Selected Works (Cicero, Marcus Tullius)

by Cicero, Marcus Tullius; Grant, Michael; Grant, Michael

• ISBN13: 9780140440997
• ISBN10: 0140440992
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1960-09-30
• Publisher: Penguin Classics

Summary

Lawyer, philosopher, statesman and defender of Rome's Republic, Cicero was a master of eloquence, and his pure literary and oratorical style and strict sense of morality have been a powerful influence on European literature and thought for over two thousand years in matters of politics, philosophy, and faith. This selection demonstrates the diversity of his writings, and includes letters to friends and statesmen on Roman life and politics; the vitriolic Second Philippic Against Antony; and his two most famous philosophical treatises, On Duties and On Old Age - a celebration of his own declining years. Written at a time of brutal political and social change, Cicero's lucid ethical writings formed the foundation of the Western liberal tradition in political and moral thought that continues to this day.

Author Biography

Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BC), Roman orator and statesman, was born at Arpinum of a wealthy local family. He was taken to Rome for his education with the idea of a public career and by the year 70 he had established himself as the leading barrister in Rome. In the meantime his political career was well under way and he was elected praetor for the year 66. One of the most permanent features of his political life was his attachment to Pompeii. As a politician, his greatest failing was his consistent refusal to compromise; as a statesman his ideals were more honorable and unselfish than those of his contemporaries. Cicero was the greatest of the roman orators, posessing a wide range of technique and an excpetional command of the Latin tongue. He followed the common practice of publishing his speeches, but he also produced a large number of works on the theory and practice of rhetoric, on religion, and on moral and political philosophy. He played a leading part in the development of the Latin hexameter. Perhaps the most interesting of all his works is the collection fo 900 remarkably informative letters, published posthumously. These not only contain a first-hand account of social and political life in the upper classes at Rome, but also reflect the changing personal feelings of an emotional and sensitive man.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION	7	(28)
1. Cicero against Tyranny	7	(4)
2. How to Live: Human Cooperation	11	(9)
3. Cicero as Writer and Speaker: Translator's Problems	20	(4)
4. The Fame of Cicero	24	(11)
PART ONE: AGAINST TYRANNY	35	(122)
1. Attack on Misgovernment: Against Verres, I	35	(23)
2. Cicero's Life and Letters: Selection from his Correspondence	58	(43)
3. Attack on an Enemy of Freedom: The Second Philippic against Antony	101	(56)
PART TWO: HOW TO LIVE	157	(94)
4. A Practical Code of Behaviour: On Duties, III	157	(54)
5. Cato the Elder On Old Age: On Old Age	211	(40)
APPENDIXES	251	(15)
A. List of Surviving Works of Cicero	251	(2)
B. Genealogical Tables	253	(5)
C. Key to Technical Terms	258	(3)
D. Maps	261	(5)
The Roman Empire, 51 B.C.	262	(2)
Central Italy	264	(1)
Greece and West of Asia Minor	264	(1)
Plan of Rome	265	(1)
INDEX OF PERSONAL NAMES	266