Prehospital Emergency Pharmacology

by Bledsoe, Bryan E.; Bosker, Gideon; Papa, Frank J.

Edition:

3rd

ISBN13:

9780893039493

ISBN10:

0893039497

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

1/1/1992

Publisher(s):

Brady

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Summary

This pharmacology book and handy reference is a complete guide to the most common medications used in prehospital care. It reflects current trends in prehospital care and the most recent drug information. This revision will update the book to cover the current AHA guidelines for cardiac care and will be updated to include the most recent drug information available. Chapter topics include pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics; administration of drugs; drug dosage calculations; fluids, electrolytes, and IV therapy; the automatic nervous system; drugs used in the treatment of emergencies: cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic-endocrine, neurological, obstetrical and gynecological, toxicological, behavioral, and gastrointestinal; and drugs used in pain management. For practicing paramedics.

Author Biography

Dwayne E. Clayden is Assistant to the Medical Director, City of Calgary Emergency Medical Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
About the Authors	p. xv
Notices	p. xvii
Precautions on Bloodborne Pathogens and Infectious Diseases	p. xix
General Information	p. 1
Objectives	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Drug Research and Bringing a Drug to Market	p. 5
FDA Classification of Newly Approved Drugs	p. 8
New Drug Development	p. 8
Unlabeled Uses of Drugs	p. 11
Medical Oversight	p. 11
Components of a Drug Profile	p. 17
Important Pharmacological Terminology	p. 21
Summary	p. 22
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics	p. 24
Objectives	p. 24
Introduction	p. 24
Pharmacology	p. 25
Pharmacokinetics	p. 25
Review of Physiology of Transport	p. 25
Pharmacodynamics	p. 34
Summary	p. 42
Administration of Drugs	p. 45
Objectives	p. 45
Introduction	p. 46
Patient Care Using Medications	p. 46
The Medication Order	p. 46
Six Rights of Medication Administration	p. 47
General Administration Routes	p. 50
Drug Administration and Preparation	p. 52
Medical Direction	p. 53
Medical Asepsis	p. 54
Disposal of Contaminated Equipment and Sharps	p. 55
Medication Routes Used in Emergency Medicine	p. 56
Pediatric Administration Techniques	p. 60
Summary	p. 62
Drug Dosage Calculations	p. 64
Objectives	p. 64
Introduction	p. 65
The Metric System	p. 65
Find the Ordered Dose	p. 69
Find the Units per Kilogram	p. 71
Concentration Problems	p. 73
Calculate an IV Drip	p. 76
Calculate an IV Drip Based on Patient Weight	p. 79
Milliliters per Hour to Drops per Minute	p. 80
Practice Problems	p. 81
Fluids, Electrolytes, and Intravenous Therapy	p. 86
Objectives	p. 86
Introduction	p. 87
Fluids	p. 87
Electrolytes	p. 87
Cell Physiology	p. 89
Blood	p. 91
IV Therapy	p. 94
Insertion of Indwelling IV Catheter	p. 111
Collection of Blood Samples for Laboratory Analysis	p. 115
Blood Transfusions	p. 116
Summary	p. 117
The Autonomic Nervous System	p. 118
Objectives	p. 118
Introduction	p. 118
The Autonomic Nervous System	p. 118
Summary	p. 128
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Emergencies	p. 130
Objectives	p. 130
Introduction	p. 131
Oxygen	p. 132
Sympathomimetics	p. 135
Sympathetic Blockers	p. 150
Antidysrhythmics	p. 157
Parasympatholytics	p. 178
Cardiac Glycosides	p. 181
Anticoagulants	p. 183
Fibrinolytics	p. 185
Alkalinizing Agents	p. 194
Cardiac Pain Management (Analgesics)	p. 196
Diuretics	p. 201
Natriuretic Peptides	p. 205
Antianginal Agents	p. 206
Antihypertensives	p. 211
Other Cardiovascular Drugs	p. 216
Summary	p. 217
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Respiratory Emergencies	p. 220
Objectives	p. 220
Introduction	p. 221
Oxygen	p. 222
Asthma	p. 225
Neuromuscular Blockers	p. 243
Induction Agents	p. 252
Rapid-Sequence Induction	p. 258
Pharmacologically-Assisted Intubation	p. 259
Summary	p. 263
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Metabolic-Endocrine Emergencies	p. 265
Objectives	p. 265
Introduction	p. 265
Diabetes Mellitus	p. 266
Types of Diabetes	p. 266
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Diabetic Coma)	p. 268
Hypoglycemia (Insulin Shock)	p. 269
Insulin	p. 270
Glucagon	p. 274
Thiamine	p. 277
Summary	p. 281
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Neurological Emergencies	p. 283
Objectives	p. 283
Introduction	p. 283
Neurological Trauma	p. 283
Nontraumatic Neurological Emergencies	p. 288
Summary	p. 298
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Obstetrical and Gynecological Emergencies	p. 301
Objectives	p. 301
Introduction	p. 301
Severe Vaginal Bleeding	p. 302
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy	p. 303
Preterm Labor	p. 305
Summary	p. 308
Toxicological Emergencies in Prehospital Care	p. 310
Objectives	p. 310
Introduction	p. 310
Regional Poison Centers	p. 311
Patient History	p. 311
General Approach to the Poisoned Patient	p. 312
Toxidromes	p. 313
Specific Toxic Agents Encountered in Prehospital Care	p. 314
Summary	p. 346
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Behavioral Emergencies	p. 353
Objectives	p. 353
Introduction	p. 353
Understanding Behavioral Emergencies	p. 353
Summary	p. 365
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Emergencies	p. 368
Objectives	p. 368
Gastrointestinal Medications	p. 368
Summary	p. 375
Drugs Used in Pain Management	p. 376
Objectives	p. 376
Introduction	p. 376
Analgesics	p. 378
Summary	p. 388
Weapons of Mass Destruction	p. 392
Objectives	p. 392
Introduction	p. 392
Personal Protection	p. 393
NBC Agents Overview	p. 393
Summary	p. 402
Glossary of Street Drug Names	p. 403
Emergency Intravenous Fluids Quick Reference Guide	p. 407
Quick Drug Reference	p. 413
Adult Advanced Cardiac Life Support Algorithms	p. 466
Common Home Prescription Drug Information	p. 477
Pediatric Drug Dosages	p. 498
Pediatric Advanced Cardiac Life Support Treatment Algorithm	p. 504
Drug Administration Skills	p. 507
A Guide to Herbal Supplements	p. 530
Practice Problems Answer Key	p. 539
Index	p. 543
Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved.

Prehospital Emergency Pharmacology

9780893039493

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents