Science and the University

by Stephan, Paula E.; Ehrenberg, Ronald G.

• ISBN13: 9780299224806
• ISBN10: 0299224805
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-09-19
• Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Pr

Summary

Science and the Universityinvestigates the tremendous changes that have taken place in university research over the past several decades, gauging the current state of research in higher education and examining issues and challenges crucial to its future. Scientific research increasingly dominates the aims and agendas of many American universities, and this proliferation-and changes in the way research is conducted-has given rise to important questions about the interrelations of higher education, funding for scientific research, and government policy. The cost of doing science, the commercialization of university research, the changing composition and number of Ph.D. students, the effect of scientific research on other university programs-these are just a few of the many issues explored in this volume from the vantage points of scholars in such diverse fields as economics, biochemistry, genetics, and labor studies.

Author Biography

Paula E. Stephan is professor of economics at Georgia State University and coeditor of the two-volume Economics of Science and Innovation. Ronald G. Ehrenberg is the Irving M. Ives Professor of Industrial and Labor Relations and Economics and director of the Cornell Higher Education Research Institute at Cornell University and editor of What’s Happening to Public Higher Education.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Introduction: Science and the University	p. 3
Financing Science and Engineering Research
Who Bears the Growing Cost of Science at Universities?	p. 19
How Does the Government (Want to) Fund Science? Politics, Lobbying, and Academic Earmarks	p. 36
The Commercialization of Science
University Science Research Funding: Privatizing Policy and Practice	p. 55
Patterns of Research and Licensing Activity of Science and Engineering Faculty	p. 77
Commercialization and the Scientific Research Process: The Example of Plant Breeding	p. 94
Foreign Students and Scholars
The Importance of Foreign Ph.D. Students to U.S. Science	p. 113
Do Foreign Students Crowd Out Native Students from Graduate Programs?	p. 134
Foreign Scholars in U.S. Science: Contributions and Costs	p. 150
U.S.-Citizen Ph.D.s in Science and Engineering
The Changing Composition of U.S.-Citizen Ph.D.s	p. 177
Where Do New U.S.-Trained Science and Engineering Ph.D.s Come From?	p. 197
The Changing Competitiveness of U.S. Science and the Organization of Academic Science
Global Research Competition Affects Measured U.S. Academic Output	p. 223
The Workforce for Biomedical Research-Who Will Do the Work?	p. 243
Concluding Remarks: Looking to the Future	p. 259
References	p. 265
Contributors	p. 283
Index	p. 287
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