Prose Models

by LEVIN

Edition:

10th

ISBN13:

9780155021679

ISBN10:

0155021672

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

8/15/1995

Publisher(s):

Wadsworth Publishing

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Prose Models

Preface

iii

To the Student: How to Use this Book

Contents by Theme

xxi

PART 1 ORGANIZING THE ESSAY

(100)

Introduction: The Essay and the Paragraph

(4)

Topic Sentence, Thesis, and Unity

(29)

Topic Sentence and Unity in the Paragraph

(1)

The Shape of the River

(3)

Mark Twain

A cub pilot learns to navigate a riverboat on the Mississippi

Loma Vista Drive

(2)

James Stevenson

A steep suburban Los Angeles road has ``a runaway vehicle escape lane''

Thesis and Unity in the Essay

(1)

Shooting an Elephant

(10)

George Orwell

A British police inspector in Burma makes a discovery about colonial governments

A Well in India

(5)

Peggy

Pierre Streit

A woman challenges tradition in a rural Indian village

Velva, North Dakota

(7)

Erick Sevareid

The author discovers that life in his midwestern hometown has changed

Main and Subordinate Ideas

(14)

The Paragraph

(1)

Queen Victoria at the End of Her Life

(3)

Lytton Strachey

Queen Victoria mourned her dead husband in unusual ways

The Essay

(1)

The Blast Furnace

(4)

Sally Carrighar

The author learned truths about life on Sunday afternoon walks with her father

Why Did I Ever Play Football?

(5)

David Holahan

The author explains why he enjoyed playing college football

Order of Ideas

(17)

The Paragraph

(1)

Rome, on Two Wheels

(3)

Alan Cowell

``The first thing that happens when you ride a motorcycle in Rome is that you wish you hadn't''

The Essay

(1)

In an Elevator

(2)

E. B. White

``In an elevator, ascending with strangers to familiar heights, the breath congeals, the body stiffens, the spirit marks time''

The Purpose of Lifting

(5)

Leonard Kriegel

A man crippled by polio explains why he lifts weights

Marrying Absurd

(5)

Joan Didion

Young people who marry in Las Vegas have strange expectations

Beginning, Middle, and End

(12)

Mountain Day

(5)

Susan Allen Toth

On a holiday in the fall the author and other students at a New England college bike into the countryside

Hearing the Sweetest Songs

(5)

Nicolette Toussaint

Not hearing can be funny, or frustrating. And once in a while, it can be the cause of something truly transcendent''

Transitions

(22)

Communication

(3)

Lewis Thomas

Human language is different from that of other species in important ways

Nonnie

(4)

Mary E. Mebane

The author remembers her mother and the rhythms of North Carolina rural life

In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens

(14)

Alice Walker

``What did it mean for a black woman to be an artist in our grandmothers' time?''

PART 2 DESCRIPTION, NARRATION, EXPOSITION

101

(154)

Introduction

103

(2)

Description

105

(23)

The Pawnee Universe

106

(5)

Ray A. Williamson

In traditional societies like that of the Pawnee, the sky gives order to life

Rainy Mountain

111

(9)

N. Scott Momaday

An American Indian returns to Oklahoma to visit the grave of his Kiowan grandmother

The Barrio

120

(8)

Ronald Takaki

Chicanos have created a Mexican-American world in the barrios of the United States

Narration

128

(19)

Rowing on the Ocean

128

(7)

Paul Theroux

The author faces rough water rowing a skiff off Cape Cod

A Summer Trip

135

(4)

Eudora Welty

``Riding behind my father I could see that the road had him by the shoulders, by the hair under his driving cap. It took my mother to make him stop''

The American Invasion of Macun

139

(8)

Esmeralda Santiago

Experts come to a rural Puerto Rican community to give instructions on healthy living

Example

147

(10)

New York

147

(2)

E. B. White

New York is too implausible a city to work, and yet it does

Thursday Morning in a New York Subway Station

149

(3)

Tom Wolfe

Young lovers embrace during the morning rush hour at a New York City Subway station

Discipline-To What End?

152

(5)

Margaret Mead

Rhoda Metraux

Two anthropologists investigate the ways children are disciplined in different cultures

Classification and Division

157

(13)

Kinds of Discipline

158

(5)

John Holt

Children learn from the disciplines of Superior Force, Culture, and Nature

The Newspaper

163

(3)

Allan Nevins

The accuracy of a newspaper depends on the kind of information it reports

Hoppers

166

(4)

Garrison Keillor

People hop over water on a New York City street

Definition

170

(22)

Old-Growth Forests

171

(6)

Catherine Caufield

The old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest have a natural life cycle

Crime

177

(3)

Lawrence M. Friedman

Not all harmful or evil acts are crimes

The Sooners

180

(3)

Philip Hamburger

The word Sooner reflects the history and values of contemporary Oklahoma

``Manly'' and ``Womanly''

183

(4)

Casey Miller

Kate Swift

The dictionary definitions of manly and womanly reveal American attitudes toward men and women

The Underclass

187

(5)

Herbert J. Gans

The term underclass encourages us to blame poor people for their poverty

Comparison and Contrast

192

(22)

Reading and Television

193

(3)

Marie Winn

Television controls the experience of the viewer

The Athlete and the Gazelle

196

(3)

J. Bronowski

Unlike the animal, the athlete is not under the control of the immediate physical environment

The English and the Americans

199

(4)

Edward T. Hall

The English and the Americans have different attitudes toward privacy

Seniors-Teener, A New Hybrid

203

(4)

Dorothy Noyes

Seniors and teenagers may not look alike, but they have much in common

The Pen and the Scalpel

207

(7)

Richard Selzer

A writer and surgeon discovers similarities in his twin vocations

Analogy

214

(13)

What Makes a Writer

215

(2)

Loren Eiseley

The writer's brain is like an artist's hidden storehouse of pictures

The Cosmic Prison

217

(4)

Loren Eiseley

Time and space limit our exploration of the universe

The Education of a Physicist

221

(6)

Michio Kaku

Early experiences encouraged the author to become a theoretical physicist

Process

227

(12)

Outdoor Cooking

227

(5)

Jearl Walker

The author describes several ways of cooking food outdoors

How the Spider Spins Its Web

232

(3)

John Richards

The orb-webs of the spider are intricate in construction

Bags in Trees

235

(4)

Ian Frazier

A New Yorker finds a way to retrieve plastic bags from trees in his neighborhood

Cause and Effect

239

(16)

The Telephone

239

(3)

John Brooks

The telephone is a paradoxical invention

Why Nothing Works

242

(3)

Marvin Harris

Modern industrial society is responsible for why nothing works

The Growth of Cities

245

(10)

James Trefil

New kinds of transportation influenced the growth of the cities

PART 3 ARGUMENT AND PERSUASION

255

(206)

Inductive Reasoning

257

(59)

Experience and Observation

258

(1)

Max into Maximilian

259

(3)

Vicki Hearne

A remarkable dog guides a blind and deaf woman

Revenge Theory

262

(12)

Edward Tenner

``The world we have created seems to be getting even, twisting our cleverness against us.''

The Right to Fail

274

(5)

William Zinsser

Failure is an integral part of growing up and becoming educated

Wait a Minute

279

(4)

Ellen Goodman

``In public, people swing beliefs at each other like fists. The audience is expected to identify a hero and a villain''

Analogy

283

(1)

The Warfare in the Forest Is Not Wanton

284

(3)

Brooks Atkinson

Warfare in the forest is unlike human warfare

The End of Education

287

(4)

John Henry Newman

Like bodily health, education is good for its own sake

The Triumph of the Yell

291

(1)

Deborah Tannen

``If public discourse is a fight, every issue must have two sides-no more, no less.''

Cause and Effect

291

(6)

Who Killed Benny Paret?

297

(3)

Norman Cousins

The death of a prizefighter raises questions about causes

The Not-So-Mighty Tube

300

(5)

George F. Will

Television exerts less influence on our lives than many think

Statistical Lives

305

(3)

Alan Wertheimer

Must we turn our backs on the needy people of today to meet the needs of people in the future?

Why Save Tropical Rain Forests?

308

(3)

Roger D. Stone

We must save tropical rain forests from destruction

Students and Drugs

311

(5)

Herbert Hendin

Abuse of drugs is the most dramatic expression of student unhappiness

Deductive Reasoning

316

(34)

Reflections on War

319

(6)

H. L. Mencken

War is difficult to eradicate because it serves human needs

The Limits of Relevance

325

(3)

Kenneth B. Clark

Education is relevant to nothing but itself

When Pornography and Free Speech Collide

328

(3)

Ellen Goodman

A Minneapolis ordinance designed to combat pornography raises questions about free speech and censorship

Some Thoughts on the Exploitation of Nonhuman Animals

331

(10)

Jane Goodall

The author weighs the argument against the use of animals in biomedical and other research

Final Exams Discourage True Learning

341

(5)

Karl L. Schilling

Karen Maitland Schilling

``Many of our current testing practices, particularly final exams, encourage the development of academic bulimia: binge-and-purge learning.''

Who Deserved the Death Penalty?

346

(4)

William Raspberry

Should a judge consider social advantages and disadvantages in sentencing criminals?

Controversy

350

(39)

Women and Combat

350

(2)

Unbecoming in a Woman?

352

(6)

Antonia Fraser

A historian examines the belief that women are unfit for military combat

The Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in the Armed Forces

*Ground Combat

358

(6)

*Dissent on Ground Combat

364

(6)

Four presidential commissioners dissent from the majority recommendation to exclude women from ground combat

Woman and Combat

370

(3)

David H. Hackworth

Courage and professionalism are not the issue in the debate over women in combat

Women in the Wild Blue Yonder

373

(4)

Elaine Tyler May

Those opposed to women in combat sidestep important issues

Legalizing Drugs

377

(1)

Prohibition and Drugs

377

(3)

Mark H. Moore

Prohibition is misunderstood in analogies with the drug war

The Case for Medicalizing Heroin

380

(4)

Alan M. Dershowitz

Medicalizing heroin would cut drug-related crime and save lives without creating new addicts

Legalize Drugs?

384

(5)

Charles B. Rangel

Legalizing drugs would neither reduce crime nor attack the root causes of drug use

Interpretation of Evidence

389

(43)

The New Homeless of the 1970s and 1980s

390

(18)

Peter H. Rossi

A sociologist and demographer seeks the causes of recent homelessness in America

A New Look at the Homeless

408

(24)

Leanne G. Rivlin

An environmental psychologist examines the causes of homelessness from a different perspective

Methods of Persuasion

432

(29)

Order of Ideas in Persuasive Essays

433

(1)

``I Think I Will Not Forget This''

434

(5)

Hilary de Vries

A journalist talks with a woman in a Boston shelter for the homeless

Homeless

439

(3)

Anna Quindlen

``They are not the homeless. They are people who have no homes. No drawer that holds the spoons. No window to look out upon the world.''

Who Am I?

442

(3)

Anonymous

Most Americans are ignorant of the history of Mexican-Americans and their contribution to American society

Waste

445

(4)

Wendell Berry

``Our waste problem is not the fault only of producers''

A Modest Proposal

449

(12)

Jonathan Swift

A patriot and friend of the Irish poor proposes a way to relieve poverty and reduce the surplus population

PART 4 MATTERS OF STYLE: DICTION

461

(62)

Introduction

463

(2)

Usage

465

(10)

In the Land of ``Coke-Cola''

466

(4)

William Least Heat-Moon

A visitor orders the $4.50 special in a rural Georgia restaurant

Newsweek Being Cool

470

(5)

A young man becomes the ``guru of cool'' in a 1950s Ohio town.

Tone

475

(10)

Osu!

476

(5)

Mark Singer

Eight-year-old Joshua Feldman has a karate-birthday-party.

Surfing

481

(4)

William Finnegan

``It's a clean takeoff: a sudden sense of height fusing with a deep surge of speed.''

Imagery

485

(5)

The Rocky Shores

485

(5)

Rachel Carson

Walking through an evergreen forest to a rocky seacoast has a special enchantment.

Concreteness

490

(9)

Mortality

491

(3)

Bailey White

``So now I have two cars. I call them my new car and my real car. Most of the time I drive my new car. But on some days I go out to the barn and get in my real car.''

The Vinyl Santa

494

(5)

Lillian Ross

Modern invention has given Christmas a new sound and look.

Figurative Language

499

(11)

Resonance

500

(5)

K. C. Cole

The author explores the many kinds of resonance.

Watching a Night Launch of the Space Shuttle

505

(5)

Diane Ackerman

The space shuttle expresses a human aspiration.

Euphemism and Jargon

510

(13)

Learning the Language

511

(5)

Perri Klass

During her first months working in a hospital, a medical student learns the special language of doctors.

Little Red Riding Hood Revisited

516

(4)

Russell Baker

The author translates a classic tale into ``the modern American language.''

Prose Models

9780155021679

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