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9780470481837

Separation Process Principles, 3rd Edition

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780470481837

  • ISBN10:

    0470481838

  • Edition: 3rd
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2010-11-01
  • Publisher: Wiley

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Summary

Completely rewritten to enhance clarity, this third edition provides engineers with a strong understanding of the field. With the help of an additional co-author, the text presents new information on bioseparations throughout the chapters. A new chapter on mechanical separations covers settling, filtration, and centrifugation, including mechanical separations in biotechnology and cell lysis. Boxes help highlight fundamental equations. Numerous new examples and exercises are integrated throughout as well. In addition, frequent references are made to the software products and simulators that will help engineers find the solutions they need.

Table of Contents

About the Authors
Preface to the Third Edition
Nomenclature
Dimensions and Units
Fundamental Concepts
Separation Processes
Instructional Objectives
Industrial Chemical Processes
Basic Separation Techniques
Separations by Phase Addition or Creation
Separations by Barriers
Separations by Solid Agents
Separations by External Field or Gradient
Component Recoveries and Product Purities
Separation Factor
Introduction to Bioseparations
Selection of Feasible Separations
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Thermodynamics of Separation Operations
Instructional Objectives
Energy, Entropy, and Availability Balances
Phase Equilibria
Ideal-Gas, Ideal-Liquid-Solution Model
Graphical Correlations of Thermodynamic Properties
Nonideal Thermodynamic Property Models
Liquid Activity-Coefficient Models
Difficult Mixtures
Selecting an Appropriate Model
Thermodynamic Activity of Biological Species
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Mass Transfer and Diffusion
Instructional Objectives
Steady-State, Ordinary Molecular Diffusion
Diffusion Coefficients (Diffusivities)
Steady- and Unsteady-State Mass Transfer Through Stationary Media
Mass Transfer in Laminar Flow
Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flow
Models for Mass Transfer in Fluids with a Fluid-Fluid Interface
Two-Film Theory and Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients
Molecular Mass Transfer in Terms of Other Driving Forces
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Single Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations
Instructional Objectives
Gibbs Phase Rule and Degrees of Freedom
Binary Vapor-Liquid Systems
Binary Azeotropic Systems
Multicomponent Flash, Bubble-Point, and Dew-Point Calculations
Ternary Liquid-Liquid Systems
Multicomponent Liquid-Liquid Systems
Solid-Liquid Systems
Gas-Liquid Systems
Gas-Solid Systems
Multiphase Systems
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Cascades and Hybrid Systems
Instructional Objectives
Cascade Configurations
Solid-Liquid Cascades
Single-Section Extraction Cascades
Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Cascades
Membrane Cascades
Hybrid Systems
Degrees of Freedom and Specifications for Cascades
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Separations By Phase Addition or Creation
Absorption and Stripping of Dilute Mixtures
Instructional Objectives
Equipment for Vapor-Liquid Separations
General Design Considerations
Graphical Method for Trayed Towers
Algebraic Method for Determining N
Stage Efficiency and Column Height for Trayed Columns
Flooding, Column Diameter, Pressure Drop, and Mass Transfer for Trayed Columns
Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns
Packed-Column Liquid Holdup, Diameter, Flooding, Pressure Drop, and Mass-Transfer
Efficiency
Concentrated Solutions in Packed Columns
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Distillation of Binary Mixtures
Instructional Objectives
Equipment and Design Considerations
McCabe-Thiele Graphical Method for Trayed Towers
Extensions of the McCabe-Thiele Method
Estimation of Stage Efficiency for Distillation
Column and Reflux-Drum Diameters
Rate-Based Method for Packed Distillation Columns
Introduction to the Ponchon-Savarit Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method for Trayed
Towers
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems
Instructional Objectives
Equipment for Solvent Extraction
General Design Considerations
Hunter-Nash Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method
Maloney-Schubert Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method
Theory and Scale-up of Extractor Performance
Extraction of Bioproducts
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Approximate Methods for Multicomponent, Multistage Separations
Instructional Objectives
Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland (FUG) Method
Kremser Group Method
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Equilibrium-Based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping,
Distillation, and Extraction
Instructional Objectives
Theoretical Model for an Equilibrium Stage
Strategy of Mathematical Solution
Equation-Tearing Procedures
Newton-Raphson (NR) Method
Inside-Out Method
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Enhanced Distillation and Supercritical Extraction
Instructional Objectives
Use of Triangular Graphs
Extractive Distillation
Salt Distillation
Pressure-Swing Distillation
Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation
Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation
Reactive Distillation
Supercritical-Fluid Extraction
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Rate-Based Models for Vapor-Liquid Separation Operations
Instructional Objectives
Rate-Based Model
Thermodynamic Properties and Transport-Rate Expressions
Methods for Estimating Transport Coefficients and Interfacial Area
Vapor and Liquid Flow Patterns
Method of Calculation
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Batch Distillation
Instructional Objectives
Differential Distillation
Binary Batch Rectification
Batch Stripping and Complex Batch Distillation
Effect of Liquid Holdup
Shortcut Method for Batch Rectification
Stage-by-Stage Methods for Batch Rectification
Intermediate-cut Strategy
Optimal Control by Variation of Reflux Ratio
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Separations By Barriers and Solid Agents
Membrane Separations
Instructional Objectives
Membrane Materials
Membrane Modules
Transport in Membranes
Dialysis
Electrodialysis
Reverse Osmosis
Gas Permeation
Pervaporation
Membranes in Bioprocessing
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Adsorption, Ion Exchange, Chromatography, and Electrophoresis
Instructional Objectives
Sorbents
Equilibrium Considerations
Kinetic and Transport Considerations
Equipment for Sorption Systems
Slurry and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Systems
Continuous, Countercurrent Adsorption Systems
Ion-Exchange Cycle
Electrophoresis
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
SEPARATIONS THAT INVOLVE A SOLID PHASE
Leaching and Washing
Instructional Objectives
Equipment for Leaching
Equilibrium-Stage Model for Leaching and Washing
Rate-Based Model for Leaching
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Crystallization, Desublimation, and Evaporation
Instructional Objectives
Crystal Geometry
Thermodynamic Considerations
Kinetics and Mass Transfer
Equipment for Solution Crystallization
The MSMPR Crystallization Model
Precipitation
Melt Crystallization
Zone Melting
Desublimation
Evaporation
Bioproduct Crystallization
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Drying of Solids
Instructional Objectives
Drying Equipment
Psychrometry
Equilibrium-Moisture Content of Solids
Drying Periods
Dryer Models
Drying of Bioproducts
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Mechanical Separation of Phases
Mechanical Phase Separations
Instructional Objectives
Separation-Device Selection
Industrial Particle-Separator Devices
Design of Particle Separators
Design of Solid-Liquid Cake-Filtration Devices Based on Pressure Gradients
Centrifuge Devices for Solid-Liquid Separations
Wash Cycles
Mechanical Separations in Biotechnology
Summary References Study Questions Exercises
Answers to Selected Exercises
Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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