Principles and Foundations of Health Promotion and Education

by Cottrell, Randall R.; Girvan, James T.; McKenzie, James F.

• ISBN13: 9780205273652
• ISBN10: 0205273653
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

Increases students' interest and practical understanding by including practitioner perspectives throughout the text. The student will gain a real view of the practicing health professionals. Contains professional association description and application forms, which provide mechanisms for students to easily join the associations. Students will be able to network and expand their circle of influence within their profession and gain valuable professional information. Includes an advanced study in health education that encourages students to think about and plan for graduate school; a feature no other text provides. This text will have lasting value and serve as a professional reference beyond the foundations of health course.

Table of Contents

Foreword	ix
Preface	x
Acknowledgments	xiii
A Background for the Profession	1	(31)
An Emerging Profession	2	(2)
Current Status of health Education	4	(2)
Key Words, Terms, and Definitions	6	(4)
Measuring Health or Health Status	10	(3)
Rates	10	(1)
Life Expectancy	10	(2)
Years of Potential Life Lost	12	(1)
Disability-Adjusted Life Years	12	(1)
Health Surveys	13	(1)
The Goal and Objectives of the Profession	13	(1)
The Practice of Health Education	14	(1)
Basic Underlying Concepts of the Profession	15	(12)
The Health Field Concept	16	(1)
The Levels and Limitations of Prevention	17	(3)
Risk Factors	20	(1)
Health Risk Reduction	21	(4)
Other Selected Principles	25	(2)
The Discipline of Epidemiology	27	(1)
Summary	27	(5)
The History of Health and Health Education	32	(38)
Introduction	33	(1)
Early Humans	33	(2)
Early Efforts at Community Health	35	(1)
Egyptians	35	(2)
Greeks	37	(4)
Romans	41	(1)
Middle Ages	42	(3)
Renaissance	45	(3)
Age of Enlightenment	48	(1)
The 1800s	48	(2)
Public Health in the United States	50	(9)
School Health in the United States	59	(6)
Summary	65	(5)
Philosophical Foundations	70	(19)
Introduction	71	(1)
What Is a Philosophy?	71	(2)
Why Does One Need a Philosophy?	73	(2)
Principles and Philosophies Associated with Health	75	(1)
Leading Philosophical Viewpoints	76	(3)
Developing a Philosophy	79	(3)
Predominate Health Education Philosophies	82	(3)
Impacting the Delivery of Health Education	85	(1)
Summary	86	(3)
Theoretical Foundations	89	(28)
Definitions	90	(1)
The Importance of Using Theory in Health Education/Promotion	91	(1)
An Overview of the Theories and Models Used in health Education/Promotion	92	(19)
Planning Models (Theories/Models of Implementation)	92	(8)
Theories and Models Focusing on Health Behavior Change (Change Process Theories)	100	(11)
A Final Note about Theories and Models	111	(1)
Summary	112	(5)
Ethics and Health Education	117	(20)
Key Terms and Origin	118	(1)
Why Should People and Professionals Act Ethically?	119	(1)
Ethical Theories	119	(2)
Basic Principles for Common Moral Ground	121	(1)
Making Ethical Decisions	122	(5)
Ethical Issues and Health Education	127	(5)
Ensuring Ethical Behavior	132	(1)
Summary	133	(4)
The Health Educator: Roles, Responsibilities, Certifications, Advanced Study	137	(22)
Introduction	138	(1)
Credentialing	138	(1)
History of Role Delineation and Certification	139	(3)
Individual Certification	142	(1)
Graduate Health Education Standards	143	(2)
Program Accreditation	145	(1)
Responsibilities and Competencies of Health Educators	146	(6)
Responsibility I: Assessing Individual and Community Needs for Health Education	147	(1)
Responsibility II: Planning Effective Health Education Programs	148	(1)
Responsibility III: Implementing Health Education Programs	148	(1)
Responsibility IV: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Health Education Programs	149	(1)
Responsibility V: Coordinating Provision of Health Education Services	150	(1)
Responsibility VI: Acting as a Resource Person in Health Education	150	(1)
Responsibility VII: Communicating Health and Health Education Needs, Concerns, and Resources	151	(1)
Summary of Responsibilities and Competencies	151	(1)
Advanced Study in Health Education	152	(1)
Master's Degree Options	153	(1)
Selecting a Graduate School	154	(1)
Admission Requirements	155	(1)
Financing Graduate Study	155	(1)
Summary	156	(3)
The Settings for Health Education	159	(31)
School Health Education	160	(5)
A Day in the Career of a School Health Educator	164	(1)
Additional Responsibilities	165	(1)
Community/Public Health Education	165	(5)
A Day in the Career of a Community Health Educator	168	(2)
Additional Responsibilities	170	(1)
Worksite Health Education	170	(7)
A Day in the Career of a Worksite Health Educator	175	(2)
Additional Responsibilities	177	(1)
Health Education in Health Care Settings	177	(5)
A Day in the Career of a Health Care Setting Health Educator	180	(2)
Additional Responsibilities	182	(1)
Health Education in Colleges and Universities	182	(2)
International Opportunities	184	(1)
Nontraditional Health Education Positions	185	(1)
Landing That First Job	186	(2)
Summary	188	(2)
Agencies/Associations/Organizations Associated with Health Education	190	(27)
Governmental Health Agencies	191	(1)
Quasi-Governmental Health Agencies	191	(1)
Nongovernmental Health Agencies	192	(21)
Voluntary Health Agencies	193	(1)
Philanthropic Foundations	194	(1)
Service, Fraternal, and Religious Groups	194	(1)
Professional Health Associations/Organizations	194	(19)
Joining a Professional Health Association/Organization	213	(1)
Summary	214	(3)
The Literature of Health Education	217	(24)
Introduction	217	(1)
Types of Information Sources	218	(2)
Identifying the Components of a Research Article	220	(1)
Critically Reading a Research Article	221	(1)
Evaluating the Accuracy of Nonresearch-Based Sources	222	(1)
Writing an Abstract or a Summary	223	(1)
Locating Health-Related Information	223	(6)
Journals	223	(3)
Indexes	226	(1)
Abstracts	227	(1)
Computerized Databases	228	(1)
The Internet and the World Wide Web	229	(6)
Evaluating Information on the Internet	235	(1)
Selected Health-Related Web Sites	235	(3)
Summary	238	(3)
Future Trends in Health Education	241	(25)
Introduction	241	(1)
Demographic Changes	242	(2)
Minority Population Changes	242	(2)
Aging	244	(1)
Societal Trends	244	(6)
Technology	245	(1)
Family Structure	245	(3)
Political Climate	248	(1)
Medical Care Establishment	249	(1)
Professional Preparation and Credentialing	250	(4)
Professional Preparation	250	(1)
Credentialing	251	(3)
Implications for Practice Settings	254	(7)
School Setting	255	(2)
Worksite Setting	257	(1)
Community/Public Health Settings	258	(2)
Health Care Setting	260	(1)
Alternative Settings	261	(2)
Summary	263	(3)
Appendix A: Code of Ethics (Unabridged Version), Society for Public Health Education, Inc.	266	(6)
Appendix B: Code of Ethics (Abridged Version), Society for Public Health Education, Inc.	272	(2)
Appendix C: The code of Ethics for Health Educators	274	(6)
Appendix D: Responsibilities and Competencies for Entry-Level Health Educators	280	(7)
Appendix E: Eta Sigma Gamma Chapters: Locations and Dates of Installation	287	(3)
Glossary	290	(9)
Credits	299	(2)
Index	301