Proactive Police Management

by Thibault, Edward A., Ph.D.; Lynch, Lawrence M.; McBride, R. Bruce

• ISBN13: 9780136166658
• ISBN10: 0136166652
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-11-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

Required reading for civil service promotional examinations. "Proactive Police Management" provides a review of the various approaches to police management using a contemporary and proactive approach. The seventh edition has been extensively revised, including new information on technology, operational and fiscal planning, management styles, training techniques, budgeting methods and national security concerns. It continues to balance planning and communication; theory and practice; and authoritative and participatory leadership approaches - emphasizing a consultative management style that enables all stakeholders to effectively anticipate, prevent and react to crime within their community. This book is used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations. The "Prentice Hall's Test Prep Guide to Accompany Proactive Police Management" (ISBN: 0-13-170126-6) is used in conjunction with this title to help law enforcement professionals prepare for their promotional exams. Shows how the combination of new proactive management techniques and the application of new technology are revolutionizing policing. Covers traditional scientific management, the behavioral/systems approach, and the human relations approach. Emphasizes community-policing, problem-oriented policing and intelligence-led policing. Used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION	XVII
About the Fourth Edition	xix
SECTION I HISTORICAL AND POLICE CULTURE CONTEXT	1	(47)
CHAPTER 1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE	1	(14)
Industrial Revolution: The Traditional Management Model 1750-1900	3	(1)
Scientific Management, 1900 to Present	4	(3)
O. W. Wilson	5	(1)
William H. Parker	6	(1)
Other Contributors	7	(1)
Human Relations and Participative Management Model, 1925 to Present	7	(3)
Behavioral Management, 1945 to Present, and Systems Management, 1960 to Present	10	(1)
Proactive Management, 1980 to Present	11	(1)
Conclusion	12	(1)
Questions for Review	13	(1)
Key Terms	13	(1)
Bibliography	13	(2)
CHAPTER 2 POLICE SUBCULTURE AND INFORMAL GROUP STRUCTURES	15	(33)
The Concept: Police Subculture	16	(1)
Characteristics of the Police Subculture	17	(7)
Argot	17	(2)
Esoteric Knowledge	19	(1)
Internal Sanctions	19	(1)
Solidarity	20	(1)
Social Isolation	21	(1)
Perception of Violence and Psychological Distance	22	(2)
Informal Group Structures in Police Organizations	24	(4)
The Hawthorne Study	24	(1)
The Work Community	25	(1)
The Effect of the Primary Group on Police Bureaucracy	26	(2)
Police Peer Norms	28	(4)
Police Corruption and Internal Norms	29	(2)
Corruption, Cliques, Meat Eaters, and Grass Eaters	31	(1)
Police Typologies	32	(1)
Minority Group Structures	33	(8)
African American Officers	34	(2)
Female Officers	36	(5)
Conclusion	41	(1)
Questions for Review	42	(1)
Class Project	42	(1)
Key Terms	42	(1)
Bibliography	43	(5)
SECTION II BASIC ORGANIZATIONAL CONCEPTS	48	(97)
CHAPTER 3 PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ORGANIZATIONS	48	(17)
Law Enforcement as Big Business	49	(1)
Civil Service Promotions	50	(1)
The Use of Civilian Employees	50	(1)
Traditional Measures of Police Effectiveness	51	(1)
Traditional Purposes of Police Organizations	52	(1)
Reality-Based, Proactive Purposes of Police Organizations	53	(1)
Performance	53	(1)
Preparedness	53	(1)
Progressiveness	54	(1)
Management Principles	54	(2)
Respond	55	(1)
Regulate	55	(1)
Restrain	55	(1)
Recover	55	(1)
Repress	55	(1)
Reinforce	56	(1)
The Concept of Organization	56	(1)
Mechanical	57	(1)
Humanistic	57	(1)
The Traditional Concept of Bureaucracy from Max Weber	57	(2)
Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies	59	(2)
Conclusion	61	(1)
Questions for Review	62	(1)
Key Terms	62	(1)
Bibliography	62	(3)
CHAPTER 4 OPERATING PRINCIPLES	65	(12)
Administration	65	(3)
Planning	66	(1)
Organizing	66	(1)
Staffing	66	(1)
Directing	67	(1)
Coordinating	67	(1)
Reporting	67	(1)
Budgeting	67	(1)
Supervision	68	(1)
The RESPECT Approach to Supervision	69	(3)
Reporting and Communicating	69	(1)
Evaluation and Inspection	70	(1)
Services and Community Relations	70	(1)
Planning and Implementation	70	(1)
Ethics and Morale	71	(1)
Control and Resource Utilization	71	(1)
Teaching and Directing	72	(1)
Operations	72	(3)
Line Functions	72	(2)
Staff Administrative Functions	74	(1)
Auxiliary Service Functions	74	(1)
Conclusion	75	(1)
Questions for Review	75	(1)
Key Terms	76	(1)
Bibliography	76	(1)
CHAPTER 5 THE ART AND STYLE OF PROACTIVE POLICE LEADERSHIP	77	(28)
Proactive Leadership	78	(3)
Talent	78	(2)
Experience	80	(1)
Training Education	81	(1)
Importance of Management Skills	81	(2)
Management Styles	83	(17)
Total Quality Management	84	(3)
Reengineering	87	(2)
Herzberg's Eternal Triangle	89	(1)
Katz's Three Skills Approach	89	(2)
Maslow's Need Hierarchy	91	(2)
Herzberg's Hygiene Motivators Approach to Job Satisfaction	93	(2)
McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y	95	(1)
Theory Z and Police Management	96	(1)
Tannenbaum and Schmidt's Leadership Patterns	97	(1)
Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid	98	(2)
Conclusion	100	(1)
Questions for Review	101	(1)
Key Terms	102	(1)
Bibliography	102	(3)
CHAPTER 6 POLICE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT: COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS	105	(40)
Communications Defined	106	(2)
Encoding Decoding: The Meaning of Meaning	108	(1)
Feedback	109	(3)
Who Communicates to Whom and How	110	(2)
Obstacles to Communication	112	(2)
The Johari Window	114	(2)
Operational Communications	116	(3)
Types of Orders	116	(2)
The Effectively Organized Directive	118	(1)
The Duty Manual	119	(4)
Proactive Communication Model	123	(2)
Microcomputer and Mainframe Applications to Information Management	125	(16)
Computer-Aided Dispatch	127	(2)
Mobil Digital Communications	129	(2)
Automatic Vehicle Monitoring	131	(1)
911	132	(4)
National Crime Information Center	136	(1)
Automated Regional Justice Information System	136	(2)
The Paperless Police Department	138	(1)
New Technologies for Police Managers	139	(1)
Proactive Management Based Information System (PMBIS)	140	(1)
Conclusion	141	(1)
Questions for Review	142	(1)
Key Terms	142	(1)
Bibliography	143	(2)
SECTION III OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS	145	(72)
CHAPTER 7 BASIC LINE FUNCTIONS	145	(38)
Generalistic-Specialist Controversy	146	(2)
Traffic	148	(1)
Effective Management in Traffic Matters	149	(1)
Vice	149	(4)
Youth Services and Juvenile Aid Units	153	(10)
Background	154	(1)
Role of Juvenile Aid	155	(2)
Juvenile Recordkeeping	157	(1)
Personnel Selection for Juvenile Aid	157	(1)
Organization of Juvenile Aid Operations	158	(1)
Model Youth Programs	159	(3)
Police Youth Program Potpourri	162	(1)
Investigations	163	(12)
Preliminary Investigations	165	(1)
Follow-up Investigations	166	(1)
Traditional Structure	167	(1)
The Rand Study	168	(1)
Managing Criminal Investigations	169	(6)
Targeting Law Enforcement Resources on the Career Criminal	175	(3)
Conclusion	178	(1)
Questions for Review	179	(1)
Class Project	180	(1)
Key Terms	180	(1)
Bibliography	180	(3)
CHAPTER 8 PATROL OPERATIONS	183	(34)
The Traditional Model	184	(1)
The Kansas City Studies	185	(1)
Rethinking the Traditional Model	186	(9)
Preventive Patrol	187	(1)
Calls for Service	188	(2)
Administrative Tasks	190	(1)
Directed Patrol	191	(2)
Foot Patrol	193	(1)
Bicycle Patrol	194	(1)
Team Policing	195	(4)
History of Team Policing	195	(1)
Positive Aspects of Team Policing	196	(1)
Team Policing and Tactical Patrol	196	(1)
Team Policing and Organizational Models	197	(1)
In Memorium: Team Policing	198	(1)
Problem-Oriented Policing	199	(2)
Community-Oriented Policing	201	(1)
Traditional and Community-Oriented Policing Compared	202	(1)
Implementation of Community-Oriented Policing	203	(5)
Seattle: Successful Implementation of Community Policing	205	(1)
Community Policing in Chicago	206	(1)
Community Policing in Houston	207	(1)
The Neighborhood Service Team in Garland, Texas	207	(1)
Community Policing in Baltimore	208	(1)
Recommendations Concerning the Implementation of Community Policing	208	(1)
Hot Spots	209	(2)
Conclusion	211	(1)
Questions for Review	211	(1)
Key Terms	212	(1)
Bibliography	212	(5)
SECTION IV MANAGING THE POLICE ORGANIZATION	217	(162)
CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF FUNCTIONS	217	(24)
Line Staff Conflict and Cooperation	218	(2)
Community Relations	220	(7)
Personnel for Community Relations	222	(1)
Functions of the Community Relations Unit	222	(4)
The Community Relations Officer	226	(1)
The Legal Advisor	227	(2)
Professional Standards	229	(8)
Anticorruption Programs	230	(2)
Managing the Professional Standards Internal Affairs Unit	232	(1)
Disciplinary Actions	233	(3)
Excessive Force	236	(1)
Conclusion	237	(1)
Questions for Review	238	(1)
Key Terms	239	(1)
Bibliography	239	(2)
CHAPTER 10 AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS	241	(27)
Communications	241	(4)
Consolidation	243	(1)
Communications Personnel	243	(1)
Personal Attributes	244	(1)
Records	245	(4)
Enter the Computer Age	246	(1)
Storage of Records	247	(1)
Security, Sealing, Purging, and Public Access to Records	247	(2)
Property Section	249	(2)
Inventory Control	250	(1)
Continuity of Evidence	250	(1)
Found Property	251	(1)
Vehicle Maintenance	251	(3)
Personal Patrol Car	253	(1)
Physical Plant Maintenance	254	(3)
Temporary Detection Facility	256	(1)
License Section	257	(1)
The Crime Laboratory	257	(6)
Computers and Fingerprints	262	(1)
Ancillary Public Safety Services	263	(1)
Conclusion	264	(1)
Questions for Review	265	(1)
Key Terms	266	(1)
Bibliography	266	(2)
CHAPTER 11 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT	268	(45)
Personnel: The Major Cost	269	(1)
Police Civil Service Selection: Historical Background	269	(1)
Public Service Employment	269	(3)
Equal Employment Opportunity	272	(1)
Affirmative Action	273	(3)
The End of Affirmative Action?	276	(1)
The Role of the Police Personnel Officer	277	(1)
Personnel Selection: Issues and Concerns	278	(15)
Written Tests	278	(1)
Age	279	(1)
Physical Fitness	279	(5)
The Background Investigation	284	(1)
Residency	285	(1)
Psychological Testing	286	(2)
Lateral Entry	288	(1)
Polygraph Testing	289	(1)
The Interview	290	(1)
College Education Requirements	291	(1)
The Assessment Center	292	(1)
Recruitment Techniques	293	(4)
Toward a Rational Model of Police Selection	294	(1)
New Police Recruitment Selection Model	295	(2)
Other Personnel Issues	297	(7)
Sexual Harassment	297	(1)
Drug Testing	298	(4)
Public Police and Private Police	302	(2)
Stress Management	304	(5)
Employee Assistance Programs	308	(1)
Conclusion	309	(1)
Questions for Review	310	(1)
Class Projects	310	(1)
Key Terms	311	(1)
Bibliography	311	(2)
CHAPTER 12 TRAINING POLICIES	313	(34)
Historical Perspectives	313	(1)
General Need for Training	314	(3)
Common Deficiencies in Current Training Programs	315	(2)
Where and When is Basic Training Undertaken?	317	(3)
Field Training for Police Officers	318	(1)
The Importance of Training to Police Managers	319	(1)
1973 Task Force on Police Recommendations	320	(1)
Project STAR	321	(3)
STAR Recommendations	322	(2)
Changes in the Training Curriculum: 1952-Present	324	(2)
Topical Issues in Training	326	(6)
Phase Approach to Training	332	(7)
Phase I Recruit Training	332	(1)
Phase II Intermediate Training	333	(1)
Phase III Advanced Training	333	(1)
Phase IV Developmental Training	333	(1)
Phase V Specialist Training	334	(1)
Phase VI Supervisory Training	334	(4)
Phase VII Management Training	338	(1)
Civil Liability and Training	339	(3)
Conclusion	342	(1)
Questions for Review	343	(1)
Class Projects	344	(1)
Key Terms	344	(1)
Bibliography	345	(2)
CHAPTER 13 PROACTIVE PLANNING: OPERATIONAL AND FISCAL	347	(32)
Planning Defined	347	(2)
Significance of Planning	349	(1)
Need for Planning Officer(s) or a Planning Unit	350	(1)
Steps in the Planning Process	351	(4)
Types of Plans	355	(19)
Long-Range Administrative Management Plans	355	(2)
Fiscal Planning	357	(1)
Types of Budgets	357	(7)
Supplementing the Police Budget	364	(2)
Short-Range Plans	366	(5)
Contingency Plans	371	(1)
Emergency Mobilizations	372	(1)
Police Response to Special Populations: Networking	373	(1)
Conclusion	374	(1)
Questions for Review	375	(1)
Class Projects	376	(1)
Key Terms	376	(1)
Bibliography	376	(3)
SECTION V THE FUTURE: COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT	379	(36)
CHAPTER 14 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND POLICE MANAGEMENT	379	(22)
Collective Bargaining Defined	379	(1)
History of Police Unionism	380	(2)
Police Unions Today	382	(5)
Major Police Union Organizations	385	(2)
Management Rights and Collective Bargaining: A Dilemma	387	(1)
The Collective Bargaining Process	388	(6)
Contract Administration	391	(3)
Fair Labor Standards Act	394	(1)
The Police Strike	394	(2)
Conclusion	396	(1)
Questions for Review	397	(1)
Class Project	398	(2)
Key Terms	400	(1)
Bibliography	400	(1)
CHAPTER 15 THE FUTURE OF PROACTIVE POLICE MANAGEMENT	401	(14)
A Scenario for the Near Future	401	(1)
Anticipating the Proactive Police Universe	402	(2)
The Proactive Police Response	403	(1)
Police Department Considerations	404	(1)
The Jurisdictional Dilemma	405	(2)
Technology	407	(1)
Personnel Practices	408	(2)
Conclusion	410	(2)
Proactive Community Policing in the 21st Century	410	(1)
Proactive Rural Policing	410	(1)
The Proactive Community Policing Management Model	410	(2)
Questions for Review	412	(1)
Key Terms	412	(1)
Bibliography	412	(3)
INDEX	415