function	167	(1)
Types of Investigations	168	(1)
The Goals of Criminal Investigation	169	(1)
Criminal Investigation Research	169	(3)
Patrol Investigations	172	(1)
The Role of the Investigator	173	(10)
Chapter Checkup	183	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	184	(1)
Discussion Questions	184	(1)
Check the Web	184	(1)
Chapter 6 POLICE AUTHORITY	185	(50)
Introduction	186	(1)
Concern about Crime	187	(1)
Police Power and the Rule of Law	188	(6)
Police Discretion	194	(7)
Probable Cause	201	(2)
The Decision to Arrest	203	(5)
Search and Seizure	208	(10)
Police Custodial Interrogation	218	(3)
Police Authority and Electronic Surveillance	221	(3)
Use of Force	224	(9)
Chapter Checkup	233	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	233	(1)
Discussion Questions	233	(1)
Check the Web	234	(1)
Chapter 7 ETHICS AND DEVIANCE	235	(42)
Introduction	236	(2)
Foundations of Police Ethics	238	(4)
The Police Subculture and Ethics	242	(6)
Discretion and Ethics	248	(2)
Police Misconduct	250	(6)
Police Corruption	256	(4)
Types of Police Corruption	260	(9)
Performance of Duty	269	(4)
Making Use of the Subculture	273	(1)
Preventing Corruption	274	(1)
Chapter Checkup	275	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	276	(1)
Discussion Questions	276	(1)
Check the Web	276	(1)
Chapter 8 CONTROLLING POLICE ACTIONS	277	(32)
Introduction	278	(1)
Controlling Police through Litigation	279	(1)
Defendants in Civil Liability Cases	280	(3)
Traditional State Law Tort	283	(9)
Civil Liability under Federal Law	292	(2)
Defenses in Civil Liability Cases	294	(3)
Can the Police Sue Back?	297	(1)
Other Control Mechanisms	297	(10)
Chapter Checkup	307	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	307	(1)
Discussion Questions	308	(1)
Check the Web	308	(1)
Chapter 9 PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION	309	(26)
Introduction	310	(1)
An Ounce of Prevention	310	(1)
Police Work as a Career	311	(1)
Police Officer Recruitment	312	(3)
Legal Hiring Mandates	315	(4)
The Officer Selection Process	319	(7)
Police Academy Training	326	(2)
Field Training	328	(2)
Higher Education in Policing	330	(3)
Chapter Checkup	333	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	334	(1)
Discussion Questions	334	(1)
Check the Web	334	(1)
Chapter 10 THE POLICE AND THE COMMUNITY	335	(32)
Introduction	336	(1)
Citizen Attitudes and the Police	337	(5)
The Fusion of the Police and the Community	342	(5)
Strategies for Policing	347	(5)
Theoretical Base for Community Policing	352	(3)
Components of Community Policing	355	(2)
The Difference between COP and POP	357	(1)
The Extent of Community Policing	357	(8)
Chapter Checkup	365	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	365	(1)
Discussion Questions	366	(1)
Check the Web	366	(1)
Chapter 11 JOB-RELATED ISSUES	367	(35)
Introduction	368	(1)
Police Mortality	368	(5)
The Police Mortality Framework	373	(2)
Women as Police Officers	375	(4)
Black Police Officers	379	(1)
Family Problems	380	(2)
Alcohol and Drug Abuse	382	(1)
Suicide	383	(2)
Disease Prevention	385	(1)
Stress	385	(12)
Police Burnout	397	(2)
Reducing Stress in Police Work	399	(1)
Chapter Checkup	400	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	400	(1)
Discussion Questions	401	(1)
Check the Web	401	(1)
Chapter 12 POLICING THE DRUG PROBLEM	402	(47)
Introduction	403	(1)
America's Drug Abuse Profile	404	(1)
The National Drug Control Strategy	405	(1)
Drugs and Crime	405	(3)
The Drug Trade Today	408	(6)
The Police Response	414	(1)
Drug Enforcement Initiatives	415	(13)
Development of Federal Drug Control Efforts	428	(1)
The Federal Response	429	(5)
Laws to Combat Drug Trafficking	434	(2)
Antidrug Strategies	436	(4)
Police-Community Involvement	440	(4)
Street-Level Enforcement	444	(1)
Policy-Related Factors	445	(1)
Chapter Checkup	446	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	448	(1)
Discussion Questions	448	(1)
Check the Web	448	(1)
Chapter 13 CURRENT CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS	449
Introduction	450	(1)
Policing in 2000: A Better Mousetrap?	451	(6)
Changing Demographics	451	(6)
Improved Police Technology	457	(6)
Crime and the Information Boom	463	(3)
Twenty-First-Century Organized Crime	466	(2)
Terrorism	468	(4)
Community Policing and the Future	472	(2)
Chapter Checkup	474	(1)
Do You Recognize These Terms?	475	(1)
Discussion Questions	476	(1)
Check the Web	476	(1)
REFERENCES	477	(16)
INDEX	493