9780814661956

Liturgical scholars refer to Episcopal ordination as a two-stage process: election and consecration. Using early and medieval texts of the Roman Rite, Sharon L. McMillan, S.N.D. de N., demonstrates how this two-stage sacrament involved a consensus of the local See, neighboring Sees, metropolitan See, and eventually the apostolic See as critically important elements of the election. The same history also shows how one by one each of those voices fell silent, except for the papal, and how ordination has now become an act with only one stage: the consecration. If both election and consecration were originally vital elements of the sacrament, why aren't they now? How was the election stage lost in the liturgical tradition of the West? How might it be retrieved? Why would it be important for the life of the church to retrieve it? Episcopal Ordination and Ecclesial Consensus answers these questions and provides the liturgical basis for increasing interest in the election of bishops.

Sharon L. McMillan teaches sacramental theology and liturgy at St. Patrick's Seminary, Menlo Park, California.

Acknowledgments

x

Abbreviations

xii

Note to the Reader

xiv

Introduction

1

(13)

CHAPTER 1 The Roman Model of Episcopal Ordination

14

(37)

I. The Sacramentarium Veronense

14

(4)

A. The SVe and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

14

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

14

(2)

C. Conclusion

16

(2)

II. The Gregorian Sacramentary

18

(2)

A. GregH and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

18

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

18

(2)

C. Conclusion

20

(1)

III. Ordo Romanus XXXIV

20

(12)

A. OR34 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

20

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

21

(7)

C. Conclusion

28

(4)

IV. Ordo Romanus XXXV

32

(7)

A. OR35 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

32

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

33

(3)

C. Conclusion

36

(3)

V. Ordo Romanus XXXVI

39

(12)

A. OR36 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

39

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

40

(3)

C. Conclusion

43

(8)

CHAPTER 2 The Gallican Model of Episcopal Ordination

51

(20)

I. The Missale Francorum

51

(10)

A. The MF and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

51

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

52

(5)

C. Conclusion

57

(3)

D. Excursus on the pattern of the Gellone and the Angoulême

60

(1)

II. The Episcopal Ordination of Hincmar of Rheims

61

(4)

A. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

61

(4)

III. Conclusion

65

(6)

CHAPTER 3 The Evolution of the Roman and Gallican Models of Episcopal Ordination

71

(65)

I. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Romano-Germanic Pontifical of the Tenth Century

71

(28)

A. The PRG and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

71

(6)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units: the earlier recensions BGKL

77

(12)

C. Analysis of the Liturgical Units: the later recensions CD

89

(7)

D. Conclusion

96

(3)

II. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in Ordo Romanus XXXV A and in Ordo Romanus XXXV B

99

(19)

A. Ordo Romanus XXXV A

99

(6)

1. OR35A and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

99

(1)

2. Analysis of the Liturgical Units: Consecration Presentation

100

(5)

B. Ordo Romanus XXXV B

105

(13)

1. OR35B and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

105

(1)

2. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

106

(8)

3. Conclusion

114

(4)

III. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in Selected English Pontificals

118

(18)

A. The Leofric Missal

118

(7)

1. The Leofric Missal and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

118

(1)

2. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

119

(5)

3. Conclusion

124

(1)

B. Additional English Witnesses

125

(11)

1. The Egbert Pontifical and the Pontificale Lanaletense

125

(2)

2. The Benedictional of Archbishop Robert

127

(2)

3. Conclusion

129

(7)

CHAPTER 4 The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in Selected Pontificals of the Middle Ages

136

(67)

I. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Roman Pontifical of the Twelfth Century

136

(22)

A. The PRXII and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

136

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

137

(12)

C. Conclusion

149

(9)

II. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Pontifical of the Roman Curia of the Thirteenth Century

158

(13)

A. The PRC and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

158

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

159

(7)

C. Conclusion

166

(5)

1. Reverence to the Consecrator

167

(1)

2. Consent and Fealty

168

(3)

III. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Pontifical of Guillaume Durand de Mende

171

(32)

A. The PGD and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

171

(2)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

173

(16)

1. Roman Selection Presentation

173

(3)

2. Gallican Selection Presentation

176

(4)

3. Consecration Presentation

180

(9)

C. Conclusion

189

(14)

CHAPTER 5 The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Editio Princeps (1485) and in the Editio Typica (1595)

203

(37)

I. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Roman Pontifical of 1485

203

(21)

A. The PR1485 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

203

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

204

(20)

II. The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Roman Pontifical of 1595

224

(16)

A. The PR1595 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

224

(1)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

225

(15)

CHAPTER 6 The Presentation of the Bishop-Elect in the Rite of Episcopal Ordination according to the Reform of the Second Vatican Council

240

(37)

I. Doctrinal and Theological Preludes to Ordination of a Bishop 1968

240

(7)

A. Decree to the Armenians 1439

240

(2)

B. The Council of Trent, Session XXIII, 1563

242

(1)

C. Apostolicae curae et caritatis 1896

243

(1)

D. Episcopalis Consecrationis 1944

243

(1)

E. Sacramentum Ordinis 1947

244

(1)

F. Variationes in Rubricis Pontificalis Romani 1950

245

(1)

G. Sacrosanctum Concilium 1963

246

(1)

H. Lumen Gentium 1964

246

(1)

II. Ordination of a Bishop 1968

247

(19)

A. OB1968 and the Ritual Context of Episcopal Ordination

247

(2)

B. Analysis of the Liturgical Units

249

(28)

1. Praenotanda

249

(4)

2. Consecration Presentation

253

(13)

III. Ordination of a Bishop 1990

266

(11)

Conclusion

277

(20)

I. The Historical Context

277

(8)

A. Traditional ecclesial communion: local see, neighboring sees, and metropolitan see

277

(3)

B. The voice of secular authorities

280

(2)

C. Loss of the voice of the metropolitan

282

(1)

D. The voice of the apostolic see

283

(2)

II. The Theological Context

285

(2)

III. Future of the Reform

287

(10)

A. Principles of reform

288

(1)

B. Recommendations

289

(8)

1. Selection

289

(2)

2. Revised structure

291

(1)

3. Spirit of reform

292

(5)

Bibliography

297

(11)

Index

308

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Episcopal Ordination And Ecclesial Consensus

0814661955

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