Psychological Testing Theory and Applications

by Janda, Louis H.

• ISBN13: 9780205194346
• ISBN10: 0205194346
• Edition: Disk
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1997-12-16
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

This new book is the first psychological testing book to devote over 40% of its coverage to psychometric theory. In a detailed account, the author explains why measurement is critical to all sub-areas of psychology-from developing psychologists to educational psychologists to experimental psychologists. The book unfolds with coverage of the specialty areas in psychology. Secondly, it discusses the extent to which tests are actually used. By utilizing this book, readers will gain an appreciation and understanding of how psychological tests impact society. Topics include: measurement and statistics; norms and the meaning of test scores; validity; item analysis; test construction; and more. Developing and seasoned psychologists.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
1 An Introduction to Psychological Testing	1	(20)
Learning Objectives	1	(1)
Historical Milestones in Psychological Testing	2	(5)
The Characteristics of Psychological Tests	7	(4)
Sources of Information about Tests	11	(1)
Psychological Testing and Ethics	12	(8)
Summary	20	(1)
2 Measurement and Statistics	21	(20)
Learning Objectives	21	(1)
Scales of Measurement	22	(3)
Statistics	25	(13)
Summary	38	(3)
3 Norms and the Meaning of Test Scores	41	(16)
Learning Objectives	41	(1)
Types of Norms	42	(6)
Fixed Reference Group	48	(2)
Criterion-Referenced Testing	50	(3)
Evaluating Information about Norms	53	(2)
Summary	55	(2)
4 Reliability	57	(22)
Learning Objectives	57	(1)
Test Score Theory	58	(1)
Test-Retest Reliability	59	(3)
Alternate Form Reliability	62	(1)
Measures of Internal Consistency	63	(5)
Inter-Scorer Reliability	68	(1)
The Standard Error of Measurement	69	(2)
The Standard Error of the Difference	71	(1)
Reliability and the Nature of the Sample	72	(3)
Reliability and Validity	75	(1)
Summary	76	(3)
5 Validity	79	(19)
Learning Objectives	79	(1)
Content-Related Validity	80	(3)
Criterion-Related Validity	83	(5)
Construct Validity	88	(5)
Is It All Construct Validity?	93	(1)
Face Validity	94	(2)
Summary	96	(2)
6 Interpreting Validity Coefficients and Decision Making	98	(23)
Learning Objectives	98	(1)
The Standard Error of Estimate	99	(2)
Restricted Ranges	101	(2)
Nonlinear Relationships	103	(4)
Combining Information from Several Tests	107	(5)
Using Tests to Make Decisions	112	(6)
Summary	118	(3)
7 Item Analysis	121	(22)
Learning Objectives	121	(1)
Difficulty Level	121	(3)
Item Discriminability	124	(10)
Item Response Theory	134	(6)
Summary	140	(3)
8 Test Construction	143	(17)
Learning Objectives	143	(1)
Writing Items	144	(2)
Constructing a Psychological Test	146	(1)
Approaches to Test Construction	147	(11)
Summary	158	(2)
9 Individual Tests of Intelligence	160	(27)
Learning Objectives	160	(1)
The Stanford-Binet	161	(3)
Administration and Scoring of the Stanford-Binet	164	(4)
The Wechsler Intelligence Scales	168	(9)
The Wide Range Achievement Test 3 (WRAT3)	177	(1)
Measure of Infant Intelligence	177	(3)
Alternative Measures of Intelligence	180	(2)
Resuming the Search for Faculties	182	(1)
Why Measure Intelligence?	183	(2)
Summary	185	(2)
10 Group Ability Tests	187	(20)
Learning Objectives	187	(1)
Achievement, Aptitude, and Intelligence Tests	188	(1)
Group Intelligence Tests	189	(3)
Achievement Tests	192	(5)
Aptitude Tests	197	(7)
Coaching and Performance on Tests on Academic Ability	204	(1)
Summary	205	(2)
11 Issues in Ability Testing	207	(23)
Learning Objectives	207	(1)
The Structure of Intelligence	208	(6)
Bias and Fairness in Ability Testing	214	(7)
Culture-Fair Tests	221	(7)
Summary	228	(2)
12 Measures of Interests, Attitudes, and Values	230	(24)
Learning Objectives	230	(1)
Measures of Interests	231	(7)
Measures of Attitudes	238	(7)
Measures of Values	245	(7)
Summary	252	(2)
13 Structured Measures of Personality	254	(26)
Learning Objectives	254	(1)
The MMPI	255	(7)
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III	262	(2)
The California Psychological Inventory	264	(2)
Personality Tests for Children	266	(2)
Factor Analysis and Personality Tests	268	(8)
Why Not Just Ask?	276	(1)
Final Thoughts about Structured Personality Tests	277	(1)
Summary	278	(2)
14 Projective Tests and Clinical Assessment	280	(22)
Learning Objectives	280	(1)
The Rorschach	281	(4)
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)	285	(4)
The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test	289	(5)
Drawing Techniques	294	(4)
The Rotter Incomplete Sentences Blank	298	(1)
The Clinical Test Battery	298	(2)
Summary	300	(2)
15 Testing in Business and Industry	302	(23)
Learning Objectives	302	(1)
Predicting Performance	303	(10)
Criterion Measurement	313	(6)
Legal Issues in Employment Testing	319	(5)
Summary	324	(1)
16 Alternative Approaches to Assessment	325	(22)
Learning Objectives	325	(1)
Behavioral Approaches to Assessment	325	(11)
Physiological Methods of Assessment	336	(6)
Assessment of Environments	342	(3)
Summary	345	(2)
17 Neuropsychological Assessment and Testing Special Populations	347	(22)
Learning Objectives	347	(2)
General Screening Tests	349	(3)
Neuropsychological Tests	352	(6)
Neuropsychological Test Batteries	358	(5)
Testing Special Populations	363	(4)
Summary	367	(2)
18 A Few Thoughts about Tests, Society, and the Future	369	(12)
Learning Objectives	369	(1)
Tests of Cognitive Ability	370	(2)
Testing in Clinical Psychology	372	(2)
Testing in Education	374	(3)
Testing in Business and Industry	377	(2)
The Relevance of Psychological Testing	379	(2)
Appendixes	381	(26)
Computerized Tutorial for Students	407	(11)
Introduction	407	(1)
Getting Started	408	(2)
Overview of the Testing Tutor	410	(1)
Exercises in the Testing Tutor	411	(5)
The Computerized Study Guide	416	(2)
References	418	(32)
Index	450