Refining Composition Skills : Rhetoric and Grammar for ESL Students

by Regina L. Smalley; Mary K. Ruetten

Edition:

4th

ISBN13:

9780838452103

ISBN10:

0838452108

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

1/26/1995

Publisher(s):

CENGAGE ELT

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Summary

This fourth edition continues to integrate instruction in rhetorical devices with practice in acquiring relevant grammatical structures.

UNIT ONE: THE PARAGRAPH

The Writing Process

(10)

Prewriting

(6)

Generating Ideas

(1)

Keeping a Journal

(1)

Invention Techniques

(1)

Brainstorming

(1)

Freewriting

(1)

WH- Questions

(1)

Clustering

(2)

Planning

(1)

Drafting

(1)

Revising

(2)

Revising

(1)

Editing

(2)

Introduction to the Paragraph

(27)

The Topic of a Paragraph

(5)

Prewriting: Planning

(3)

The Topic Sentence

(8)

Improving the Topic Sentence

(2)

Recognizing the Topic Sentence

(2)

Formulating the Topic Sentence

(1)

Prewriting: Generating Ideas

(2)

Support

(3)

Prewriting: Planning

(3)

Unity

(2)

Coherence

(5)

Composition Skills

(3)

Revision

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Paragraph

(1)

The Narrative Paragraph

(19)

Readings: Personal Reflections

(7)

``The Best Part,'' Mary Kay Mackin

(1)

``Primer Class,'' Elizabeth Bishop

(2)

``The Struggle to Be an All-American Girl,'' Elizabeth Wong

(4)

Writing

(4)

Present Narration

(4)

Composition Skills

(3)

Coherence

(1)

Adverbials of Time and Sequence

(2)

Past Narration

(1)

Compositon Skills

(4)

Coherence

(1)

Adverbial Clauses of Time

(2)

Revision

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

(1)

Revision Checklist for the Narrative Paragraph

(1)

The Descriptive Paragraph

(25)

Reading: Important People, Important Places

(7)

``Uncle Kwok,'' Jade Snow Wong

(4)

from The Way to Rainy Mountain, N. Scott Momaday

(3)

Writing

(4)

Description of a Place

(4)

Composition Skills

(8)

Chorence

(1)

Adverbs of Place

(1)

Modification: Specific /Details

(1)

Description of a Person

(6)

Composition Skills

(5)

Coherence

(1)

Adjective Clauses

(2)

Revision

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Descriptive Paragraph

(1)

The Expository Paragraph

(35)

Reading: Arts and Entertainment

(7)

``Survival,'' Margaret Atwood

(3)

``Throught North African Eyes,'' Lynn Teo Simarski

(4)

Writing

(13)

Support of the Generalization

(1)

Specific Details

(4)

Examples

101

(4)

Illustrations and Anecdotes

105

(2)

Composition Skills

107

(14)

Coherence

107

(1)

Organization of Details and Examples

107

(3)

Transitional Words and Phrases

110

(6)

Revision

116

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

116

(1)

Revisoin Checklist for the Expository Paragraph

117

(4)

UNIT TWO: THE ESSAY

Introduction to the Essay

121

(28)

The Thesis Statement

121

(4)

The Introduction

125

(5)

Prewriting: Planning

126

(4)

The Development Paragraphs

130

(10)

Prewriting: Planning

131

(9)

The Conclusion

140

(3)

The Outline

143

(3)

Prewriting: Planning

143

(3)

Composition Skills

146

(3)

Revision

146

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

146

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Essay

148

(1)

The Example Essay

149

(30)

Reading: The Power of Culture and Language

150

(11)

``How Unwritten Rules Circumscribe Our Lives,'' Bob Greene

150

(5)

``Americanization Is Tough on `Macho,'' Rose Del Castillo Guilbault

155

(6)

Writing

161

(7)

Number of Examples

161

(3)

Choice of Examples

164

(4)

Composition Skills

168

(11)

Coherence

168

(1)

Organization of Examples

168

(1)

Transitions Between Paragraphs

168

(8)

Revision

176

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

176

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Example Essay

178

(1)

The Comparison and Contrast Essay

179

(35)

Reading: Styles of Communication

180

(11)

``Conversational Ballgames,'' Nancy Masterson Sakamoto

180

(5)

``Intimacy and Independence,'' Deborah Tannen

185

(6)

Writing

191

(11)

Points of Comparison

192

(1)

Emphasis on Comparison or Contrast

193

(1)

Patterns of Organization

193

(9)

Composition Skills

202

(12)

Coherence

202

(1)

Transitions for Comparison and Contrast

202

(9)

Revision

211

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

211

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Comparison and Contrast Essay

213

(1)

The Classification Essay

214

(33)

Reading: A Healthy Society

215

(13)

``Three Kinds of Fatigue,'' Jane Brody

215

(7)

``A Very Short History of Some American Drugs Familiar to Everybody,'' Adam Smith

222

(6)

Writing

228

(9)

The Principle of Classification

229

(3)

Making the Classification Complete

232

(1)

Organizing the Classification Essay

233

(1)

Introducing the Categories

233

(4)

Compositoin Skills

237

(10)

Introductory Paragraphs

237

(1)

The Turnabout

237

(1)

Coherence

238

(1)

Transitions for Classification

238

(5)

Revision

243

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

243

(2)

Revision Checklist for the Classification Essay

245

(2)

The Process Analysis Essay

247

(31)

Reading: The World of Work

248

(13)

From the Dark Child, Camara Laye

248

(8)

``Portraits of a Cop,'' N. r. Kleinfield

256

(5)

Writing

261

(10)

Planning the Process Analysis Essay

262

(3)

Organizing the Process Analysis Essay

265

(6)

Composition Skills

271

(7)

Introdction Paragraphs

271

(1)

The Dramatic Entrance

271

(2)

Coherence

273

(1)

Participial Phrases

273

(1)

Revision

274

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

274

(3)

Revision Checklist for the Process Analysis Essay

277

(1)

The Cause-and-Effect Analysis Essay

278

(39)

Readings: Parents, Children, and Society

279

(7)

``Lift Your Feet,'' Andrew Ward

279

(2)

``Why They Excel,'' Fox Butterfield

281

(5)

Writing

286

(18)

Multiple Causes → Effect

287

(3)

Organizing the Causal Analysis Essay

290

(2)

The Thesis Statement for the Causal Analysis Essay

292

(2)

A Problem in Reasoning

294

(1)

Cause → Multiple Effects

295

(2)

Organizing the Effect Analysis Essay

297

(1)

The Thesis Statement for the Affect Analysis Essay

298

(2)

The Causal Chain

300

(4)

Composition Skills

304

(13)

Introductory Paragraphs

304

(1)

The Dramatic Entrance

304

(3)

The Relevant Quotation

307

(2)

Cohrence

309

(1)

Transitions and Expressions for Cause and Effect

309

(4)

Revision

313

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

313

(3)

Revision Checklist for the Cause-and-Effect Analysis Essay

316

(1)

The Argumentative Essay

317

(169)

Reading: Problems, Issues, and Solutions

318

(6)

``Bilinguslism's Goal,'' Barbara Mujica

318

(3)

``The Bounty of the Sea,'' Jacques Cousteau

321

(3)

Writing

324

(22)

The Argumentative Thesis: Taking a Stand

324

(2)

The Opposition: Knowing What You Are Up Against

326

(2)

Arguing Your Case: The Logic Behind Your Reasons

328

Explaining and Supporting the Reasons

225

(116)

Planning the Argumentative Essay

341

(2)

Organizing the Argumentative Essay

343

(3)

Compositon Skills

346

(8)

Choerence Review

346

(4)

Revision

350

(1)

Peer Review Checklist

350

(1)

Revision Checklist for the Argumentative Essay

351

(3)

UNIT THREE: GRAMMAR REVIEW

Each grammar section coordinates with the chapter given in parentheses.

Adjectives

354

(7)

Adjectives (4)

354

(1)

Participles as Adjectives (4)

355

(3)

Adjective Clauses Reduced to Participial Phrases (9)

358

(3)

Adverbials

361

(9)

Adverbs of Place (4)

361

(1)

Adverbials of Time and Sequence (3)

362

(1)

Prepositions in Time Expressions (3)

363

(3)

Adverbial Clauses of Time Reduced to Participial Phrases (10)

366

(4)

Articles

370

(11)

Definite and Idenfinite Articles (5)

370

(5)

Articles with Quantifiers (5)

375

(5)

Articles with Count and Noncount Nouns (11)

380

(1)

Clauses

381

(27)

Adjective Clauses (4)

381

(1)

Adjective Clause Subordinators (4)

382

(5)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (3)

387

(4)

Adverbial Clauses of Comparison, Contrast, and Concession (8)

391

(5)

Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (10)

396

(2)

Adverbial Clauses of Cause and Result (11)

398

(3)

Noun Clauses

401

(1)

Noun Clauses Derived from Statements (7)

401

(2)

Noun Clauses Derived from Questions (7)

403

(2)

Subjective Noun Clauses (!2)

405

(3)

Comparisons

408

(6)

Indicators of Equality or Similarity (8)

408

(2)

Indicators of Inequality (8)

410

(4)

Correlative Conjunctions (9)

414

(4)

Gerunds and Infinitives

418

(8)

Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects (7)

418

(3)

Gerunds and Infinitives as Objects (7)

421

(3)

Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions (70

424

(2)

Verb/Tense System

426

(33)

The Simple Present vs. the Present Progressive (3)

426

(5)

The Simple Past vs. the Past Progressive and the Past Perfect (3)

431

(9)

The Present Perfect vs. the Simple Past (5)

440

(3)

Adverbials Used with the Present Perfect and the Simple Past Tenses (5)

443

(5)

The Passive Voice vs. the Active Voice (4)

448

(5)

Conditionals

453

(1)

Real Conditions (10)

453

(2)

Unreal Conditions (11)

455

(4)

APPENDIXES

Appendix I

459

(2)

The Definite Article with Place Names

459

(1)

The Definite Article with Other Proper Nouns

460

(1)

Appendix II

461

(11)

Puncuation Problems

461

(1)

Rules for Punctuation

462

(10)

Appendix II

472

(2)

Rules for Capitalization

472

(2)

Appendix IV

474

(3)

Noun Plurals

474

(3)

Appendix V

477

(4)

Subject-Verb Agreement

477

(4)

Appendix VI

481

(5)

Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs

481

(3)

Problem Verbs

484

(2)

Appendix VII

486

(1)

Verbs and Their Complements

486

Refining Composition Skills : Rhetoric and Grammar for ESL Students

9780838452103

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