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Principles & Methods of Adapted Physical Education & Recreation (8th),9780815108917

Principles & Methods of Adapted Physical Education & Recreation (8th)

by Auxter, David; Pfyer, Jean

Edition:

8th

ISBN13:

9780815108917

ISBN10:

0815108915

Format:

Hardcover

Pub. Date:

8/1/1996

Publisher(s):

Harcourt Health Sciences

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Table of Contents

Part One The Scope

Educating People with Disabilities

3

(28)

Prevalence

4

(1)

Historical implications

5

(2)

Definitions of disabling conditions

7

(1)

Physical education for persons with disabilities

8

(2)

Recreational sport opportunities for persons with disabilities

10

(1)

Legislation for individuals with disabilities

11

(9)

Transition

20

(1)

Accommodating the student with disabilities in integrated settings

21

(1)

Most appropriate placement

21

(1)

Role of the adapted physical educator

22

(1)

Community-based programming

22

(1)

Normalization

23

(1)

Educational accountability

24

(1)

Current status of adapted physical education

25

(6)

Part Two Key Techniques

Determining Educational Needs Through Assessment

31

(30)

Purposes of assessment

32

(1)

Matching type of assessment to purpose

32

(1)

Test selection criteria

33

(7)

Assessment tools

40

(10)

The testing process

50

(6)

Using assessment for classification

56

(5)

Developing the Individual Education Program

61

(28)

Content of the IEP

62

(1)

Description of each component of the IEP

62

(6)

Parent/guardian rights

68

(1)

Participants of the IEP meeting

68

(1)

Discipline concerns

69

(1)

The IEP meeting agenda

70

(2)

Encouraging and maximizing parent participation in the IEP process

72

(1)

Encouraging and maximizing student participation in the IEP process

73

(1)

Concerns regarding the IEP process

74

(1)

The individual transition plan

75

(1)

Personal futures planning

75

(2)

Professional personnel who may be involved in the IEP, ITP, or PFP process

77

(12)

Selecting an Intervention Strategy

89

(19)

Levels of function

90

(1)

Incidental versus planned learning

91

(1)

Facilitating skill development

91

(6)

Functional adaptations

97

(4)

Programmed instruction

101

(4)

Reporting the results to parents

105

(3)

Delivering Services in the Most Inclusive Environment

108

(48)

Least restrictive environment and inclusion---federal interpretation and explanation

109

(2)

National standards for physical education

111

(1)

Preparing for inclusion---a proactive approach

112

(5)

Evaluating the physical education environment for inclusion

117

(1)

Lease restrictive environment alternatives on a continuum of services

118

(10)

Determination of appropriate physical education placement

128

(6)

Specific strategies for including learners with disabilities

134

(5)

Enhancing instruction in inclusive settings through computer technology

139

(2)

Grading (marking) children with disabilities in an inclusive setting

141

(1)

Collaboration and inclusion

141

(2)

The consultancy and inclusion

143

(6)

Transition

149

(2)

Inclusion in leisure, recreation, and sports

151

(5)

Facilitating Learning

156

(23)

Behavioral technology

157

(1)

Identifying behaviors that need to be learned or changed

157

(3)

Selecting an intervention strategy to facilitate learning

160

(4)

Reinforcement

164

(1)

Intervention strategies to control disruptive behaviors

165

(5)

Consistent management techniques

170

(2)

Techniques to ensure persistence of learning or change

172

(7)

Part Three Generic Educational Needs

Motor Development Delays

179

(18)

Facilitating motor development

180

(17)

Physical Fitness Deficiencies

197

(18)

Definition of physical fitness

198

(1)

Physical fitness in the United States

198

(1)

Causes of poor physical fitness

199

(1)

Evaluating physical fitness

200

(1)

Types of physical fitness tests

200

(1)

Programming for physical fitness

201

(1)

Principles of training

202

(1)

Developing training programs

203

(3)

Modification of the physical fitness training system

206

(1)

Accommodating for specific types of disabilities

207

(1)

Selected fitness problems

208

(4)

Family involvement in active lifestyles

212

(1)

Implications for physical education

213

(2)

Psychosocial Delays

215

(26)

At-risk infants, children, and adolescents

216

(9)

Psychosocial deficits of children and youth with disabilities

225

(1)

Psychosocial assessment

226

(2)

Psychosocial delays and their implications for physical education for at-risk children and youth, including those with disabilities

228

(2)

Model physical education and recreation programs for at-risk children and youth

230

(1)

Psychosocial skills necessary for successful participation in play, games, and leisure, recreation, and sport activities

231

(2)

Hierarchy of incentives for demonstrating socially appropriate behavior

233

(2)

Psychosocial goals and objectives of the IEP

235

(6)

Part Four Needs of Specific Populations

Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers

241

(57)

The eight types of intelligence---the philosophical foundation of early intervention

242

(2)

Developmentally appropriate assessment of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers

244

(9)

Ages and stages---understanding typical and atypical development

253

(1)

Early childhood intervention programs---birth to age 3 years

253

(9)

Early childhood intervention in natural settings

262

(10)

The preschool program for children ages 3 to 5 years

272

(2)

Quality movement/play experiences in preschool programs

274

(5)

The indoor active learning center

279

(2)

The outdoor active learning center

281

(5)

Preschool inclusion programs

286

(3)

Role of the preschool adapted physical educator in inclusion programs

289

(9)

Mental Retardation

298

(25)

Definition

299

(2)

Incidence

301

(1)

Causes

301

(1)

Characteristics

301

(2)

Testing to determine functioning levels

303

(1)

Special considerations

304

(3)

Teaching strategies

307

(2)

The physical education program

309

(2)

Modifications, adaptations, and inclusion techniques

311

(5)

Community-based opportunities

316

(7)

Autism

323

(16)

Definition

324

(1)

Incidence

324

(1)

Causes

324

(1)

Cognitive, motor, physical, behavioral, and psychosocial characteristics

325

(3)

Testing

328

(2)

Special considerations: facilitated communication

330

(1)

Teaching strategies

330

(2)

The physical education program

332

(3)

Modifications, adaptations, and inclusion techniques

335

(1)

Community-based opportunities

336

(3)

Specific Learning Disabilities

339

(14)

Definition

340

(1)

Incidence

340

(1)

Causes

340

(2)

Characteristics

342

(3)

Testing to determine motor-functioning levels

345

(1)

Special considerations

346

(1)

Drug therapy

347

(1)

Teaching strategies

347

(1)

The physical education program

348

(1)

Modifications

349

(1)

Community-based opportunities

350

(3)

Emotional Disturbances

353

(19)

Definition

354

(1)

Incidence

354

(1)

Causes

355

(1)

Characteristics

355

(4)

Testing

359

(1)

Special considerations

359

(2)

Teaching strategies

361

(2)

The physical education program

363

(1)

Modifications, adaptations, and inclusion techniques

363

(5)

Community-based opportunities

368

(4)

Physically Disabling Conditions

372

(47)

Definition and scope

373

(1)

Neurological disorders

373

(13)

Orthopedic disabilities

386

(8)

Traumatic injuries

394

(6)

Testing

400

(1)

Modifications, adaptations, and inclusion techniques

401

(10)

Community-based opportunities

411

(8)

Hearing Impairments

419

(14)

Definition

420

(1)

Incidence

420

(1)

Causes

420

(1)

Clues that indicate hearing loss

421

(1)

Psychological and behavioral characteristics

421

(1)

Motor characteristics of individuals who are hearing impaired

422

(1)

Deaf-blind children

423

(1)

Testing

423

(1)

Special considerations

423

(2)

Teaching strategies

425

(4)

The physical education program

429

(1)

Integrating the student who is hearing impaired

429

(2)

Community-based activities

431

(2)

Visual Impairments

433

(19)

Definition

434

(1)

Incidence

434

(1)

Causes

435

(1)

Characteristics

436

(2)

Testing

438

(1)

Special considerations

439

(1)

Teaching strategies

440

(3)

The physical education program

443

(3)

Modifications, adaptations, and inclusion techniques

446

(2)

Community-based activities

448

(4)

Other Conditions

452

(37)

AIDS

453

(2)

Anemia

455

(3)

Asthma

458

(3)

Child abuse and neglect

461

(3)

Childhood cancer

464

(4)

Cystic fibrosis

468

(1)

Diabetes

469

(5)

Prader-Willi syndrome

474

(2)

Premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea

476

(3)

Tourette syndrome

479

(2)

Traumatic head injuries

481

(8)

Part Five Organization and Administration

Program Organization and Administration

489

(84)

The education system

490

(1)

Adapted physical education and the administrative hierarchy

490

(2)

Basic components of the adapted physical education program

492

(2)

Interaction with other special education personnel

494

(5)

School reform initiatives

499

(6)

Communication with parents

505

(2)

Equipment

507

(10)

Appendixes

A Posture and Body Mechanics

517

(42)

B Stress Reduction Techniques

559

(9)

C Sports Organizations for Persons with Disabilities

568

(5)

Glossary

573

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