Practices of Looking An Introduction to Visual Culture

by Sturken, Marita; Cartwright, Lisa

• ISBN13: 9780198742715
• ISBN10: 0198742711
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-02-01
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

"Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture provides a comprehensive and engaging overview of how we understand a wide array of visual media and how we use images to express ourselves, to communicate, to play, and to learn. Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright - two leading scholars in the emergent and dynamic field of visual culture and communication - examine the diverse range of approaches to visual analysis and lead students through key theories and concepts." "Thoroughly updated to incorporate cutting-edge theoretical research, the second edition examines the following new topics: the surge of new media technologies; the impact of globalization on the flow of information and media form and content; and how nationalism and security concerns have changed our looking practices in the aftermath of 9/11. Challenging yet accessible, Practices of Looking is ideal for courses across a range of disciplines, including media and film studies, communications, art history, and photography."--BOOK JACKET.

Author Biography

Marita Sturken is Associate Professor at the University of Southern California, teaching cultural studies, popular culture, and issues of technology and culture. She previously worked as a critic in independent film and video, and is the author of; Tangled Memories: The Vietnam War, the AIDS Epidemic and the Politics of Remembering, University of California Press (1997) and Thelma and Louise, British Film Institute Modern Classics Series (2000). Lisa Cartwright is Associate Professor at the University of Rochester, and Director of the Susan B. Institute for Gender and Women's Studies. She is the author of Screening the Body: Tracing Medicine's Visual Culture and co-editor of The Visible Woman: Imaging Technologies, Gender and Science

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(9)
Practices of Looking: Images, Power, and Politics	10	(35)
Representation	12	(4)
The myth of photographic truth	16	(5)
Images and ideology	21	(4)
How we negotiate the meaning of images	25	(6)
The value of images	31	(5)
Image icons	36	(9)
Notes	42	(1)
Further Reading	43	(2)
Viewers Make Meaning	45	(27)
Producers' intended meanings	45	(3)
Aesthetics and taste	48	(2)
Reading images as ideological subjects	50	(6)
Encoding and decoding	56	(2)
Appropriation and oppositional readings	58	(10)
Re-appropriations and counter-bricolage	68	(4)
Notes	70	(1)
Further Reading	70	(2)
Spectatorship, Power, and Knowledge	72	(37)
Psychoanalysis and the image spectator	72	(4)
The gaze	76	(6)
Changing concepts of the gaze	82	(11)
Discourse, the gaze, and the other	93	(3)
Power/knowledge and panopticism	96	(4)
The gaze and the exotic	100	(9)
Notes	107	(1)
Further Reading	107	(2)
Reproduction and visual Technologies	109	(42)
Realism and the history of perspective	111	(4)
Realism and visual technologies	115	(6)
The reproduction of images	121	(9)
Reproduced images as politics	130	(4)
Visual technologies and phenomenology	134	(4)
The digital image	138	(6)
Virtual space and interactive images	144	(7)
Notes	149	(1)
Further Reading	149	(2)
The Mass Media and the Public Sphere	151	(38)
Critiques of the mass media	161	(7)
The mass media and democratic potential	168	(4)
Television and the question of sponsorship	172	(5)
Media and the public sphere	177	(6)
New media cultures	183	(6)
Notes	186	(1)
Further Reading	187	(2)
Consumer Culture and the Manufacturing of Desire	189	(48)
Consumer society	191	(7)
Commodity culture and commodity fetishism	198	(5)
Addressing the consumer	203	(6)
Images and text	209	(3)
Envy, desire, and glamour	212	(6)
Belonging and difference	218	(4)
Bricolage and counter-bricolage	222	(5)
The brand	227	(4)
Anti-ad practices	231	(6)
Notes	235	(1)
Further Reading	235	(2)
Postmodernism and Popular Culture	237	(42)
Modernism	240	(11)
Postmodernism	251	(3)
Reflexivity	254	(5)
The copy, pastiche, and institutional critique	259	(5)
Popular culture: parody and reflexivity	264	(6)
Addressing the postmodern consumer	270	(9)
Notes	277	(1)
Further Reading	277	(2)
Scientific Looking, Looking at Science	279	(36)
Images as evidence	280	(6)
Scientific looking	286	(5)
Images in biomedicine: sonograms and fetal personhood	291	(3)
Scientific images as advocacy and politics	294	(4)
Vision and truth	298	(2)
Genetics and the digital body	300	(8)
Popular science	308	(7)
Notes	313	(1)
Further Reading	313	(2)
The Global Flow of Visual Culture	315	(34)
Television flow: from the local to the global	318	(4)
The critique of cultural imperialism	322	(2)
Markets of the Third World	324	(3)
Alternative circulations: hybrid and diasporic images	327	(6)
The Internet: global village or multinational corporate marketplace?	333	(5)
The World Wide Web as private and public sphere	338	(4)
The challenge of the Internet to privacy, censorship, and free speech	342	(2)
The place of the visual in the new millennium	344	(5)
Notes	345	(1)
Further Reading	346	(3)
Glossary	349	(22)
Picture Credits	371	(4)
Index	375