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Preface | p. xii |
Introduction: taking structure seriously | p. 1 |
What is a structure? | p. 1 |
The structure of scientific theories | p. 2 |
Mind the gap | p. 4 |
Model all the way | p. 6 |
Structure and model in economics | p. 7 |
The history and methodology of the consumption function | p. 8 |
Structure and its measurement in econometrics | p. 13 |
Frisch's legacy | p. 13 |
Three properties of an economic structure | p. 15 |
Haavelmo's structure | p. 16 |
Two views of structure | p. 18 |
Measurement and the knowledge of structure | p. 27 |
Theory, structure and models | p. 29 |
Representing the structure of scientific theories | p. 29 |
The received view | p. 32 |
The semantic view | p. 34 |
Two versions of the semantic view | p. 36 |
Theory of measurement | p. 40 |
Representational theory of measurement: representation theorems and uniqueness theorems | p. 41 |
Structure, representation, and invariance | p. 45 |
Concluding remarks | p. 47 |
Two strands of demand analysis | p. 49 |
Introduction | p. 49 |
Engel curves | p. 50 |
Richard Stone and measurement | p. 51 |
The linear expenditure system model | p. 52 |
A model for demand theory | p. 54 |
Models are representations | p. 56 |
Trygve Haavelmo and measuring the structure of the consumption function | p. 58 |
Introduction | p. 58 |
Haavelmo's three measurements | p. 60 |
Comparisons of empirical findings | p. 64 |
The probability approach and experimental design | p. 66 |
Structure and autonomy | p. 69 |
Structure and representation | p. 72 |
Concluding remarks | p. 74 |
Milton Friedman and the emergence of the permanent income hypothesis | p. 76 |
Groping in the dark | p. 76 |
Friedman's permanent income hypothesis | p. 77 |
Modelling income structure | p. 79 |
Permanent income hypothesis - budget studies | p. 83 |
Permanent income hypothesis - time-series data studies | p. 88 |
Discussion | p. 90 |
Concluding remarks | p. 93 |
Professor Hendry's econometric methodology reconsidered: congruence and structural empiricism | p. 96 |
The LSE approach | p. 96 |
Theoretical models and empirical models | p. 98 |
Congruence: the idea | p. 100 |
Theory of reduction | p. 102 |
The general-to-specific approach | p. 104 |
Case study: the DHSY model | p. 105 |
Hendry versus constructive empiricism | p. 109 |
Toward an empiricist methodology | p. 114 |
A structure of the consumption function | p. 116 |
Introduction | p. 116 |
Structural realism | p. 117 |
Structure of the consumption function | p. 119 |
Structural realist interpretation of the consumption function | p. 122 |
Structural realism and representation | p. 124 |
Realism about structure | p. 127 |
Concluding remarks | p. 130 |
Conclusion | p. 132 |
Notes | p. 135 |
Bibliography | p. 143 |
Index | p. 158 |
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